托福听力荟萃 55

（单词翻译）

You may remember that a few weeks ago we discussed the question of what photography is. Is it art, or is it a method of reproducing¹ images? Do photographs belong in museums or just in our homes? Today I want to talk about a person who tried to make his professional life an answer to such questions. Alfred Stieglitz went from theUnited StatestoGermanyto study engineering². While he was there, he became interested in photography and began to______with his camera. He took pictures under conditions that most photographers considered too difficult. He took them at night, in the rain, and of people and objects reflected in windows. When he returned to theUnited Stateshe continued these revolutionary efforts. Stieglitz was the first person to photograph______, clouds, and views from an airplane. What Stieglitz was trying to do in these photographs was what he tried to do throughout his life: make photography an art. He felt that photography could be just as good a form of self-expression as painting or drawing. For Stieglitz, his camera was his brush. While many photographers of the late 1800's and early 1900's thought of their work as a reproduction of______images, Stieglitz saw his as a creative art form. He understood the power of the camera to______the moment. In fact, he never______his prints or made copies of them. If he were in this classroom today, I'm sure he'd say, "Well, painters don't normally³ make extra copies of their paintings, do they?"

【填空答案】

experiment: v. to try various ideas, methods etc to see whether they will work or what effect they will have 试验；试用

skyscraper⁴: n. ［C］a very tall modern city building 摩天大楼

identical⁵: adj. exactly the same 完全相同的［+to］

capture⁶: v. to succeed in showing or describing a situation or feeling using words or pictures（用语言或图片）记录下

retouch: v. to improve a picture or photograph by painting over marks or making other small changes描绘，润色（图画、照片）

【听力原文】

You may remember that a few weeks ago we discussed the question of what photography is. Is it art, or is it a method of reproducing images? Do photographs belong in museums or just in our homes? Today I want to talk about a person who tried to make his professional life an answer to such questions.

Alfred Stieglitz went from the United States to Germany to study engineering. While he was there, he became interested in photography and began to experiment with his camera. He took pictures under conditions that most photographers considered too difficult--- he took them at night, in the rain, and of people and objects reflected in windows. When he returned to the United States he continued these revolutionary efforts. Stieglitz was the first person to photograph skyscrapers⁷, clouds, and views from an airplane.

What Stieglitz was trying to do in these photographs was what he tried to do throughout his life: make photography an art. He felt that photography could be just as good a form of self-expression as painting or drawing. For Stieglitz, his camera was his brush. While many photographers of the late 1800's and early 1900's thought of their work as a reproduction of identical images, Stieglitz saw his as a creative art form. He understood the power of the camera to capture the moment. In fact, he never retouched his prints or made copies of them. If he were in this classroom today, I'm sure he'd say, "Well, painters don't normally make extra copies of their paintings, do they?"

【参考译文】

你可能还记得，在几个星期前，我们讨论摄影是什么问题。它是艺术，或者是它的音响图像的方法吗？照片属于在博物馆或只是在我们的家园？今天我想谈谈一个人试图使他的职业生涯，对这些问题的答案。阿尔弗雷德·施蒂格利茨了从美国到德国学习工程。当他在那里，他开始对摄影产生兴趣，并开始尝试用他的相机。他注意到，大多数摄影师认为太困难的条件下照片---他在晚上，在雨中，反映人民和Windows对象。当他回到美国，他继续这些革命性的努力。施蒂格利茨是第一人照片摩天大楼，云，从飞机上的意见。什么施蒂格利茨试图在这些照片是他试图在他的生活：摄影艺术。他认为摄影可以是绘画或绘图一样好一个自我表达的形式。施蒂格利茨，他的相机是他的画笔。而在1800年底和1900年初的许多摄影师认为他们的工作作为一个相同的图像再现，施蒂格利茨看到他作为一个创造性的艺术形式。据他了解的相机捕捉瞬间。事实上，他从来没有修饰他的版画，或他们的副本。如果他今天在这个教室里，我敢肯定，他说，“嗯，画家不正常的额外拷贝他们的作品，他们的吗？”