2016年6月英语四级考试真题(第二套）--答案

（单词翻译）

　　Part Ⅱ Listening Comprehension

　　Section A

　　News Report One

　　听力原文：

　　[1] The International Labour Organization says the number of People without jobs is increasing.In its latest update on global employ-ment trends，the agency says projections¹ of the number of unemployed² people this year range from 210 million to nearly 240 million people.The report warns that 200 million poor workers are at risk of joining the ranks of people leaving on less than 2 dollars per day in the past 3 years.[2] The Director General of the International Labour Organization Juan Somavia notes that some countries have taken measures to address the effects of the global crisis.However.he points out that many countries have not done so.And based on past experiences，it takes 4-5 years after economic recovery for unemployment to return to pre-crisis levels.Mr.Somaviasays the International Labour Organization is proposing a global job’s agreement to deal with unemployment.

　　“It’s key objective is to play so the center of recovery efforts，measures that would generate higher levels of employment and provide basic social protection for the most vulnerable.”

　　解析

　　1.A.The International Labour Organization’s key objective.

　　B.The basic social protection for the most vulnerable.

　　C.Rising unemployment worldwide.

　　D.Global economic recovery.

　　Q：What is the news report mainly about?

　　【解析】选项的表述和核心名词(key objective，basic social protection，unemployment和recovery)各不相同表明，本题可能考查新闻要点。

　　【答案】C 。

　　2.A.Many countries have not taken measures to create enough jobs.

　　B.Few countries know how to address the current economic crisis.

　　C.Few countries have realised the seriousness of the current crisis.

　　D.Many countries need support to improve their people’s livelihood³.

　　Q：What does Juan Somavia，Director General of the

　　International Labour Organization say?

　　【解析】选项为以many countries或few countries开头的句子，其中的not taken measures，how to address…crisis.realised the seriousness of...crisis和need support表明，本题可能考查各国对经济危机的反应。

　　【答案】C 。

　　News Report Two

　　听力原文：

　　[3] Big fast food chains in New York City have started to obey a first-of-its-kind of rule requiring them to post calorie counts write on the menu.

　　Cathy Nonas is with New York City Department of Health.

　　“We wanted to give people an opportunity to actually see the calories before they purchase the food and make a decision，an informed decision，that if they want to make the healthier choice if they want to eat fewer calories they can and we expect this will have a huge impact on obesity,and of course if it has an impact on

　　obesity,it will have an impact on diabetes⁴ and heart disease and high blood pressure.”

　　The new rule produced as part of an anti-obesity campaign，that also includes a recent citywide ban on artificial transfats in restaurant food.

　　The menu rule only applies to restaurants that serve standardised portion sizes and have 15 or more locations nationwide.

　　Starting last Saturday，[4] chains big enough to fall under the rule will face penalties about to 2000 dollars for not showing calorie information in a prominent spot on their menus，preferably next to the price.

　　解析

　　3.A.Serve standardised food nationwide.

　　B.Put calorie information on the menu.

　　C.Increase protein content in the food.

　　D.Offer convenient food to customers.

　　Q：What are big fast food chains in New York City require to do according to the new rule?

　　【解析】选项均为动词短语，其中重复出现的food，以及calorie和protein content表明，本题可能考查新闻中提到的某人或某机构的动作，与食品的热量或蛋白质含量有关。

　　【答案】B。

　　4.A.They will be fined.

　　B.They will be closed.

　　C.They will get a warning.

　　D.They will lose customers.

　　Q：What will happen to big restaurant chains that violate the new rule?

　　【解析】选项均为描述they的句子，且均为一般将来时，结合其中的fined，closed，warning和lose推测，本题可能考查they的行为或被接受的行为，可能与处罚有关。

　　【答案】A。

　　News Report Three

　　听力原文：

　　[5]Almost all companies recognize the importance of innovation today,but not many are able to integrate innovation into their

　　business.

　　A commentary in the Shanghai Daily points out that innovation doesn’t mean piles of documents，it’s something more practical.The article says[6]many people tend to assume that innovation just means creating something new，but actually it’s more than that.It’s an attitude of doing things.A company should find ways to innovate⁵ not just in products but also in functions，business models and processes.

