在线英语听力室

托福语法过去完成进行时

时间:2015-05-19 23:56:05

(单词翻译:单击)

   托福语法过去完成进行时:

  A 形式过去完成进行时是由 had been+现在分词构成,因此无人称变化:
  I had/I’d been workingthey had not/hadn’t been workinghad you been working?
  had you not/hadn’t you been working?
  凡不能用于进行时的动词均不能有这种时态,但动词want(有时还有wish)除外:
  The boy was delighted with his new knife.He had been wanting one fora long time.男孩对新小刀很高兴。他早就想要一把了。
  注意:这一时态没有被动语态,像They had been picking ap-ples(他们一直在摘苹果)这样的句子,最近似的被动式是Ap-ples had been picked(苹果已摘完),实际上这两种说法意思并不相同。(参见下面B3。)B 用法过去完成进行时与过去完成时之间的关系,同现在完成进行时与现在完成时之间的关系相同。(参见第192节。)1 表示动作在所说的过去某一时刻之前就已开始并持续到那一时刻或者在那一时刻之前刚刚停止时,常常可以用两个时态中的任一个(参见第192节A):
  It was now six and he was tired because he had worked since dawn.已经6点了,他感到很累,因为他从天亮起一直工作到现在。相当于:
  It was now six and he was tired because he had been working since dawn.那时正是6点,他因从一大早就干活而累了。
  2 用过去完成时表示的反复的动作,有时可以作为一种连续的动作用过去完成进行时表示(参见第192节B):
  he had tried five times to get her on the phone.他曾试着打了五次电话要找她。
  He had been trying to get her on the phone.他一直在试着打电话找她。
  3 一个用过去完成时表达的单一动作和一个用过去完成进行时表达的动作不同(参见第192节C):
  By six o’clock he had repaired the engine.到6点钟时他已经修好发动机了。(这项工作已经完成。)但He had been repairing the engine(他一直在修理发动机)仅告诉我们他在前面的时间/前半小时里做什么,而并不告诉我们这项工作是否完成。
  另一个区别是,由过去完成进行时表示的动作常持续进行直到或甚至超过说话的时间(这个时间是在过去)。而由过去完成时表示的动作虽可以发生在这一说话时间之前不久,但动作与说话之间可以有较长的时间间隔:
  He had been painting the door.他当时一直在油漆门。(油漆大概还未干。)He had painted the door.

分享到:


