TED演讲:麸质有什么大不了的(2)

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　　in which eating foods with gluten leads to inflammation and damage of the lining¹ of the small intestine². 患者在进食麩质食物时，会出现发炎，并损害小肠绒毛。

　　This impairs³ intestinal⁴ function, leading to problems like belly⁵ pain, bloating, gas, diarrhea, weight loss, skin rash,  这会伤害肠道功能，带来一系列症状，例如腹痛、腹胀、腹气、腹泻、体重减轻、皮疹、

　　bone problems like osteoporosis, iron deficiency, small stature⁶, infertility⁷, fatigue⁸ and depression. 骨骼问题譬如骨质疏松症、缺铁、身材矮小、不孕、疲劳和抑郁等。

　　Untreated, celiac disease increases the risk of developing certain types of cancer. 如不治疗，乳糜泻会增加罹患某些癌症的风险。

　　Celiac disease is present in one in every 100 to 200 persons in the U.S. 目前在美国，每100至200人中就有一人患乳糜泻。

　　When blood tests suggest the possibility of celiac, the diagnosis⁹ is confirmed with a biopsy. 当血液测试显示可能患乳糜泻时，可通过切片检查来确定诊断。

　　The most effective treatment is a gluten-free diet, which helps heal intestinal damage and improve symptoms. 最有效的治疗方法是无麩质饮食，这会帮助治愈肠道损伤，改善症状。

　　Some people don't have celiac disease or a wheat allergy¹⁰, 有些人没有乳糜泻或小麦过敏，

　　but still experience symptoms when they eat foods with gluten. 但他们吃麩质食物时，仍然会出现一些症状。

　　These people have non-celiac gluten sensitivity. 这类人有非乳糜泻麩质敏感。

　　They experience painful gut¹¹ symptoms and suffer from fatigue, brain fog, joint¹² pain or skin rash. 他们会有一些痛苦的肠道症状，出现疲劳、脑雾、关节痛或皮疹。

　　A gluten-free diet typically helps with these symptoms. 无麩质饮食一般会帮助缓解这些症状。

　　So how many people actually have this gluten sensitivity you speak of? 那到底有多少人有这种麩质敏感症？

　　Gluten sensitivity's occurrence in the general population is unclear, 麩质敏感症在一般人口中的盛行率并不清楚，

　　but likely much more common than wheat allergy or celiac disease. 但可能比小麦过敏或乳糜泻要广泛得多。

　　Diagnosis is based on the development of symptoms, 麩质敏感的诊断要依据症状如何发展，

　　the absence of wheat allergy and celiac disease, and subsequent improvement on a gluten-free diet. 没有小麦过敏和乳糜泻，以及采用无麩质饮食后的改善状况而定。

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