缅甸历史性大选投票开始

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　　Voters had lined up long before the polls opened Sunday to cast their ballots².

　　The chief EU election observer in the country, Alexander Lambsdorff, was upbeat early in the say, but added the election was not free of "flaws or shortcomings." His team plans to remain in Myanmar for a week during the post-balloting process.

　　Myanmar’s president has vowed³ to cooperate with opposition⁴ parties for a stable transition should Sunday’s election knock him out of power.

　　Myanmar Votes in Historic Election

　　“The government and the military will respect and accept the results," President Thein Sein said Friday as campaigning concluded. "I will accept the new government formed based on the election results.”

　　Thousands gathered at a rally for the governing Union Solidarity⁵ and Development Party (USDP) in Yangon, the country’s largest city, at the same place where opposition leader Aung San Suu Kyi spoke⁶ to her supporters last Sunday.

　　The USDP crowd was significantly smaller than the numbers drawn⁷ to Aung San Suu Kyi's National League for Democracy's rally. Most of those at Friday's USDP gathering⁸ appeared to be teachers and civil servants brought to the venue⁹ by the government on public buses.

　　But much of the support seemed genuine. “We have seen a lot of development during Thein Sein’s five-year presidential term,” said USDP supporter Ma Thadar Aung, a store saleswoman. “We get mobile SIM cards cheaply now.”

　　Thirty million people are eligible¹⁰ to vote in what will be the country’s first election since a nominally¹¹ civilian¹² government was established in 2011, a year after opposition leader Aung San Suu Kyi was freed from house arrest and a ban lifted on her National League for Democracy.

　　Suu Kyi and her party scored a resounding¹³ victory in 1990 but were prevented from taking power. The NLD is expected to do well again this time against the USDP, which has the backing of the powerful army.

　　The ruling party contests the election with one decided¹⁴ advantage: 25 percent of the seats in parliament are reserved for military officers.

　　Calls for free, fair vote

　　Several diplomatic missions, including the United States, joined the United Nations in issuing a statement Friday calling “on all stakeholders to ensure that these elections are conducted peacefully, transparently¹⁶, and in accordance with the will of the people.”

　　Britain's ambassador to Myanmar, Julian Braithwaite, said "a vote that is credible¹⁷, inclusive and transparent¹⁵ and which represents the will of the people would stand as a lasting¹⁸ legacy¹⁹" for the current government.

　　The rights of tens of thousands of people from disenfranchised ethnic²⁰ and religious communities — including the largely Muslim Rohingya people — is a particular concern, the British envoy²¹ said.

　　At the U.S. State Department, spokesman John Kirby has said key U.S. officials are closely watching the elections as an index of Myanmar's progress from military dictatorship to democracy.

　　Amnesty International said the jailing of peaceful activists²², restrictions²³ on free speech and other discrimination against minority groups are a serious problem undermining the electoral process in Myanmar.

　　Burma political experts say the NLD needs to capture 67 percent of the parliamentary seats in Sunday’s election to overcome the military’s veto in the bicameral²⁴ legislature, known as the Pyidaungsu Hluttaw, which selects the president.

　　Suu Kyi, who has urged everyone participating in the general election to ensure a fair, free and smooth vote, is prevented from becoming president even if her party is victorious²⁵. The military junta²⁶ governing in 2008 placed a clause in the constitution barring anyone with a foreign spouse²⁷ or children from holding the highest office. Suu Kyi’s late husband was British, as are her two children.

　　“I don’t believe Suu Kyi can help us. She married a foreigner. That’s why foreigners might govern our country if she wins this election,” Ma Win May, a villager from Sake Gyi on the outskirts²⁸ of Yangon, said at Friday’s USDP rally.

　　'Above the president'

　　Speaking to reporters Thursday at her residence, Suu Kyi said if the NLD prevails she “will be above the president.”

　　Her comment has some observers, not only in Myanmar, apprehensive²⁹. She did not explain her remarks.

　　“The president should be under the law. Everybody should be under the law,” David Steinberg, distinguished³⁰ professor of Asian studies at Georgetown University in Washington, told VOA. “All of a sudden I think she is saying she would not be subject to that law. So this is a very important deviation³¹ from what she has said in the past and her beliefs.”

　　Nearly 7,000 candidates from 91 parties are running for posts in both houses of parliament.

　　Myanmar, a former British colony that is also known as Burma, was isolated³² from most of the world for decades after General Ne Win in 1962 staged a coup³³, abolishing the Buddhist-majority country’s constitution and its democratic government.

　　The national election on Sunday is the first since 2011, when nearly 50 years of military dictatorship came to an end in the country.

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