世界名人简介 第93期:莫罕达斯·卡拉姆昌德·甘地
时间：2016-04-27 06:03:21
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（单词翻译）
Mohandas “Mahatma” Gandhi was India’s most important political and spiritual leader. He is honoured in India as Father of the Nation. His non-violent protests led to independence for India from the British. His beliefs and actions have inspired civil rights movements across the globe. He is an icon1 of world peace. His birthday, 2nd October, is commemorated2 worldwide as the International Day of Non-Violence.
莫罕达斯·卡拉姆昌德·甘地曾是印度举足轻重的政治和灵魂领袖。印度尊称他为“国父”。通过“非暴力”抵抗运动，甘地使印度摆脱英国统治。他的信仰和行动也带动了全球人权运动发展。甘地代表了世界和平。为了纪念甘地，将每年的10月2日定为国际非暴力日，这天也是甘地诞辰。
Gandhi was born in Gujarat, Western India, in 1869. He grew up surrounded by religious traditions of
compassion3,
vegetarianism4, and
tolerance5 for all people. He got married at the age of 13. When he was 19, he went to London to study law. He returned to India to practice as a lawyer but was
hampered6 by British officials, so he accepted a job in South Africa.
1869年，甘地出生在西印度古吉拉特。他成长在一个虔诚仁爱、素食、宽容的家庭。甘地13岁结婚。19岁那年，前往伦敦学习法律。之后回到印度成为律师，但遭到英国官员阻挠，不得不在南非另谋它业。
In South Africa, Gandhi faced discrimination and hardship wherever he went. He was treated as a third-class citizen by white people. This
awakened7 in him questions about social justice and the role of the British in India. He returned to India in 1915, ready to put to work the concept of passive resistance he developed in South Africa.
在南非，甘地无论走到哪里都受到歧视和侮辱。并被白人当作“三等公民”。这些惊醒了甘地，并对社会公正和英帝国主义产生了质疑。1915年，甘地回国，并将其在南非所发展的“消极抵抗”发扬光大。
Between 1916 and 1945, Gandhi campaigned tirelessly to set India free from British rule. He started by leading protests against British taxes and landlords, and walked across India encouraging non-cooperation with the British. He was arrested and
imprisoned8 for creating unrest. Gandhi's fame spread all over the nation. He was
assassinated9 in 1948. Two years later, India became an independent republic.
1916-1945年，为了使印度摆脱英国统治，甘地付出了决绝努力。起初，他领导英国税法和地主反抗运动，并在全国宣讲，发动不合作运动。因发动暴乱，甘地被捕入狱。甘地享誉全国。1984年，甘地遭刺杀。两年后，印度共和国成立。
1.protest against 反对
例句：Crowds of young demonstrators protested against the increase in students' fees.
成群结队的年轻示威者们抗议增加学费。
2.set free 使获得自由
例句：Breathing it, Robert felt as if he was set free from a cage.
呼吸着空气，罗伯特感觉自己像是被人从牢笼释放出来一般。
3.lead to 导致
例句：Heart failure led to her father's death.
心力衰竭导致她父亲的死亡。
4.non-violent 非暴力的
例句：For 20 years, non-violent protests, marches and strikes by the Indians wore down British resistance.
20年来，印度人非暴力的抗议、游行和罢工打败了英国人的抵抗。
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