时差N小时 什么是条件反射(下)

（单词翻译）

Once it reaches the spinal¹ cord, the impulse is routed speedily back to the muscle originally stimulated².

一旦到达脊髓，神经冲动便会迅速返回至最初受到到刺激的肌肉。

This process occurs almost instantaneously, before we’ve even had time to consciously register that the reflex has happened.

整个过程几乎是在瞬间发生的，甚至在我们意识到之前，条件反射就已经发生了。

Although a reflex is automatic, it can change over time, depending on the regularity³ of the stimulus⁴.

虽然条件反射是自发形成的，但它会随时间变化，这取决于刺激发生的频率。

If a stimulus is repeated continuously, the reflex first undergoes sensitization, meaning that it increases in response.

如果某种刺激在不断地重复，条件反射首先会对这种刺激变得敏感，预示着条件反射的反应次数会增加。

But if the stimulus is repeated beyond a certain point, the reflex begins to decrease until it disappears.

但如果这种重复性的刺激超过了某个点时，条件反射次数就会开始减少至消失。

In other words, you can tame a reflex by, for instance, hearing a sudden loud noise repeatedly until you stop jumping.

换句话说，条件反射是可以克服的，比如反复听突如其来的巨响，直到你不会被吓一跳为止。