纪录片《大英博物馆世界简史》 035奥古斯都头像(6)

（单词翻译）

This eternal image would be coupled with an eternal name. After his death, Augustus was declared a god by the Senate, to be worshipped by the Romans. His titles Augustus and Caesar were adopted by every subsequent emperor, and the month of Sextilius was officially renamed August in his honour. Here's Boris Johnson again:

永恒的形象应有永恒的名字与之相配。奥古斯都死后，元老院宣布他为神，所有罗马人都应敬拜。他的两个名号-奥古斯都和恺撒-被每一位继任者沿用下来。鲍里斯约翰逊说：

"Augustus was the first emperor of Rome, and he created from the Roman Republic an institution that in many ways everybody has tried to imitate for the succeeding centuries. If you think about the Tsars, the Kaiser, the Tsars of Bulgaria, Mussolini, Hitler and Napoleon, everybody has tried to imitate that Roman iconography, that Roman approach, a great part of which began with Augustus and the first 'principet' as it was called, the first imperial role that he occupied."

奥古斯都是罗马的第一任皇帝。他所创建的罗马帝国成为后世君主竞相模仿的对象。不管是俄罗斯沙皇、德意志皇帝、保加利亚沙皇、墨索里尼、希特勒还是拿破仑，他们都曾试图模仿罗马的个人崇拜及治国方式，而这些都始于奥古斯都。他是历史上第一位“国家元首”。

All through this week, we've been looking at how a few privileged individuals imposed their will on the world around them. Next week, we'll still be looking at the world in the time of the Pax Romana, but the objects will be focussing on the passions, pastimes and appetites that have always governed more ordinary people's lives. It will be a week of vices¹, and spices. And we begin with a silver cup, made for a pederast in Palestine.

伟大的君主创造伟大的国度。但帝国内平民的日常生活其实更受到公共爱好与消遣方式的支配。在罗马和平时期也不例外。接下来的几件物品都来自罗马和平时期，能让我们深入了解当时人民的生活。它们都与香料和丑闻有关。首先要介绍的是为巴勒斯坦一位爱恋男童的男士制作的银杯。