　　[7]The article cites the global giant Procter&Gamble as an example,saying a real innovative⁶ company should develop an innovation culture,and use it as a primary tool for success.Procter&Gamble has a“Corporate Innovation Fund”which offers big rewards for high risk ideas.It also has a special innovation facility for its employees.Sometimes，its employees are released from their daily jobs for weeks，and spend their time interrupting in the innovation facility instead.

　　In conclusion，the article says innovative ideas alone do not ensure success.It’s pointless unless there is a repeatable process in place to turn inspiration into financial performance

　　5.A.Inability to implement⁷ their business plans.

　　B.Inability to keep turning out novel products.

　　C.Lack of a successful business model of their own.

　　D.Failure to integrate innovation into their business.

　　Q：What is the problem with many companies according to the news report?

　　【解析】选项均为表示负面含义的名词短语，结合其中重复出现的business，以及plans，products，model和innovation推测，本题可能考查某企业的不足.可能与企业计划、企业产品、企业形象和企业创新有关。

　　【答案】D。

　　6.A.It is the secret to business success.

　　B.It is the creation of something new

　　C.It is a magic tool to bring big rewards.

　　D.It is an essential part of business culture

　　Q：What do many people tend to think of innovation?

　　【解析】选项均为描述it的句子，且句子均为主系表结构，表语均为名词短语表明，本题考查it的含义。

　　【答案】B。

　　7.A.Its hardworking employees.

　　B.Its flexible promotion⁸ strategy.

　　C.Its innovation culture.

　　D.Its willingness to make investments.

　　Q：What does the company Procter&Gamble owe its success to?

　　【解析】选项均为以its开头的名词短语，其中的hardworking employees，promotion strategy，innovation culture和willingness to…investments表明，本题可能考查某公司成功的因素。

　　【答案】C。 

　　Section B

　　Conversation one

　　听力原文：

　　M：So.Linzy,do you like to text message on your cell phone?

　　W：Yeah.I text message a lot.

　　M：I don’t do it so much.I prefer to make a call if I’m

　　in a hurry

　　W：Yeah。I go both ways.Sometimes I don’t really want to talk to the person.I just want to ask them one question，So it’s much easier for me just to text message.[9]If I call them.I’ll have to have a long conversation.

　　M：Yeah，I can see what you mean.[8] But I get off the phone pretty quickly when I call.I'm not a big talker.

　　W：Yeah，that’s true.You don’t talk a lot.

　　M：So are you fast at writing the messages with your thumb?

　　W：Well，when I first got a cell phone.1 was so slow.I thought l would never text message.But then people kept text messaging me，so I felt obliged to learn how to text message.So now I'm pretty fast.What about you?

　　M：Actually I have the opposite problem.[10] When I first got my cell phone,I thought it was so cool to text message all my friends who have one， and I was pretty fast with my thumb then.But it seems like now I don’t use it so much，I've got slower actually.

　　W：Yeah.I think text messaging actually sort of has to do with your age.For example，people in high school，they text message a lot.But I ask my father if he texted messages，and guess what he said?

　　M：What?

　　W：He said he’d never text message.[11] He thinks it's very childish and uNPRofessional to text message.

　　M：Yeah，I can see what he means.It’s considered pretty informal to text message to someone.

　　解析

　　8.A.He’s got addicted⁹ to technology.

　　B.He is not very good at socializing

　　C.He is crazy about text—messaging.

　　D.He does not talk long on the phone.

　　Q：What does the man say about himself?.

　　【解析】选项均为描述he的句子，其中的got addicted to，not very good at，crazy about和not talk long表明，本题可能考查he的喜好或习惯。

　　【答案】D。

　　9.A.Talk big.

　　B.Talk at length.

　　C.Gossip a lot.

　　D.Forget herself.

　　Q：What does the woman tend to do while she is on the phone??

　　【解析】选项均为动词短语，其中的重复出现的talk，以及herself表明，本题可能考查女士或对话中提到的某位女士的行为动作。

　　【答案】B 。

　　10.A. He thought it was cool.

