【英语语言学习】矿井下的危险

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TERRY GROSS, HOST:

This is FRESH AIR. In his latest book, "Deep Down Dark," novelist and Pulitzer Prize-winning journalist Hector Tobar recounts the full story of a disaster that many of us know only the ending of. Our book critic, Maureen Corrigan, has a review.

MAUREEN CORRIGAN, BYLINE¹: The disaster began on a day shift around lunchtime at a mine in Chile's Atacama Desert. Miners working deep inside a mountain, excavating² for copper³, gold and other minerals, started feeling vibrations⁴. Suddenly, there was a massive explosion, and the passageways of the mine filled up with a gritty dust cloud. When the dust settled, the men discovered the source of the explosion, a single block of stone as tall as a 45-story building had broken off from the rest of the mountain and had fallen through the layers of the mine, causing a chain reaction as the mountain above it began collapsing⁵ too. Thirty-three miners were sealed inside the mountain by this mega block of stone, some 770,000 tons of it, twice the weight of the Empire State Building.

Staring at that smooth wall, Luis Urzua, the crew's supervisor⁶, thought it was like the stone they put over Jesus's tomb. If the beginning of this horror tale seems the stuff of legend or nightmare, the conclusion is reassuringly⁷ familiar because some 1 billion of us viewers around the world watched it unfold on live TV. On October 13, 2010, all 33 of those Chilean miners, trapped for 69 days inside the San Jose Mine, were raised to the surface of the earth, resurrected through a newly-drilled escape tunnel into which a capsule was slowly lowered and raised by a giant crane. It was a feat⁸ of engineering and a triumph of faith. Neither the miners, buried under half a mile of rock, nor their families, above ground in a makeshift tent-city called Campo Esperanza, Camp Hope, ever completely succumbed⁹ to despair despite the fact that for 17 days, before a drill finally broke through to the refuge, the room where the men were gathered, no one knew whether they were alive or not.

Before they left the refuge, all 33 men recognized that their story was their most precious possession and agreed to share the proceeds of any book or movie made about them. The movie, starring Antonio Banderas and Juliette Binoche, is in the works. The book has just come out. It's called, "Deep Down Dark," and it's written by Hector Tobar. As real life, extreme adventure tales go, this one is a doozy - the equal, if the geographical¹⁰ inverse¹¹, of "Into Thin Air," Jon Krakauer's 1999 blockbuster about the Mount Everest climbing disaster. Tobar had exclusive access to the miners. And while that kind of snug¹² situation inevitably¹³ places some constraints¹⁴ on a storyteller, Tobar complicates¹⁵ the purely¹⁶ uplifting version of the men's ordeal¹⁷, describing occasional resentments¹⁸ and petty thievery. Nonetheless, the most inspiring aspect of the miners' behavior was their almost immediate¹⁹ decision to act in solidarity²⁰. On the first day of their entombment, supervisor Urzua took off his distinctive²¹, white helmet and announced to his workers, we are all equal now; there are no bosses and employees.

Some of the miners regarded Urzua's act as an abdication²² of responsibility. Others saw it as a crucial factor that inspired their collective behavior and survival. The men organized themselves into work shifts, participated in daily prayer sessions and rationed²³ their emergency food supply into one meal a day of two cookies and a spoonful of tuna fish, augmented²⁴ by water drained from industrial waste containers. Above ground, the mostly female crowd of the miners' families acted collectively too, banging pots and pans to get attention and shouting, we want information, in police officers' faces. Tobar occasionally inserts poetic²⁵ commentary into this narrative²⁶, such as when he says of the first moments of the miners' entombment that the outside has slipped into the was because now the men live in a present, and perhaps a forever, of darkness. Mostly, though, Tobar wisely sticks to the journalistic method of marshaling as many details of the claustrophobic horror as he can to make the mine and the men's ordeal vivid to the reader. He succeeds. You're made of sterner stuff than I am if, as a reader, you can keep from tearing up at that glorious moment on day 17 when engineers on the surface draw up that rescue drill and discover a note tied to the bit that reads, we are well in the refuge, signed, The 33.

GROSS: Maureen Corrigan teaches literature at Georgetown University and is the author of the new book, "So We Read On: How The Great Gatsby Came To Be And Why It Endures." She reviewed "Deep Down Dark," by Hector Tobar.

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