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新托福听写训练 第14期

时间：2021-06-15 08:23:10

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（单词翻译）

As a way of illustrating1 our discussion of group behavior of animals. We are going to watch which I think is a fascinating video tape about the eland, one of the two major species antelope2 in Africa. They live in herds4 about 200 individuals. But first let's go over some of the general advantages animals get from group association. Probably the most important advantage is defense5 against predators7. Simply being in a large group it decreases the chances that any individuals will would be the victim of predator6. Cooperated defense further increases the chances of survival survivor8 for individuals and species. You will see in the video that when the herds are attacked by the hyenas9, the elands deliberately10 drive their young into the center of tightly patched group, the center being safer than the periphery11. The herd3 act in a way that increases the chances of survival of the offspring. Cooperated defense may even take the form of offense12. Some species of small birds will join together in groups to attack predator like owls13 and hawks14. Another advantage to live in the groups is a commonsense15 notion that many eyes are better than a single pair. It has been demonstrated that large herds detect predators at greater distance than do individuals. Of course there is a downside to live in groups also. But let's watch the video before we get into that.


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1 illustrating a99f5be8a18291b13baa6ba429f04101     
给…加插图( illustrate的现在分词 )； 说明； 表明； （用示例、图画等）说明
参考例句：
  • He upstaged the other speakers by illustrating his talk with slides. 他演讲中配上幻灯片，比其他演讲人更吸引听众。
  • Material illustrating detailed structure of graptolites has been etched from limestone by means of hydrofluoric acid. 表明笔石详细构造的物质是利用氢氟酸从石灰岩中侵蚀出来。
2 antelope fwKzN     
n.羚羊；羚羊皮
参考例句：
  • Choosing the antelope shows that China wants a Green Olympics.选择藏羚羊表示中国需要绿色奥运。
  • The tiger was dragging the antelope across the field.老虎拖着羚羊穿过原野。
3 herd Pd8zb     
n.兽群，牧群；vt.使集中，把…赶在一起
参考例句：
  • She drove the herd of cattle through the wilderness.她赶着牛群穿过荒野。
  • He had no opinions of his own but simply follow the herd.他从无主见，只是人云亦云。
4 herds 0a162615f6eafc3312659a54a8cdac0f     
兽群( herd的名词复数 )； 牧群； 人群； 群众
参考例句：
  • Regularly at daybreak they drive their herds to the pasture. 每天天一亮他们就把牲畜赶到草场上去。
  • There we saw herds of cows grazing on the pasture. 我们在那里看到一群群的牛在草地上吃草。
5 defense AxbxB     
n.防御，保卫；[pl.]防务工事；辩护，答辩
参考例句：
  • The accused has the right to defense.被告人有权获得辩护。
  • The war has impacted the area with military and defense workers.战争使那个地区挤满了军队和防御工程人员。
6 predator 11vza     
n.捕食其它动物的动物；捕食者
参考例句：
  • The final part of this chapter was devoted to a brief summary of predator species.本章最后部分简要总结了食肉动物。
  • Komodo dragon is the largest living lizard and a fearsome predator.科摩多龙是目前存在的最大蜥蜴，它是一种令人恐惧的捕食性动物。
7 predators 48b965855934a5395e409c1112d94f63     
n.食肉动物( predator的名词复数 )；奴役他人者（尤指在财务或性关系方面）
参考例句：
  • birds and their earthbound predators 鸟和地面上捕食它们的动物
  • The eyes of predators are highly sensitive to the slightest movement. 捕食性动物的眼睛能感觉到最细小的动静。 来自《简明英汉词典》
8 survivor hrIw8     
n.生存者，残存者，幸存者
参考例句：
  • The sole survivor of the crash was an infant.这次撞车的惟一幸存者是一个婴儿。
  • There was only one survivor of the plane crash.这次飞机失事中只有一名幸存者。
9 hyenas f7b0c2304b9433d9f69980a715aa6dbe     
n.鬣狗( hyena的名词复数 )
参考例句：
  • These animals were the prey of hyenas. 这些动物是鬣狗的猎物。 来自辞典例句
  • We detest with horror the duplicity and villainy of the murderous hyenas of Bukharinite wreckers. 我们非常憎恨布哈林那帮两面三刀、杀人破坏，干尽坏事的豺狼。 来自辞典例句
10 deliberately Gulzvq     
adv.审慎地；蓄意地；故意地
参考例句：
  • The girl gave the show away deliberately.女孩故意泄露秘密。
  • They deliberately shifted off the argument.他们故意回避这个论点。
11 periphery JuSym     
n.(圆体的)外面；周围
参考例句：
  • Geographically, the UK is on the periphery of Europe.从地理位置上讲，英国处于欧洲边缘。
  • The periphery of the retina is very sensitive to motion.视网膜的外围对运动非常敏感。
12 offense HIvxd     
n.犯规，违法行为；冒犯，得罪
参考例句：
  • I hope you will not take any offense at my words. 对我讲的话请别见怪。
  • His words gave great offense to everybody present.他的发言冲犯了在场的所有人。
13 owls 7b4601ac7f6fe54f86669548acc46286     
n.猫头鹰( owl的名词复数 )
参考例句：
  • 'Clumsy fellows,'said I; 'they must still be drunk as owls.' “这些笨蛋，”我说，“他们大概还醉得像死猪一样。” 来自英汉文学 - 金银岛
  • The great majority of barn owls are reared in captivity. 大多数仓鸮都是笼养的。 来自辞典例句
14 hawks c8b4f3ba2fd1208293962d95608dd1f1     
鹰( hawk的名词复数 )； 鹰派人物，主战派人物
参考例句：
  • Two hawks were hover ing overhead. 两只鹰在头顶盘旋。
  • Both hawks and doves have expanded their conditions for ending the war. 鹰派和鸽派都充分阐明了各自的停战条件。
15 commonsense aXpyp     
adj.有常识的；明白事理的；注重实际的
参考例句：
  • It is commonsense to carry an umbrella in this weather.这种天气带把伞是很自然的。
  • These results are no more than a vindication of commonsense analysis.这些结果只不过是按常理分析得出的事实。

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