英语听力精选进阶版 6101

（单词翻译）

New chancellor¹ delivers annual financial statement 英国新财政大臣公布年度财政预算

It's the time of year when the British taxpayer² finds out how much the cost of beer, cigarettes and petrol - amongst other things - will go up in the coming twelve months.

The Budget is the annual financial statement and review of the levels of taxation³. The Budget speech includes a statement of the Government's medium-term financial strategy and the short-term economic forecast.

Taxes are used by the government to try to control the British economy as well as to raise revenue to meet expenditure⁴ for the year.

However, people are mainly interested in how changes in taxes and benefits will affect them. For example, if income tax goes up they will have less money, but parents may be happy because child benefit has risen.

The Budget speech is prepared and delivered by the finance minister, known as the chancellor of the exchequer⁵, or simply 'the chancellor' for short.

A number of traditions surround the Budget speech. For example, the chancellor gets to his feet in the House of Commons at 12:30 pm. He is heard uninterrupted by members of parliament.

According to tradition, the chancellor is allowed to drink alcohol during the speech, though these days water is preferred.

The statement lasts about an hour. Afterwards, the leader of the opposition⁶ gets a chance to respond and criticise⁷ the government's plans. Four days of general debate follow.

This year's Budget is the first since Gordon Brown became prime minister. Alistair Darling, his replacement⁸ at the Treasury⁹, makes his first Budget speech since becoming chancellor.

GLOSSARY 词汇表

taxpayer 纳税人

the budget 预算

financial statement 财政报告

taxation 税收

medium-term financial strategy 中期金融策略

short-term economic forecast 短期经济前景预报

revenue 收入

expenditure 支出

benefits 福利

income tax 个人所得税

child benefit 儿童福利

finance minister 财政部长

chancellor of the exchequer （英国对财政部长的称呼）财政大臣

House of Commons 下院（众议院）

uninterrupted 不被打断的

members of parliament 议会成员

leader of the opposition 反对党领导

criticise 批评

general debate 广泛的讨论

the Treasury 财政