在线英语听力室

英文书摘精选 Matches火柴

时间:2018-03-28 06:03:23

搜索关注在线英语听力室公众号:tingroom,领取免费英语资料大礼包。

(单词翻译)

Have you ever had a problem getting a match to light? If so, you might be using the wrong type of match. There are actually two different types of matches: safety matches and strike-anywhere matches.
以前你点燃火柴时有没有点不着的时候呢?如果答案是肯定的,说明你可能没有用对火柴。目前有两种不同的火柴:安全火柴,和那一种在哪里划一下都可以点燃的火柴。

Safety
安全问题

Safety matches are the kind that light only when struck on the striking1 surface on the side of a matchbox. A striking surface consists of sand, powdered glass, and a chemical called red phosphorus. The tip of a safety match is made of glass powder, sulfur2, and an oxidizing agent–a chemical necessary to keep a flame burning.
所谓安全火柴,指的就是那种只有在火柴盒表面特定的,某一个可以划燃火柴的区域上才能点燃的火柴。这样的易燃表面是由沙子、玻璃粉、和一种叫做红磷的化学物质构成。而火柴头是由玻璃粉,硫磺和一种氧化剂组成 - 这种氧化剂则是保持火苗能持续燃烧的必需化学物质。

When a safety match scrapes3 against a striking surface, the glass powder on the striking surface and match head rub4 together, creating enough heat to turn a bit of the red phosphorus on the striking surface into white phosphorus. The white phosphorus ignites5 in air, passing ignition across to the match head.
当你用一根安全火柴去摩擦这个易燃的表面时,表面的玻璃粉和火柴头相互摩擦,然后产生出了足够的热量,该热量可以使得易燃表面的红磷转化成为白磷。白磷在空气中会进行燃烧,然后就点燃了火柴头。

Chemical Reaction
化学反应

This starts a chemical reaction that uses the oxidizing agent on the match to produce oxygen gas. Combined with the heat, the oxygen gas causes the sulfur to catch fire, which then spreads to the wood of the match. A strike anywhere match works6 almost the same way, except the red phosphorus is included in the match head. So, a strike anywhere match can be lit by striking the match against any hard surface.
这个过程中引发了一场化学反应,在这个反应中火柴上的氧化剂产生了氧气。与足够的热量相混合后,氧气引发硫磺着火,之后火苗就会逐渐延伸到火柴另一端的木制部分。那种在任何地方都能点燃的火柴,和这种安全火柴的工作原理都是基本相同的,但是这种火柴的火柴头上就含有红磷。因此,只要将这种火柴的火柴头与硬物表面进行摩擦就可以燃烧。


分享到:


点击收听单词发音收听单词发音  

1 striking PhbzAL     
adj.显著的,惹人注目的,容貌出众的
参考例句:
  • There is a striking difference between Jane and Mary.简和玛丽之间有显著的差异。
  • What is immediately striking is how resourceful the children are.最令人注目的是孩子们的机智聪明。
2 sulfur ps4wC     
n.硫,硫磺(=sulphur)
参考例句:
  • Sulfur emissions from steel mills become acid rain.炼钢厂排放出的硫形成了酸雨。
  • Burning may produce sulfur oxides.燃烧可能会产生硫氧化物。
3 scrapes e44189232a96cb66c8137215fddd7689     
n.擦痕( scrape的名词复数 );困境v.刮( scrape的第三人称单数 );艰难取得;挖洞;把头发拢在后面
参考例句:
  • How did you get a few scrapes on your knee? 你膝盖上的几处擦伤是怎么弄的? 来自《简明英汉词典》
  • She gets into these silly scrapes because she doesn't think before she acts. 她在行动之前总不思考,所以才会陷入这种荒唐的窘境。 来自《简明英汉词典》
4 rub LXWxN     
n.摩擦,困难,障碍,难点,磨损处;vt.擦,搓,摩擦,惹怒;vi.摩擦,擦破
参考例句:
  • Don't let the wire rub up against the pipe.别让电线碰到管子上。
  • He used to rub up against many famous movie stars.他过去经常偶然碰到许多有名的影星。
5 ignites 77283537824c9146c0fee6a48441841d     
点燃,引发( ignite的第三人称单数 )
参考例句:
  • Gas ignites very easily. 汽油易燃。
  • The rock and roll ignites the excitement of the audience. 摇滚乐激起了观众的热情。
6 works ieuzIh     
n.作品,著作;工厂,活动部件,机件
参考例句:
  • We expect writers to produce more and better works.我们期望作家们写出更多更好的作品。
  • The novel is regarded as one of the classic works.这篇小说被公认为是最优秀的作品之一。

本文本内容来源于互联网抓取和网友提交,仅供参考,部分栏目没有内容,如果您有更合适的内容,欢迎 点击提交 分享给大家。