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英语PK台 第346期:主语从句从头学(1)

时间:2018-08-21 02:11:30

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(单词翻译)

   定义:

  在句子中担当主语的是一个从句,这个从句就叫做主语从句。也就是说:主语从句是在复合句中充当主语的从句,通常放在主句谓语动词之前或由形式主语it代替,而本身放在句子末尾。
  例句:
  That she survived the air crash is a miracle.
  空难中她幸存了,简直是个奇迹。
  Whether we will hold a party in the open air tomorrow depends on the weather.
  明天是否可以在露天开派对得看天气情况。
  What you need is more practice.
  你需要的就是实践。
  Where we should go is a problem.
  我们要去哪儿真是一个问题。
  When they will come hasn't been made public.
  他们的来访时间还未公布。
  It is common knowledge that the whale is not a fish.
  鲸鱼不是鱼,这是一个常识。
  引导词(连词):
  1. 从属连词引导的主语从句:that/whether/if
  that引导的主语从句:引导词that 无含义,在句中不单独做成分,不可以省。注意:That 引导主语从句通常用it作形式主语。
  例如:
  That you will win the medal seems unlikely.
  你不太可能获得奖牌。
  That she survived the air crash is a miracle.
  空难中她幸存了,简直是个奇迹。
  It is common knowledge that the whale is not a fish.
  鲸鱼不是鱼,这是一个常识。
  whether 引导的主语从句:whether有含义(是否),在句中不单独做成分,不可以省。注意:引导主语从句,不能用if不能在开头,只能用whether。
  例如:
  Whether we will hold a party in the open air tomorrow depends on the weather.
  明天是否可以在露天开派对得看天气情况。
  Whether she is coming or not doesn't matter too much.
  她能不能来其实并不重要。
  if 引导的主语从句:if不能在开头,需要用形式主语it,句首只能用whether。
  例如:
  It is not my business if it is right to do.
  这样做对不对不关我的事。
  不能说:If it is right to do is not my business.
  可以说:Whether it is right to do is not my business.
  2. 用连接代词引导的主语从句:who, whose, whom, which, what, whoever, whomever, whichever, whatever
  在由连接代词who, whose, whom, which, what, whoever, whomever, whichever, whatever引导的名词性从句中,其连接代词在句中起名词性作用,担当一定成分。
  例如:
  What you need is more practice.
  你需要的就是实践。
  Whatever we learn from the changes of Chinese characters is the core of social and cultural development.
  我们从学习中文的变化中可以了解社会文化发展的精髓。
  补充:whatever/whoever的功用
  whatever, whoever在主语从句中不含疑问意义,它引导主语从句,并在从句中作主语、宾语、表语等。whatever=anything that; whoever=anyone who。要注意和whatever, whoever引导的让步状语从句的区别。
  例如:
  任何触犯法律的人都将受到惩罚。
  Whoever breaks the law should be punished. (主语从句)
  (=Anyone who breaks the law should be punished.)
  Whoever breaks the law, he should be punished. (让步状语从句)
  (=No matter who breaks the law, he should be punished.)
  3. 连接副词:when, where, why, how
  由连接副词when, where, why, how引导的名词性从句(其连接副词有含义,在句中作状语)。
  例如:
  Where we should go is a problem.
  我们要去哪儿真的是一个问题。
  When they will come hasn't been made public.
  他们的来访时间还未公布。

