世界名人简介 第65期:希尔琳·艾芭迪

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希尔琳·艾芭迪出生于1947年，她是伊朗律师和人权活动者。最为人们所知的是在2003年获得诺贝尔和平奖。评委会赞赏她对民主和人权所做出的卓越贡献，特别是儿童和妇女的权益。并成为第一位获得该奖的伊朗人和穆斯林女性。

Ebadi grew up in Teheran and graduated in law in 1965. Four years later, she qualified² to become a judge. In 1975, she became the first woman in her country to be in charge of a court. Following the Iranian Revolution in 1979, the new government decided³ it was against Islam for women to be judges, so Ebadi was demoted to a secretarial position.

艾芭迪出生在德黑兰，1965年，艾芭迪法学毕业。四年之后，她成为了一名法官。1975年，她成为了伊朗首位女性大法官。1979年，伊朗发生革命，新政府认为女性法官违反了伊斯兰教义，艾芭迪被降职成了一名秘书。

Ebadi was allowed to practice as a lawyer in 1993. She famously defended high-profile cases, especially those who challenged Iran’s leadership. She started campaigning for greater legal protection for women and children, gender⁴ equality, and democracy. She drafted a text against the physical abuse of children, which passed into law in 2002. She also founded the Children's Rights Support Association in Iran.

1993年，艾芭迪被允许获得了律师资格。她参与了许多备受关注的案件，特别是一些威胁伊朗领导层的案件。她开始为妇女、儿童、男女平等以及民主寻求法律保护。她起草了反对虐待儿童的法律条文，并于2002年立法。她还建立了伊朗的儿童权益保障协会。

Winning the Nobel Prize propelled Ebadi onto the world stage. The selection committee praised her as a "courageous⁵ person" who "has never heeded⁶ the threat to her own safety". In 2008 she spoke⁷ about the dangers she faces in pursuing human rights. "Threats against my life and security and those of my family, which began some time ago, have intensified,"she said.

诺贝尔奖让艾芭迪登上了世界舞台。评选委员会赞扬了她的无畏精神，在自身安全受到威胁时，她从未低头。2008年，她讲述了在追寻人权道路中所遇到的危险。她称：“曾经威胁我生命、安全以及家人的事件愈演愈烈。”

1.human right 人权

例句：A fundamental human right is being withheld⁸ from these people.

这些人被剥夺了一项最基本的人权。

2.gender equality 男女平等

例句：Do you think the absolute gender equality is possible?

你认为男女可能绝对平等吗?

3.physical abuse 虐待

例句：Workers are subjected to physical abuse physical abuse, or intimidating⁹ abuse.

工人遭受到虐待和恐吓, 以及污言秽语。

4.demote to 使降职

例句：Establish a guild¹⁰, purchase a custom guild tabard , and promote or demote recruits to different ranks within the guild.

建立协会，购买习惯会馆图标，并促进或降聘警服内会馆。

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