VOA健康报道2022 美国人均预期寿命再次下降

（单词翻译）

Life expectancy¹ in the United States has dropped for the second straight year, a government report said on Wednesday.

美国政府周三发布的一份报告称，美国人均预期寿命已经连续第二年下降。

The Centers for Disease Control and Prevention estimated that the average American born in 2021 will live for about 76 years.

美国疾病控制与预防中心估计，2021年出生的美国人的平均预期寿命约为76岁。

The average was 78 years and 10 months in 2019.

2019年的美国人均预期寿命为78岁零10个月。

And it dropped to 77 years in 2020.

2020年的美国人均预期寿命下降到77岁。

Health officials blamed COVID-19 for half of the decrease.

卫生官员将美国人均预期寿命缩短的一半原因归咎于新冠疫情。

They said the rest was connected to longstanding problems such as drug overdoses, suicide and heart and liver disease.

他们表示，其他原因则与用药过量、自杀、心脏和肝脏疾病等长期存在的问题有关。

Samuel Preston studies human population, or demographics, for the University of Pennsylvania.

塞缪尔·普雷斯顿在宾夕法尼亚大学研究人口统计学。

He called the situation "dismal," or very bad.

他称目前的情况“令人沮丧”，即非常糟糕。

"It was bad before and it's gotten worse," he added.

他还说：“以前的情况很糟糕，现在情况变得更糟了”。

Life expectancy is an estimate of the average number of years a baby born in a given year might expect to live, given death rates at that time.

人均预期寿命是根据某一年的死亡率对当年出生的婴儿的平均寿命的预测。

Robert Hummer is a researcher who studies population health at the University of North Carolina.

罗伯特·哈默是北卡罗来纳大学研究人口健康的研究员。

He said life expectancy is "the most fundamental indicator² of population health in this country."

他说，人均预期寿命是“这个国家人口健康的最基本指标”。

For some racial groups in the U.S., the decreases were even worse than the average.

美国某些种族群体的人均预期寿命下降的幅度甚至比平均水平更大。

For example, Native Americans' life expectancy dropped by over six years during the pandemic and is now at 65 years.

例如，在疫情期间，美国原住民的人均预期寿命下降了6年多，现在为65岁。

For Asian Americans, the number dropped by two years to 83 years and 6 months.

亚裔美国人的人均预期寿命下降了2年，降至83岁零6个月。

The numbers released this week are based on early data.

本周公布的数据基于早期数据。

They could get even worse when all the deaths in 2021 are counted.

如果将2021年的死亡人数全部统计在内，情况可能会更糟。

In 2020, the numbers got worse by four months once all deaths were recorded.

2020年，在所有死亡人数都被统计在内后，数字下降了4个月。

The last time American life expectancy dropped for two straight years was in the 1960s.

美国人均预期寿命上一次出现连续两年下降的情况是在20世纪60年代。

The report included some general numbers for the U.S. population:

这份报告包括了一些美国人口的综合数据：

For women, life expectancy dropped by 10 months.

女性的预期寿命下降了10个月。

For men, it dropped a full year from 74 to 73.

男性的预期寿命从74岁降至73岁。

COVID-19 deaths were the main reason for the drop.

新冠疫情是美国人均预期寿命下降的主要原因。

But a record 107,000 Americans died by accidental injuries, mainly drug overdoses, in 2021.

但2021年有10.7万美国人死于意外伤害（主要是用药过量），创历史新高。

White people saw their life expectancy fall about one year, to 76 years and 5 months.

白人的预期寿命下降了大约1年，降至76岁零5个月。

Black Americans saw their numbers drop by about eight months, to 70 years and 10 months.

美国黑人的预期寿命下降了大约8个月，降至70岁零10个月。

For Hispanic Americans, life expectancy dropped by about two months, to about 77 years and 7 months.

拉美裔美国人的预期寿命下降了大约2个月，降至77岁零7个月。

That was a much smaller drop than the year before, when it was 4 years.

这比前一年的降幅要小得多，当时拉美裔美国人的预期寿命下降了4年。

Preston, from the University of Pennsylvania, believes it is because Hispanics had higher vaccination³ rates against COVID-19 in 2021.

宾夕法尼亚大学的普雷斯顿认为，这是因为在2021年拉美裔美国人的新冠疫苗接种率更高。

The new report said suicide was one of the causes of the decrease in life expectancy in 2021, as the rate of suicide has gone up in the last year after dropping in 2019 and 2020.

这份新报告称，自杀是2021年美国人均预期寿命下降的原因之一，因为自杀率在2019年和2020年下降后，去年有又上升了。

I'm Dan Friedell.

丹·弗里德尔为您播报。