点击收听单词发音收听单词发音  

0 because EQXyl     
conj.由于,因为
参考例句:
  • Because his car is old.因为他的汽车旧了。
  • He was late because of an accident.他是因事故而迟到的。
0 dawn POZzT     
n.黎明,拂晓;开始,发端;vi. 破晓;开始,初现;渐被理解或感知
参考例句:
  • The enemy opened fire on our lines at early dawn.拂晓时敌人向我阵线开了火。
  • At dawn they started off to work in the fields.天一亮他们就下地干活去了。
0 delighted QuBzvp     
adj.非常高兴的;愉快的;欣慰
参考例句:
  • Everybody was delighted to see her.大家见到她都很高兴。
  • I was delighted to hear the news of your success.听到你成功了的消息时我非常高兴。
0 engine MpVxQ     
n.引擎,发动机,机车,机械;vt.安装发动机于
参考例句:
  • The engine started up suddenly.发动机突然发动起来了。
  • The engine will not fire.这发动机发动不起来。
0 had FeBxb     
vbl.have的过去式和过去分词;conj.有
参考例句:
  • I just had a good idea!我有个好主意!
  • The boy had a small branch of a tree in his hand.这个男孩手上拿一条小树枝。
0 knife A2Fxk     
n.小刀,匕首;vt.用刀切割,伤害,切,戳;vi.劈开,穿过
参考例句:
  • This is a good knife.这是一把好刀。
  • Please cut it with a knife.请用刀子切开它。
0 long M01xN     
adj.长的
参考例句:
  • Summer is the season of long days.夏天是日长的季节。
  • Winter is the season of long nights.冬季是夜长的季节。
0 painted Bm5zDM     
adj.描画的,着色的v.画,绘画( paint的过去式和过去分词 );描绘;在…上涂涂料[油漆];往(指甲、嘴唇等上)施化妆品
参考例句:
  • She threw a hissy fit because her dressing room wasn't painted blue. 她发脾气是因为她的梳妆室没有漆成蓝色。
  • He had his portrait painted in uniform. 他让人画了一幅身着制服的画像。
0 painting Hm7zDb     
n.油画;水彩画
参考例句:
  • I know something about painting.我懂一点绘画。
  • I painted a water painting.我画了一幅水彩画。
0 phone VNxxf     
n.(口语telephone)电话,电话机;v.打电话
参考例句:
  • Could I use the phone,sir?我能打电话么,先生?
  • Phone the lawyer at once.马上给律师打电话。
0 picking 98e2c46bb2a318620854ac7a082f5a2d     
v.采摘;采( pick的现在分词 );摘;啄;叼n.采摘;掘,撬开;采得物,赃物
参考例句:
  • He sat there ruminating and picking at the tablecloth. 他坐在那儿沉思,轻轻地抚弄着桌布。 来自《简明英汉词典》
  • The artist is picking in shadows in the picture. 这位画家正在画面上画阴影。 来自《简明英汉词典》
0 repaired fd04709fe4c19c5bebd84d6f872028d7     
v.纠正( repair的过去式和过去分词 );补救
参考例句:
  • My bicycle is not available, and it is being repaired. 我的自行车现在不能用,因为正在修理。 来自《简明英汉词典》
  • He had repaired my kettle, and It'saved my buying a new one. 他把我的水壶修好了,省得我再买一个新的了。 来自《简明英汉词典》
0 repairing b452c459a4485c0e7fe1d71d79801f51     
v.纠正( repair的现在分词 );补救
参考例句:
  • She was repairing a glove when I came in. 我进去时,她在补手套。 来自《简明英汉词典》
  • He is repairing the brake lever of an automobile. 他正在修理汽车的刹车杆。 来自《简明英汉词典》
0 since syswX     
adv.后来;conj.既然,因为,自从;prep.自从
参考例句:
  • He's been working in a bank since leaving school.自从毕业后,他就一直在一家银行工作。
  • I have known him ever since I was a child.我自孩提时代起就已经认识他了。
0 tired 1gZzHA     
adj.疲劳的,累的
参考例句:
  • Why do you look so tired?为什么你看起来这么疲倦?
  • I am a little tired.我有点累了。
0 tried Pfjzyq     
adj.可靠地;经过考验的v.试图,努力( try的过去式和过去分词);考验;磨炼;审讯
参考例句:
  • They tried to bludgeon me into joining their protest. 他们试图强迫我和他们一同抗议。
  • I tried to emphasize my good points without sounding boastful. 我在强调自己的优点时尽量不让人觉得是在自我吹嘘。
0 trying CfLzrE     
adj.令人难于忍受的;难堪的;令人厌烦的v.试图( try的现在分词);试验,尝试;审讯
参考例句:
  • an ageing pop star trying to stage a comeback 试图重返歌坛的已经上了年纪的流行音乐歌星
  • We are trying to compile a list of suitable people for the job. 我们在努力编制一份适合做这项工作的人员名单。
0 was bglwv     
v.(is,am的过去式)是,在
参考例句:
  • He said he was right.他说他是正确的。
  • He was cold and hungry.他又冷又饿。
0 worked CegzHA     
adj.处理过的,作装饰用的v.(使)工作( work的过去式和过去分词 );(使)运作;运转;(使)产生效果
参考例句:
  • It worked contrariwise—first you dialled the number, then you put the money in. 这部电话的操作方式相反,即先拨通号码,然后投入钱币。
  • Initially, the system worked well. 开始时系统运转良好。
0 working KeCzHO     
adj.(涉及)工作的;(人)有工作的;(时间)用于工作上的;(想法等)可作为基础的v.(使)工作( work的现在分词);(使)运作;运转;(使)产生效果n.工作;活动;制作;操纵
参考例句:
  • I had always been attracted by the idea of working abroad. 我总是向往去国外工作。
  • childcare facilities for working parents 为职业父母提供的照管儿童的设施