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英文书摘精选 为什么昆虫的血是绿色的或是黄色的?

时间:2018-03-29 06:31:46

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(单词翻译)

Why Is Insect Blood Green Or Yellow?为什么昆虫的血是绿色的或是黄色的?

You’ve probably heard someone use the phrase “blood red,” but have you ever wondered if all blood really is red? For example, think about the bugs2 you’ve seen splatter against your car’s windshield, leaving behind a clear, yellowish, or greenish liquid. That liquid, is hemolymph, or insect blood.
你可能听到有些人这样说“血红色”,但是你是否想过是不是所有的血都是红色的?举个例子,想一想你所见过的臭虫撞到你汽车的挡风玻璃上时,留下一滩清楚的,黄色或是绿色的液体。这种液体是昆虫的淋巴液,或许是昆虫的血

Insect Blood
昆虫的血液

The blood of an insect functions differently than the blood of a human. In humans, blood gets its red color from hemoglobin, which travels through blood vessels3 carrying oxygen from the lungs to the rest of the body. Insect blood, however, does not carry gasses and has no hemoglobin. Instead, bugs have a system of tubes that transport gasses directly between their cells and the outside air.
昆虫血和人类的血在功能上大不相同。对人类来说,血液之所以呈现红色是因为有血红蛋白,血红蛋白通过血管从肺部向全身各处运输氧气。而对于昆虫来说,血液既不会运输任何气体,也没有血红蛋白,相反地,昆虫的身体中有一个管路系统,可以直接在细胞核外界空气中进行气体运输

In fact, insects don’t even have blood vessels. Instead there is a hollow space inside their external skeleton in which their blood oozes4 around. This cavity extends to the antennas5, legs, and wing veins6. The bug1’s heart, a long tube that stretches the length of its body, pushes the blood from the rear end of the insect on forward. The bug may also have little hearts at the ends of its extremities7 to help move the blood along.
事实上,昆虫甚至没有血管,取而代之的是外骨架内部的空洞,血液可以在周围渗出。这种腔体结构延伸至触角,腿和翅膀。昆虫的心脏,一条绵延整个身体的长管子,将血液从身体的末端推到前面。昆虫在四肢处也可能有少许心脏来帮助血液流动。

Pigment8
色素

Pumping blood is a slow process: it takes about eight minutes for an insect’s blood to circulate completely. Like human blood, bug blood carries nutrients9 and hormones10 to the insect’s cells. The greenish or yellowish color of insect blood comes from the pigments11 of the plants the bug eats.
泵血是一个缓慢的过程:昆虫全身血液完全循环一次大约需要八分钟。类似于人类血液,昆虫血液运载营养和激素到昆虫细胞中。昆虫血液中的绿色或者黄色来自于昆虫吃的植物的色素。
 


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1 bug 5skzf     
n.虫子;故障;窃听器;vt.纠缠;装窃听器
参考例句:
  • There is a bug in the system.系统出了故障。
  • The bird caught a bug on the fly.那鸟在飞行中捉住了一只昆虫。
2 bugs e3255bae220613022d67e26d2e4fa689     
adj.疯狂的,发疯的n.窃听器( bug的名词复数 );病菌;虫子;[计算机](制作软件程序所产生的意料不到的)错误
参考例句:
  • All programs have bugs and need endless refinement. 所有的程序都有漏洞,都需要不断改进。 来自《简明英汉词典》
  • The sacks of rice were swarming with bugs. 一袋袋的米里长满了虫子。 来自《简明英汉词典》
3 vessels fc9307c2593b522954eadb3ee6c57480     
n.血管( vessel的名词复数 );船;容器;(具有特殊品质或接受特殊品质的)人
参考例句:
  • The river is navigable by vessels of up to 90 tons. 90 吨以下的船只可以从这条河通过。 来自《简明英汉词典》
  • All modern vessels of any size are fitted with radar installations. 所有现代化船只都有雷达装置。 来自《现代汉英综合大词典》
4 oozes 1d93b6d63593be8d249e2bb6d5dae2bd     
v.(浓液等)慢慢地冒出,渗出( ooze的第三人称单数 );使(液体)缓缓流出;(浓液)渗出,慢慢流出
参考例句:
  • The spring oozes out of a rock. 泉水从岩石中渗出。 来自《现代汉英综合大词典》
  • Blood oozes from a wound. 血从伤口渗出。 来自《现代英汉综合大词典》
5 antennas 69d2181fbb4566604480c825f4e01d29     
[生] 触角,触须(antenna的复数形式)
参考例句:
  • Marconi tied several antennas to kites. 马可尼在风筝上系了几根天线。 来自超越目标英语 第3册
  • Radio astronomy today is armed with the largest antennas in the world. 射电天文学拥有世界上最大的天线。
6 veins 65827206226d9e2d78ea2bfe697c6329     
n.纹理;矿脉( vein的名词复数 );静脉;叶脉;纹理
参考例句:
  • The blood flows from the capillaries back into the veins. 血从毛细血管流回静脉。 来自《简明英汉词典》
  • I felt a pleasant glow in all my veins from the wine. 喝过酒后我浑身的血都热烘烘的,感到很舒服。 来自《简明英汉词典》
7 extremities AtOzAr     
n.端点( extremity的名词复数 );尽头;手和足;极窘迫的境地
参考例句:
  • She was most noticeable, I thought, in respect of her extremities. 我觉得她那副穷极可怜的样子实在太惹人注目。 来自辞典例句
  • Winters may be quite cool at the northwestern extremities. 西北边区的冬天也可能会相当凉。 来自辞典例句
8 pigment gi0yg     
n.天然色素,干粉颜料
参考例句:
  • The Romans used natural pigments on their fabrics and walls.古罗马人在织物和墙壁上使用天然颜料。
  • Who thought he might know what the skin pigment phenomenon meant.他自认为可能知道皮肤色素出现这种现象到底是怎么回事。
9 nutrients 6a1e1ed248a3ac49744c39cc962fb607     
n.(食品或化学品)营养物,营养品( nutrient的名词复数 )
参考例句:
  • a lack of essential nutrients 基本营养的缺乏
  • Nutrients are absorbed into the bloodstream. 营养素被吸收进血液。 来自《简明英汉词典》
10 hormones hormones     
n. 荷尔蒙,激素 名词hormone的复数形式
参考例句:
  • This hormone interacts closely with other hormones in the body. 这种荷尔蒙与体內其他荷尔蒙紧密地相互作用。
  • The adrenals produce a large per cent of a man's sex hormones. 肾上腺分泌人体的大部分性激素。
11 pigments 90c719a2ef7a786d9af119297e63a36f     
n.(粉状)颜料( pigment的名词复数 );天然色素
参考例句:
  • The Romans used natural pigments on their fabrics and walls. 古罗马人在织物和墙壁上使用天然颜料。 来自辞典例句
  • The original white lead pigments have oxidized and turned black. 最初的白色铅质颜料氧化后变成了黑色。 来自辞典例句

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