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英语听力：自然百科 啤酒是如何酿成的—3

时间：2014-10-30 08:36:57

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（单词翻译）

 29 gallons of water, 12 ounces of hops1, 2 pounds of yeast2 and 55 pounds of malted barley3.

The beauty of the ingredients is that they are available to every brewery4 in every corner of the world, you know unlike the wine world, you only have a certain geographic5 pockets where wine is made because wineries have to be right next to the grapes when they are harvested. In the beer world we have the luxury of having very durable6 ingredients.
But no matter where beer is made, the way it's brewed7 is also essentially8 the same.
How to make beer is universally known, whether you're doing it in your kitchen or you're doing it at a microbrewery or you're doing it at a 60 million barrel brewery like St Louis.
It's a complicated process as that, but there are some key steps, the first step in making beer transforms barley, it's known as malting, little grains of barley fill massive steel vase, and they are soaked in water which allows the grains to germinate9 or begin sprouting10.
This softens11 the grain and also delivers the classic malty favour, the malty flavour you get in beer but also other types of foods as well.
After germination12 the barley is dried, the more the barley is dried the darker and more roasted the beer tastes,the barley now gets a new name, malt. Then the malted grain is ground or milled to make a powder that is mixed with water and heated, enzymes13 from the malt break down available starches14 and produce fermentable15 sugars, the resulting liquid is now called wort, this mixture is put into a vessel16 called a lauter tank where the wort is separated from the grains, the wort is boiled with hops to provide bitterness and a beer's unique nose or aroma17.
 

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1 hops a6b9236bf6c7a3dfafdbc0709208acc0     
跳上[下]( hop的第三人称单数 )； 单足蹦跳； 齐足（或双足）跳行； 摘葎草花
参考例句：
  • The sparrow crossed the lawn in a series of hops. 那麻雀一蹦一跳地穿过草坪。
  • It is brewed from malt and hops. 它用麦精和蛇麻草酿成。
2 yeast 7VIzu     
n.酵母；酵母片；泡沫；v.发酵；起泡沫
参考例句：
  • Yeast can be used in making beer and bread.酵母可用于酿啤酒和发面包。
  • The yeast began to work.酵母开始发酵。
3 barley 2dQyq     
n.大麦，大麦粒
参考例句：
  • They looked out across the fields of waving barley.他们朝田里望去,只见大麦随风摇摆。
  • He cropped several acres with barley.他种了几英亩大麦。
4 brewery KWSzJ     
n.啤酒厂
参考例句：
  • The brewery had 25 heavy horses delivering beer in London.啤酒厂有25匹高头大马在伦敦城中运送啤酒。
  • When business was good,the brewery employed 20 people.在生意好的时候，这家酿造厂曾经雇佣过20人。
5 geographic tgsxb     
adj.地理学的，地理的
参考例句：
  • The city's success owes much to its geographic position. 这座城市的成功很大程度上归功于它的地理位置。 来自《简明英汉词典》
  • Environmental problems pay no heed to these geographic lines. 环境问题并不理会这些地理界限。 来自英汉非文学 - 环境法 - 环境法
6 durable frox4     
adj.持久的，耐久的
参考例句：
  • This raincoat is made of very durable material.这件雨衣是用非常耐用的料子做的。
  • They frequently require more major durable purchases.他们经常需要购买耐用消费品。
7 brewed 39ecd39437af3fe1144a49f10f99110f     
调制( brew的过去式和过去分词 )； 酝酿； 沏（茶）； 煮（咖啡）
参考例句：
  • The beer is brewed in the Czech Republic. 这种啤酒是在捷克共和国酿造的。
  • The boy brewed a cup of coffee for his mother. 这男孩给他妈妈冲了一杯咖啡。 来自《简明英汉词典》
8 essentially nntxw     
adv.本质上，实质上，基本上
参考例句：
  • Really great men are essentially modest.真正的伟人大都很谦虚。
  • She is an essentially selfish person.她本质上是个自私自利的人。
9 germinate hgSx1     
v.发芽；发生；发展
参考例句：
  • Seeds will not germinate without water.没有水，种子是不会发芽的。
  • Can thin and hollow seeds germinate?瘦瘪的种子能够发芽吗？
10 sprouting c8222ee91acc6d4059c7ab09c0d8d74e     
v.发芽( sprout的现在分词 )；抽芽；出现；（使）涌现出
参考例句：
  • new leaves sprouting from the trees 树上长出的新叶
  • They were putting fresh earth around sprouting potato stalks. 他们在往绽出新芽的土豆秧周围培新土。 来自名作英译部分
11 softens 8f06d4fce5859f2737f5a09a715a2d27     
（使）变软( soften的第三人称单数 )； 缓解打击； 缓和； 安慰
参考例句：
  • Iron softens with heat. 铁受热就软化。
  • Moonlight softens our faults; all shabbiness dissolves into shadow. 月光淡化了我们的各种缺点，所有的卑微都化解为依稀朦胧的阴影。 来自名作英译部分
12 germination e3b6166de2e0bafce0467a9f740b91e3     
n.萌芽，发生；萌发；生芽；催芽
参考例句：
  • At the onset of germination, the hypocotyl elongates rapidly by cell enlargement. 萌发开始时，下胚轴依靠细胞增大而迅速伸长。 来自辞典例句
  • Excessive moisture is unfavourable for soybean germination. 水分过多对于大豆萌发是不利的。 来自辞典例句
13 enzymes 7881ad8ce9c83424f7874e70266ed2d8     
n. 酶，酵素
参考例句：
  • It was said that washing powders containing enzymes remove stains more efficiently. 据说加酶洗衣粉除污更有效。
  • Among the enzymes which are particularly effective are pepsin, papain. 在酶当中特别有效的是胃朊酶、木瓜酶。
14 starches 4a2ff941018a19601cc0790704781df1     
n.淀粉( starch的名词复数 )；含淀粉的食物；浆粉v.把（衣服、床单等）浆一浆( starch的第三人称单数 )
参考例句：
  • You should avoid sugars and starches. 你应避免吃糖和含淀粉的食物。 来自《简明英汉词典》
  • Cotton and rayon yarns are most often sized with water-insoluble starches. 棉和人造丝纱多用不溶于水的淀粉上浆。 来自互联网
15 fermentable 0440329f5048b3373ea575f726597a20     
adj.可发酵的，发酵性的
参考例句：
  • We will discuss fermentable fiber more in Part 5 of this series. 我们将会在这系列的部份5讨论沸腾的纤维更多。 来自互联网
  • The conditions of fermentable and enzymatic conversion of M14 were optimized. 对高活性突变株M14的细胞转化和发酵转化条件进行优化。 来自互联网
16 vessel 4L1zi     
n.船舶；容器，器皿；管，导管，血管
参考例句：
  • The vessel is fully loaded with cargo for Shanghai.这艘船满载货物驶往上海。
  • You should put the water into a vessel.你应该把水装入容器中。
17 aroma Nvfz9     
n.香气，芬芳，芳香
参考例句：
  • The whole house was filled with the aroma of coffee.满屋子都是咖啡的香味。
  • The air was heavy with the aroma of the paddy fields.稻花飘香。

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