　　B.He needed the practice.

　　C.He wanted to stay connected with them，

　　D.He had an urgent message to send.

　　Q：Why did the man text message all his friends when he first got his cell phone?

　　【解析】选项均为描述he的句子，其中的thought, needed，wanted和had…to send&明，本题可能考查he对于某事的看法或需求。

　　【答案】A 。

　　11.A.It poses a challenge to seniors.

　　B.It saves both time and money.

　　C.It is childish and uNPRofessional.

　　D.It is cool and convenient.

　　Q：What does the woman’s father think of text messaging?

　　【解析】选项均为描述it的句子，其中的poses a challenge，saves both time and money，childish and uNPRofessional和cool and convenient表明，本题可能考查某人对it的看法。

　　【答案】C 。

　　Conversation Two

　　听力原文：

　　W：Good morning，Mr.Johnson.How can I help you?

　　M：Well.I'd like to talk to you about Tim Bond，the department manager.

　　W：What seems to be the problem?

　　M：Well.ever since Sandra left the department，[13] I feel like I've been targeted to do all her work as well as mine.I'm expected to attend too many meetings and I seem to be spending a lot of my time doing unnecessary paper work.

　　W：I'm sorry to hear that.

　　M：And，on top of that，I'd specifically asked if I could leave early last Friday as I done a lot of overtime¹⁰ during the week.But that afternoon， even though I’d finished my assigned work，I was told to help other colleagues finish their work，too.

　　W：[14]But surely that’s a positive sign showing that Mr.Bond has a lot of trust in you.

　　M：Yes.but other colleagues get to leave early,and they don’t have such a lot of work to do.

　　W：So you feel he’s really making unrealistic demands on you?

　　M：Yes.absolutely.

　　W：Have you approached Mr.Bond about this particular problem?

　　M：I've tried，but it seems like he just has no time for me.

　　W：Well，at this stage，it would be better if you approached him directly.If nothing else， showing that you’ve tried to solve the problem yourself,before you take it further，makes it clear that you’re just not a complainer.[l5]Why don't you send an email requesting a meeting with him in private?

　　M：Hmm.I’ve been a bit worried about his reaction.But anyway I'll send him an email to request a meeting，and I'll see what happens from there.Thanks for your advice.

　　W：Good luck.And let us know the outcome.

　　解析

　　12.A.He wants to change his job assignment.

　　B.He is unhappy with his department manager

　　C.He thinks he deserves extra pay for overtime.

　　D.He is often singled out for criticism by his boss

　　Q：What do we learn about the man from the conversation?

　　【解析】选项均为描述he的句子，其中的wants to…assignment，unhappy with…manager，deserves extra pay和singled out…by his boss表明，本题可能考查he对工作或领导的看法。

　　【答案】B。

　　13.A.His workload¹¹ was much too heavy.

　　B.His immediate¹² boss did not trust him

　　C.His colleagues often refused to cooperate.

　　D.His salary was too low for his responsibility

　　Q：What is the man’s chief complaint?

　　【解析】选项均为his开头的句子，其中的workload…too heavy。not trust.refused to cooperate和salary was too low表明，本题可能考查男士或对话中提到的某位男士工作中的问题。

　　【答案】A 。

　　14.A.He never knows how to refuse.

　　B.He is always ready to help others

　　C.His boss has a lot of trust in him.

　　D.His boss has no sense of fairness.

　　Q：HOW does the woman interpret the fact that the man was asked to help his colleagues with their work?

　　【解析】选项为以he或his boss开头的句子表明，本题可能考查he或his boss在工作中的表现。

　　【解析】C。对话中男士说，上周因为加班，周五的时候问是否可以早点下班，但被告知要帮助其他同事完成他们的工作。女士说，这显然说明邦德先生非常信任男士。C是对话中信息的再现，故为答案。

　　15.A.Put all his complaints in writing.

　　B.Wait and see what happens next.

　　C.Learn to say no when necessary.

　　D.Talk to his boss in person first.

　　Q：What did the woman advise the man to do?

