VOA健康报道2022 美国使用堕胎药的女性人数大幅上升

（单词翻译）

A group that supports abortion¹ rights says that drugs are used to carry out more than half of the abortions² in America rather than operations.

一个支持堕胎权的组织表示，在美国，超过一半的堕胎是通过药物而不是手术完成的。

The Guttmacher Institute, a non-profit research group, said earlier this year that the percentage has been increasing yearly.

非营利研究组织古特马赫研究所今年早些时候表示，这一比例一直在逐年上升。

The drugs are taken in the form of pills to medically end pregnancies³.

这些药物是以药片的形式服用，以在医学上结束妊娠。

Recent federal regulations permit women, who live in states where abortion is restricted, to receive abortion pills across state lines.

最近的联邦法规允许居住在限制堕胎的州的女性跨州购买堕胎药物。

One woman from the state of South Dakota told The Associated Press she had to take two trips across state lines to get abortion pills last year.

一名来自南达科他州的女子告诉美联社，去年她不得不两次跨州去买堕胎药。

The woman did not want to release her name.

这名女子不愿透露自己的姓名。

She said the pills permitted her to end an unexpected and high-risk pregnancy⁴.

她说，这些药片让她结束了一次意外的高危妊娠。

An opinion from the U.S. Supreme⁵ Court leaked this week suggested that it would permit individual states to ban abortion.

本周泄露的美国最高法院的一份意见草稿表明，它将允许各州禁止堕胎。

And anti-abortion activists⁶ and politicians say cross-border trips, online doctors visits and mail-delivery pills are what they will try to stop next.

反堕胎活动人士和政界人士表示，他们下一步要努力阻止的是跨州买药、在线医生就诊和邮寄药物。

"Medication abortion will be where access to abortion is decided," said Mary Ziegler.

玛丽·齐格勒说：“药物流产将是决定堕胎的途径。”

She is a professor at Florida State University College of Law.

她是佛罗里达州立大学法学院的教授。

Ziegler specializes in reproductive rights.

齐格勒专门研究生育权。

"That's going to be the battleground that decides how enforceable abortion bans are."

“这将是决定堕胎禁令可执行性的战场。”

Use of abortion pills has been rising in the U.S. since 2000.

自2000年以来，美国堕胎药的使用一直在增加。

That year, the U.S. Food and Drug Administration (FDA) approved mifepristone.

同年，美国食品药品监督管理局批准了米非司酮。

It is the main drug used in medication abortions.

它是药物流产中使用的主要药物。

The FDA removed a requirement that women receive abortion pills in person during the COVID-19 pandemic last year.

去年新冠疫情期间，美国食品药品监督管理局取消了女性必须亲自购买堕胎药的要求。

Mail delivery is also now permitted across the country.

现在全国范围内也允许邮寄药物。

Those changes have helped create online services that offer information on getting abortion pills and appointments to get a prescription⁷.

这些变化帮助创建了在线服务，其提供有关获取堕胎药物和预约获得处方的信息。

The unidentified woman in South Dakota first found that the state's only abortion clinic could not accept her in time for a medication abortion.

这名不愿透露姓名的南达科他州女子第一次发现，该州唯一的堕胎诊所无法及时接受她进行药物流产。

She was able to find an online service that advised her to drive to Minnesota for a phone call with a doctor.

她找到了一家在线服务公司，它建议她开车去明尼苏达州与医生通电话。

A week later, she went back to Minnesota for the pills.

一周后，她回到明尼苏达州去取药。

South Dakota is among several states in which Republican lawmakers and leaders have moved to place restrictions⁸ on abortion pills in recent months.

南达科他州是近几个月来共和党议员和领导人采取行动限制堕胎药物的几个州之一。

Other states include Texas, Kentucky, Arkansas, Ohio, Tennessee and Oklahoma.

其他州包括得克萨斯州、肯塔基州、阿肯色州、俄亥俄州、田纳西州和俄克拉何马州。

The AP reports that 19 states require a medical professional to be physically⁹ present when abortion pills are given to a patient.

美联社报道称，有19个州要求在给患者堕胎药时，医务人员必须在场。

Besides crossing state lines, women can also go to internationally-based online pharmacies¹⁰, said Greer Donley.

格里尔·唐利说，除了跨州买药，女性还可以去国际在线药店买药。

She is a professor at the University of Pittsburgh Law School.

她是匹兹堡大学法学院的教授。

Some women are also having pills sent through states without restrictions.

一些女性还可以不受限制地在各州寄送药片。

"It's going to be much harder for states to control abortion access," Donley said.

唐利说：“各州将会更难控制堕胎药的获得途径。”

"The question is how is it going to be enforced?"

“问题是，它将如何执行？”

Sue Leibel is with the Susan B. Anthony List, an organization opposed to abortion.

苏·莱贝尔就职于反堕胎组织“苏珊·B·安东尼名单”。

She said it is an issue that is gaining in importance to Republican state lawmakers.

她说，这是一个对共和党州议员来说越来越重要的问题。

"This is a new frontier and states are grappling with enforcement mechanisms," she said.

她说：“这是一个新的领域，各州正在努力解决执法机制问题”。

Abortion opponents say they do not want to bring legal action against women who seek abortions.

反堕胎人士表示，他们不想对寻求堕胎的女性提起法律诉讼。

Instead, Leibel suggested the next target for state enforcement should be the pharmacies, organizations and clinics that provide the abortion pills.

相反，莱贝尔建议州执法部门的下一个目标应该是提供堕胎药的药店、组织和诊所。

She also said abortion-rights opponents should place importance on electing a presidential candidate who could work to change the FDA's policy.

她还说，反对堕胎权的人应该把重点放在选举一位能够改变美国食品药品监督管理局政策的总统候选人上。

But, Donley, the law school professor, is worried that state lawmakers may seek to take legal action against the women who get the pills.

但是，法学院教授唐利担心，州议员可能会对服用堕胎药的女性采取法律行动。

"Many anti-abortion legislators might realize the only way to enforce these laws is to prosecute¹¹ the pregnant person themselves," she said.

她说：“许多反堕胎立法者可能意识到，执行这些法律的唯一方法是起诉孕妇本人。”

I'm Dan Novak.

丹·诺瓦克为您播报。