TED演讲:碳水化合物是怎么作用于你的健康的(3)

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　　It prompts your muscle and fat cells to let glucose² in and jump starts the conversion³ of sugar to energy. 它促进你的肌肉和脂肪细胞吸收葡萄糖，并且快速开始从糖到能量的转换。

　　The degree to which a unit of insulin lowers the blood sugar helps us understand something called insulin sensitivity. 单位量的胰岛素降低血糖的程度能帮助我们理解所谓的胰岛素敏感性。

　　The more a given unit of insulin lowers blood sugar, the more sensitive you are to insulin. 给定单位量的胰岛素降低的血糖浓度越多，就说明你对胰岛素越敏感。

　　If insulin sensitivity goes down, that's known as insulin resistance. 如果胰岛素敏感度降低，就被称为胰岛素抗性。

　　The pancreas still sends out insulin, but cells, especially muscle cells,  胰腺仍然会释放胰岛素，但是细胞，特别是肌肉细胞，

　　are less and less responsive to it, so blood sugar fails to decrease, and blood insulin continues to rise. 对胰岛素做出的反应越来越少，因此血糖浓度无法降低，而血液中胰岛素还会持续增加。

　　Chronically⁴ consuming a lot of carbohydrates⁵ may lead to insulin resistance,  长期摄入大量碳水化合物可能会导致胰岛素抗性，

　　and many scientists believe that insulin resistance leads to a serious condition called metabolic⁶ syndrome⁷. 许多科学家们相信胰岛素抗性会导致一种严重的病，叫做代谢综合征。

　　That involves a constellation⁸ of symptoms, including high blood sugar,  代谢综合征有许多症状，包括高血糖，

　　increased waist circumference⁹, and high blood pressure. 变大的腰围，和高血压。

　　It increases the risk of developing conditions, like cardiovascular disease and type II diabetes¹⁰. 它增加了患病的风险，比如心血管疾病和II型糖尿病。

　　And its prevalence is rapidly increasing all over the world. 代谢综合征的患病率在全球范围内增长迅速。

　　As much as 32% of the population in the U.S. has metabolic syndrome. 多达32%的美国人患有代谢综合征。

　　So let's get back to your diet. 再回到你的日常饮食吧。

　　Whether your food tastes sweet or not, sugar is sugar, and too many carbs can be a problem. 不管你的食物尝起来甜不甜，糖就是糖，摄入过多的碳水化合物会引发健康问题。

　　So maybe you'll want to take a pass on that pasta sushi roll pita burrito donut burger sandwich. 那么你也许不会再选择吃意大利面，寿司，皮塔饼，墨西哥玉米卷，甜甜圈，汉堡和三明治了吧。

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