　　【解析】选项均为动词短语，其中的his complaints和his boss表明，本题可能考查某人建议男士如何和老板沟通。

　　【解析】D。对话中女士说，事到如今男士还是直接向部门经理反映问题比较好，并建议男士给部门经理发电子邮件告诉经理男士想和他私下谈谈。D是对对话中内容的同义转述。其中的talk…in person对应对话中的a meeting…in private。 

　　Section C

　　Passage One

　　听力原文：

　　The massive decline in sleep happened so slowly and quietly that few seemed to notice the trend.Was it because of the growing attraction of the Internet，games and endless TV channels?Never disconnecting from work?No matter how it happened，[17]millions of Americans are putting their health.quality of life and even length of life in danger.

　　New evidence shows why getting enough sleep is a top priority.[17]Some 40%of Americans get less than 7 hours of shut-eye on weeknights.“The link between sleep and health，and bad sleep and disease is becoming clearer and clearer.”says Lawrence Epstein，a sleep expert at Harvard University.For example，sleep duration has declined from some 8 hours in the 1950s to 7 in recent years At the same time，high blood pressure has become an increasing problem.[18] Blood pressure and heart rate are typically at their lowest levels during sleep.People who sleep less tend to have higher blood pressure,heart attack,diabetes,weight gain and other problems.

　　Sleeping better may help fight off illness“When people are sleep-deprived，there are higher 1evels of stress hormones¹³ in their bodies which can decrease immune function，”says Dr.Phyllis Zee of Northwestern University in Chicago

　　A university of Chicago study shows people who sleep well live longer.So say good night sooner and it may help you stay active and vital to a ripe old age.

　　16.A.The importance of sleep to a healthy life.

　　B.Reasons for Americans’decline in sleep.

　　C.Some tips to improve the quality of sleep.

　　D.Diseases associated with lack of sleep.

　　Q：What is the speaker mainly talking about?

　　【解析】选项均为名词短语，其中的importance，reasons，tips和diseases表明，本题可能考查短文的主题。

　　【答案】A 。

　　17.A.They are more health-conscious.

　　B.They are changing their living habits.

　　C.They get less and less sleep.

　　D.They know the dangers of lack of sleep.

　　Q：What do we learn from the talk about today’s Americans?

　　【解析】选项均为描述they的句子，其中重复出现的sleep，以及more health-conscious，changing their living habits，get less and less sleep和know the dangers表明，本题可能考查they对健康问题的看法，可能与睡眠有关。

　　【答案】C。

　　18.A.Their weight will go down.

　　B.Their mind function will deteriorate¹⁴.

　　C.Their work efficiency will decrease.

　　D.Their blood pressure will rise.

　　Q：What does the speaker say will happen to people who lack sleep?

　　【解析】选项均为their开头的句子，且均为一般将来时，其中的weight will go down.mind function will deteriorate，work efficiency will decrease和blood pressure will rise表明，本题可能考查某种现象对某类人的影响，结合前两题推测，可能涉及睡眠不足。

　　【答案】D。

　　Passage Two

　　听力原文：

　　Parents and teachers will tell you not to worry when applying for a place at a university,but in the same breath we’11 remind you that it is the most important decision of your life.

　　[19]The first decision is your choice of course.It will depend on what you want to get

　　out of university,what you are good at and what you enjoy.The next decision is where to apply.Aim high but within reason.Do you have the right combination of subjects and are your expected grades likely to meet entry requirements?The deadline is January 15th.But it is best to submit your application early because universities begin work as soon as forms start rolling in.

　　[20]The most important part of the application is the much feared personal statement.This is your chance to convey boundless¹⁵ enthusiasm for the subject.So economy of expression is foremost.Omit dull and ineffective generalities and make sure you give concrete examples.

　　Admissions officers read every personal statement that arrives.It is not convincing if you say you have chosen the subject because you enjoy it.[21]You have to get across what it is about a particular area that has inspired you.They will look for evidence that you have reflected and thought about the subject.

　　Applicants¹⁶ should be honest.There is no point saying you run marathons，if you are going to be out of breath arriving at the interview on the second floor.

