VOA新闻杂志2022 智利圣地亚哥因干旱被迫启用沙漠植物景观

（单词翻译）

In Chile's capital, Santiago, plants like grass are becoming rare after 13 years of extremely little rainfall.

在智利首都圣地亚哥，由于13年来降雨量极少，诸如草之类的植物变得越来越稀少。

The drought¹ has forced the city of six million people to limit water use.

干旱迫使这座拥有600万人口的城市限制用水。

It has also caused local officials and landscapers to replace plants that need a lot of water with desert plants.

这也使得当地官员和庭园设计家用沙漠植物替换需要大量水的植物。

"Santiago's landscaping is from years ago, designed for a Mediterranean² climate. Now we are in a semi-desert climate," Valentina Vega of the Providencia neighborhood, told Reuters.

普罗维登西亚社区的瓦伦蒂娜·维加告诉路透社：“圣地亚哥的景观是多年前为地中海气候而设计的。现在我们这里是半沙漠气候。”

"We can't waste all that water anymore."

“我们不能再浪费那么多水了。”

Recently, Chile announced a plan to ration³ water in the capital.

最近，智利宣布了一项在首都定量配给水的计划。

It is the first such measure in the city's nearly 500-year history.

这是该市近500年历史上第一次采取这样的措施。

It involves a four-level system that includes restrictions⁴ on water pressure and cutting off water to parts of the city for periods of time.

它涉及一个四级系统，包括限制水压和在一段时间内切断该市部分地区的供水。

In Providencia, the local government plans to change planted areas along roads into areas with plants that need little water.

在普罗维登西亚，当地政府计划将道路沿线的种植区改为几乎不需要水的植物种植区。

A special watering system is also planned.

政府还计划建设一个特殊的灌溉系统。

"This saves almost 90% of water compared to traditional landscaping," Vega added.

维加还说：“与传统的景观相比，这节省了近90%的水”。

The city is also divided.

这座城市的景观也千差万别。

Rich areas have more areas with trees and plants which are little seen in poorer areas.

富裕地区有更多的树木和植物，而这些树木和植物在贫穷地区几乎看不到。

But everyone is making changes, using native plants and modernized⁵ watering systems to avoid waste.

但每个人都在做出改变，使用本土植物和现代化的灌溉系统来避免浪费。

Economics⁶ student Aracely Rodriguez, 26, lives in Pudahuel, an area in the northwest of Santiago.

26岁的经济学学生阿拉塞利·罗德里格斯住在圣地亚哥西北部的普达韦尔。

"Where I live there are no parks or green areas nearby, there is not much to water," Rodriguez said, adding: "We try to take care of the water. We have a conscience⁷."

罗德里格斯说：“我住的地方附近没有公园或绿地，也没有太多的水”，他还说：“我们努力保护水资源。我们有良知。”

Rodrigo Fuster is an expert in water management from the University of Chile.

罗德里戈·福斯特是智利大学水资源管理专家。

He said people need to change the way they use water.

他说，人们需要改变用水的方式。

He said Santiago now receives less rainfall and snow from the nearby Andes Mountains.

他说，如今，圣地亚哥从附近的安第斯山脉获得的降雨和降雪较少。

This has reduced river water available to the city.

这减少了可供该市使用的河水。

In Santiago's main city park, waterways that carry water from the Maipo and Mopocho rivers to the park are 80 percent lower than normal.

在圣地亚哥的主要城市公园里，将迈波河和莫波乔河的水输送到公园的水道比平时低80%。

Park officials have updated the water systems and added trees that can live in the climate.

公园官员已经更新了供水系统，并增加了能够适应该气候的树木。

"The drought hits us all," said Eduardo Villalobos, who helps supervise⁸ the park.

帮助管理公园的爱德华多·维拉沃斯说：“干旱袭击了我们所有人。”

He added that people need to change what they do each day to save water.

他还说，为了节约用水，人们需要改变他们每天所做的事情。

In the park and others across Santiago, a combined five hectares of grass area has already been replaced, he said.

他说，在公园和圣地亚哥的其他地方，总共有5公顷的草地已经被替换。

This saves 300,000 liters⁹ of water during each watering period.

这样在每个灌溉期可以节约30万升水。

Local people have been divided about the changes.

当地人对这些变化意见不一。

Some said the new landscaping in places just looked like rocks.

一些人说，一些地方的新景观看起来就像岩石。

Others said change would take time and could also be beautiful.

其他人说，改变需要时间，也可能是美好的。

Dina Robles pointed¹⁰ to a sustainable garden in front of her house full of different plants, colorful flowers, and grasses.

迪娜·罗伯斯指了指她家门前的一个可持续花园，花园里种满了不同的植物、五颜六色的花和草。

The smell of plants often used in cooking, mint¹¹ and rosemary, was carried by the wind.

通常用于烹饪的植物（如薄荷和迷迭香）的味道被风吹过来。

"A neighbor told me she regretted the change, that they had been promised flowers and there were only stones," Robles said with a laugh.

罗伯斯笑着说：“一位邻居告诉我，她对这一改变感到后悔，因为他们得到的承诺是花，而那里只有石头。”

She added that it took three months for the plants near her house to flower.

她还说，她家附近的植物花了三个月才开花。

"Then it all exploded in shades of violet¹² and blue. It's very beautiful," she said.

她说：“然后那里变成了一片紫罗兰色和蓝色的海洋。非常漂亮”。

I'm Gregory Stachel.

格雷戈里·施塔赫尔为您播报。