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0     
参考例句:
0 air 5KuyO     
n.空气
参考例句:
  • We know air has weight.我们知道空气有重量。
  • I opened the window and took a breath of fresh air. 我打开窗子,吸了一口新鲜空气。
0 breaks breaks     
v.打破,折断,弄坏( break的第三人称单数 );(使)破;打破(纪录);(常指好天气)突变
参考例句:
  • If a man breaks the law, he can be punished. 一个人如果犯法将受到惩罚。 来自《简明英汉词典》
  • The argument often halts and sometimes breaks down completely. 论据错误百出,有时根本站不住脚。 来自《简明英汉词典》
0 business 1ScyK     
n.商业, 买卖, 交易, 生意, 事情, 事物, 营业, 商行
参考例句:
  • My father built his business on years of hard work. 我父亲多年奋斗创立了自己的事业。
  • We must finish up this business in a day or two. 我们必须在一两天内把这事结束。
0 changes 5a9d18bb87ff12835dc844883c5c3ebe     
n.(会令人感兴趣或可喜的)变化( change的名词复数 );换车;辅币;变迁
参考例句:
  • How will these changes affect us? 这些变化对我们会有什么影响?
  • It's difficult to assess the effects of these changes. 这些变化带来的效果难以评估。
0 characters Lw3zgh     
n.[计] 字符;(令人讨厌的或古怪的)人( character的名词复数 );特征;品质;人物
参考例句:
  • I find the characters in the book very unconvincing. 我觉得书中的人物很不真实。
  • Her friends are all pretty unsavoury characters. 她的朋友尽是些不三不四的人。
0 common XX7yr     
adj.共同的,平常的,普通的;n.平民,普通,公地,公园
参考例句:
  • Man and the monkey have many things in common.人和猿有许多共同之处。
  • Britain and America share a common language.英国和美国共用一种语言。
0 core OZyyY     
n.中心;核心;(苹果、梨等果实的)果心
参考例句:
  • We didn't get to the core of the subject.我们没触及问题的核心。
  • The pear is rotten to the core.这梨全烂了。
0 crash wz5xF     
n.碰撞,坠落,坠毁;撞击声,爆裂声;失败,瓦解;vt.碰撞,坠落,坠毁;vi.碰撞
参考例句:
  • There was a serious car crash this morning.今晨发生了一起严重的撞车事故。
  • The cars hit with loud crash.汽车相撞发出巨大的轰隆声。
0 cultural QvBzGQ     
adj.文化的;教养的,修养的,教化的
参考例句:
  • Our new cultural centre will be located here.我们新的文化中心将设在这里。
  • The two countries signed a cultural agreement.两国签订了文化协定。
0 depends 847c8ebb0e477b63fbc34fc0cd42b404     
v.依靠( depend的第三人称单数 );依赖;信赖;决定于
参考例句:
  • The success or failure of the plan depends on you. 这项计划的成败取决于你。
  • Our future prosperity depends on economic growth. 我们未来的繁荣昌盛依赖经济的发展。
0 development 6v6x8     
n.发育,成长;发展,进展;发达;开发
参考例句:
  • We shall follow closely the development of the situation.我们将密切注意形势的发展。
  • This is the late development of science.这是科学的新发展。
0 hold Hc6xr     
v.握着,拿着,抱着等;举行
参考例句:
  • Hold up your hands if you have any question.如有问题请举手。
  • Hold to my hand while we cross the street.我们过马路时,你要抓住我的手。
0 knowledge o2Fxh     
n.知识,学识,学问;知晓,了解
参考例句:
  • He is poor in money, but rich in knowledge.他贫于金钱,但富于学问。
  • It is common knowledge that the earth is round.地球是圆的是常识。
0 law N1cxz     
n.法(律,规,学);律师业;规律,定律
参考例句:
  • He went to the school of law for three years.他在法学院读了三年。
  • The new law will reduce pollution of the rivers.这条新法律将会减轻河流污染。
0 made hAgx2     
v.make的过去式和过去分词
参考例句:
  • They were not made in china.它们不是中国制造的。
  • The monkey made a long arm for the peach.猴子伸臂去摘桃子。
0 matter cBExQ     
n.事情;问题;麻烦事,毛病
参考例句:
  • It is just a matter of time.这只是个时间问题。
  • This matter is very important.这件事很重要。
0 medal HCOxq     
n.奖章,勋章,纪念章
参考例句:
  • He has won a gold medal.他获得了一枚金质奖章。
  • When did china win the first medal at olympic games?中国首次获得奥运奖牌是在哪一年?
0 miracle rDTxA     
n.奇迹,令人惊奇的人或事
参考例句:
