国家地理:不再冻人的五大湖(4)

（单词翻译）

In Japan, priests at a Shinto temple have kept an almost 600-year record of when their lake freezes all the way across. Natural climate cycles emerge from that record -- dwarfed¹ in recent decades by the human-caused warming that has gripped the planet. Merchants who used Finland's Tornio River for trade tracked the date the ice broke up each year from 1693 onward².

日本一座神道教寺庙里的僧侣们保存了一份将近600年的湖泊结冰记录资料。自然气候循环就是从这个记录中得出的，但是近几十年来，由于人类活动导致的全球变暖更显著，所以这种自然气候循环就显得微不足道了。从1693年开始，利用芬兰托尔尼奥河进行贸易的商人，每年都会跟踪冰层的破裂日期。

In Lake Superior, shipping³ companies have kept records of ice formation and breakup since 1857. The records show cold years with long stretches of early ice, warm years with less. But overall they are a clear signal of human-caused warming since the industrial revolution.

在苏必利尔湖，船运公司自1857年以来一直保存着冰层形成和破裂的记录资料。记录显示，寒冷的年份会有一个较长时间的早期冰期，而温暖的年份则相对较短。但总的来说，这是工业革命以来人为因素造成的气候变暖的明确信号。

"What's happening in the Great Lakes region is a small part of a bigger story," says Lesley Knoll⁴. A lake expert at the University of Minnesota's Itasca Biological Station, she studies people's cultural relationships with frozen lakes.

莱斯利·诺尔表示：“五大湖地区正在发生的，只是一个大事件中的一小部分。”作为明尼苏达大学伊塔斯卡生物站的湖泊专家，她主要负责研究人类文化与冰冻湖泊的之间关系。