　　19.A.How much you can afford to pay.

　　B.What course you are going to choose.

　　C.Which university you are going to apply to.

　　D.When you are going to submit your application.

　　Q：What is the first decision you should make Preparing to apply for a place at a university?

　　【解析】选项均为疑问词引导的名词性从句。其中的afford to pay，course…choose.university…apply to和submit your application表明，本题可能考查上大学之前需要做的事情。

　　【答案】 B。

　　20.A.The list of courses studied.

　　B.The full record of scores.

　　C.The references from teachers.

　　D.The personal statement.

　　Q：What is the most important part of the application?

　　【解析】选项均为名词短语，其中的list of courses，record of scores，references from teachers和personal statement表明，本题可能考查学生申请或选择课程时所需要的材料。

　　【答案】D 。

　　21.A.Specify¹⁷ what they would like to do after graduation.

　　B.Describe in detail how much they would enjoy studying.

　　C.Indicate they have reflected and thought about the subject.

　　D.Emphasize that they admire the professors in the university.

　　Q：What must applicants do in their personal statements?

　　【解析】选项均为动词短语表明，本题可能考查学生的行为动作。

　　【答案】C 。

　　Passage Three

　　[22]It is usually agreed that a German.Carl Benz,built the first motorcar in.1885.It was actually a tricycle with a petrol motor at the rear.Soon，members of the royal family and other wealthy people took up motoring as a sport.[23] The early cars had two seats.There were no petrol pumps and few garages,so every,driver had to be his own engineer for the frequent breakdowns¹⁸.

　　By 1905，cars began to look like cars of today,with head lamps，wind screen，rubber tyres and number plates.[24] Henry Ford's Model T,introduced in American 1909,was cheaper because it was made on the assembly line.It brought cars closer towards the reach of ordinary people.With the popularity of the car,registration became a must in 1903 with the Motor Car Act.Competency tests were introduced in 1935.

　　Today，the legal driving age for a car in the UK is 17.You are not allowed to drive a car unsupervised until you have passed a driving test.In 1958，Britain celebrated¹⁹ the opening of its first motor way—the Preston Bypass.Until then，no one really understood what a motor way was，not even the laborers²⁰ who were building it.[25]The bypass held a new era in motor travel and was greeted with excitement and optimism.Service stations came with the motor way and the legend of the transport cafe was born.Of course，the service station has diversified²¹ greatly.But whether it's an English-cooked breakfast or a coffee and a sandwich，one thing has remained the same：the prices.

　　22.A.It was equipped with rubber tyres.

　　B.It was built in the late l 9th century.

　　C.It was purchased by the Royal family.

　　D.It was designed by an English engineer.

　　Q：What does the speaker say about the first motorcar?

　　【解析】选项均为描述it的句子，且均为被动语态，其中的rubber tyres(橡胶轮胎)表明，it可能是指汽车，本题可能考查其特征或历史。

　　【答案】B 。

　　23.A.They consumed lots of petrol.

　　B.They took two passengers only.

　　C.They were difficult to drive.

　　D.They often broke down.

　　Q：What was the problem with the early cars in Britain?

　　【解析】选项均为描述they的句子，其中的petrol，passengers，drive和broke down表明，they指交通工具，即汽车，本题可能考查它们存在的问题或缺点。

　　【答案】D 。

　　24.A.They were produced on the assembly line.

　　B.They were built with less costly²² materials.

　　C.They were modeled after British cars.

　　D.They were made for ordinary use.

　　Q：Why did Henry Ford’s Model T cars cost less?

　　【解析】选项均为描述they的句子，其中的assembly line.less costly materials和British cars表明，they可能指汽车，本题可能考查某种汽车的优点。

　　【答案】A 。

　　25.A.It made news all over the world.

　　B.It was built for the Royal family.

　　C.It marked a new era in motor travel.

　　D.It attracted large numbers of motorists.

　　Q：What do we learn about the Preston Bypass?

　　【解析】选项均为描述it的句子，其中的built for，marked a new era和attracted large numbers表明，本题可能考查it的意义。

　　【答案】C 。