  • The doctors said that his recovery was a miracle. 医生们说他的复原是件奇事。
  • It is simply a miracle that rice should grow in such a place.稻子竟能在这样的地方生长,这实在是个奇迹。
0 need 7GIxk     
vt.需要,要;aux.必须,不得不;n.需要,必要;需用的东西,需求
参考例句:
  • We'll be happy to help if you need us.如果你需要的话,我们将乐意帮助。
  • There is no need to shout angry words at me.用不着冲我嚷。
0 party RL4xh     
n.(娱乐性的)晚会;聚会
参考例句:
  • Will you come to the party tomorrow?你明天来参加派对吗?
  • I invited him to the party.我邀请他参加聚会。
0 practice oPJxa     
n.练习,实行,习惯;v.练习,实习,开业
参考例句:
  • I need to practice more.我要多加练习。
  • Knowledge comes from practice.知识来自于实践。
0 problem hQaxH     
n.问题;难题
参考例句:
  • The problem is ongoing.这个问题尚未解决。
  • This problem is too hard for me to solve.这个问题太难,我解决不了。
0 public ESExy     
adj.公开的,众所周知的,公众的;n.公共场合,公众,同好者
参考例句:
  • Most children go to public school.大多数孩子上的是公立学院。
  • She is shy of speaking in public.她怯于在公众面前讲话。
0 punished 75ba4967f948e37391b75d69039d91f3     
v.罚( punish的过去式和过去分词 );处罚;粗暴地对待;痛打
参考例句:
  • He was punished for disobeying orders. 他因违抗命令而受到惩罚。
  • Those responsible for this crime will be severely punished. 犯下这宗罪行的人将受到严厉惩罚。
0 seems a170c4cb1ae103745ec02e015cb86727     
v.好像,仿佛( seem的第三人称单数 )
参考例句:
  • She seems to feel ambivalent about her new job. 她似乎对新工作忧喜参半。
  • Her return to the team now seems a certainty. 她的归队现在似乎已成定局。
0 social kwLwt     
adj.社会的,群居的,社团的
参考例句:
  • The ant is a social insect.蚂蚁是一种群居昆虫。
  • As a social worker,she does a lot of work.作为一个社会工作者,她做了大量的工作。
0 survived e7e5cfbdc72f570d44e2714b5bbb27e6     
v.幸存,活下来( survive的过去式和过去分词 );比…活得长,经历…之后还存在;幸免于难;挺过
参考例句:
  • He survived the accident with no broken bones. 他在事故中幸免于难,没有骨折。
  • He survived the massacre by feigning death. 他装死才在大屠杀中死里逃生。
0 unlikely MjGwy     
adj.未必的,多半不可能的;不大可能发生的
参考例句:
  • It was very unlikely that he would do that.他不见得会做那种事。
  • It is unlikely that she will come. 她不大可能来了。
0 weather gM8zg     
n.天气,气候,气象;经历...而幸存
参考例句:
  • Do you like hot weather?你喜欢热天气吗?
  • The weather changes with seasons.气候随着季节而变化。
0 whale xgPw2     
n.鲸,大量;vi.捕鲸;vt.鞭打,打击,打败
参考例句:
  • The whale is a monster!这头鲸鱼是个怪物!
  • We saw a whale swimming near our ship.我们看到一条鲸鱼在我们船的附近游着。
0 whatever 0gIw1     
adj.不管怎样的;adv.无论如何,不管怎样;pron.无论什么
参考例句:
  • Whatever you do, try your best.无论你做什么,都要尽力而为。
  • Whatever you say,facts are facts.任凭你怎么说,事实总是事实。
0 whether wUOzY     
conj.是否…,是不是…;是否…,是不是…
参考例句:
  • I cannot say whether it was Saturday or Sunday.我无法肯定那天是星期六还是星期天。
  • I don't care whether it rains,I am happy.我才不在乎下不下雨呢,我快活着呢。
0 whichever sgCwE     
pron.无论哪个,无论哪些;adj.(究竟)哪个,哪些
参考例句:
  • Whichever day you come,we will be pleased to see you.无论你哪一天来,我们都很高兴。
  • Choose whichever of them you like best.选一个你最喜欢的吧。
0 whoever 9gQwK     
pron.无论谁,不管谁;任何人
参考例句:
  • I'll find the person who did this,whoever he is.我要找出干这件事的人,不管他是谁。
  • Whoever does best will get the prize.谁做得最出色谁就得奖。
0 whom CghwM     
pron.谁(who的宾格)
参考例句:
  • That is the man whom I met in Beijing last year.他就是我去年在北京碰见的那个人。
  • He married a wife by whom he had two daughters.他娶了妻子并跟她生了两个女儿。
0 win KgAwW     
v.赢得,胜利,成功
参考例句:
  • I'm sure he will win.我确信他会赢。
  • We hope she may win.我们希望她会获胜。

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