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纪录片《大英博物馆世界简史》 058日本铜镜(4)

时间:2022-12-30 09:18:21

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(单词翻译)

 

Untroubled by outside influences or new arrivals, Japan turned inwards for several centuries - a fact which still resonates today - and developed its own highly idiosyncratic culture. At the court in Kyoto every aspect of life was constantly refined and aestheticised in the pursuit of ever more sophisticated pleasure. It was a society in which women played a key cultural role. It's also the time of the first significant literature written in Japanese - written, in fact, by women. So it's a world we know quite a lot about, and it's the world of our mirror. The person who first used it could well have been reading that first great Japanese novel - indeed one of the first great novels of the world - the 'Tale of Genji' written by the court lady Murasaki Shikibu. Here's the novelist and expert on Japanese culture, Ian Buruma:

"Lady Murasaki was a little bit like Jane Austen... the 'Tale of Genji' gives you an extraordinary insight into what life was like in that aristocratic hothouse of the Heian period.

排除了外来影响,也没有新的舶来品,日本在接下来的几个世纪发展出独具特色的文化,留下了至今难以磨灭的影响。当时京都宫廷生活的各个方面都在不断改进,日渐变得精致而富有美感,追求考究的享乐。在那个社会的文化生活中,女性占据了主要地位。那段时期也是日本文学的诞生期,作者亦以女性居多。通过这些文字记录,我们得以细致了解那个时代,而那也正是我们这面铜镜诞生的时代。它的第一任主人很可能阅读过日本首部重要的小说《源氏物语》,它也是世界范围内最早的文学巨著之一,作者是宫廷女官紫式部。小说家与日本文化专家伊恩·布鲁玛对当时的社会背景做了补充:
紫式部有点像简·奥斯汀。《源氏物语》让我们得以深入了解日本平安时代的贵族生活。

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0     
参考例句:
0 also 5LHyk     
adv.也,亦;并且;同样;而且,还
参考例句:
  • I also like chocolate ice cream.我也喜欢吃巧克力冰淇淋。
  • People also like to have a Christmas tree in the living-room.人们同样喜欢在起居室内摆一棵圣诞树。
0 arrivals fyvztu     
n.到达( arrival的名词复数 );抵达;到达者;(新技术、新思想的)引进
参考例句:
  • Arrivals continue to be abundant. 到货仍然源源不断。 来自《简明英汉词典》
  • There were two new arrivals, fidgeting around, waiting to ask questions. 有两个新来的人坐立不安地等着提问。 来自辞典例句
0 aspect jNiyX     
n.样子,外表,面貌,(问题等的)方面
参考例句:
  • The training program covers every aspect of the job.训练计划的范围包括了这种工作的各个方面。
  • His aspect was frightening.他那副样子很可怕。
0 bit VRGyo     
n.一点儿,少量;钻头;马嚼子;辅币,位,比特(二进位制信息单位);v.控制
参考例句:
  • I'm just going out for a bit.我正打算出去一会儿。
  • When did you change the bit?什么时候换的钻头?
0 centuries 8d88fed234e619d1c11ca37855523242     
n.100年,一世纪( century的名词复数 );100分;千秋
参考例句:
  • This system perpetuated itself for several centuries. 这一制度维持了几个世纪。
  • This practice has remained unaltered for centuries. 这种习俗已数百年未变。
0 constantly EvHzqK     
adv.不变地,不断地,时常地
参考例句:
  • The two countries have been warring constantly for years.这两国多年来一直交战。
  • We should constantly urge ourselves on to study hard.我们要经常鞭策自己努力学习。
0 could lzvxe     
v.能,可能(can的过去式);aux.v.(can的过去式)能;可以
参考例句:
  • Could I open the window?我可以打开窗子吗?
  • I could wait ten minutes.我可以等十分钟。
0 court Uzax6     
n.法院,庭院,奉承,球场;v.献殷勤,追求,招致危险
参考例句:
  • The court is very dirty.这个院子非常脏。
  • Can you prove that to the court?你能向法庭证实这一点吗?
0 cultural QvBzGQ     
adj.文化的;教养的,修养的,教化的
参考例句:
  • Our new cultural centre will be located here.我们新的文化中心将设在这里。
  • The two countries signed a cultural agreement.两国签订了文化协定。
0 culture 8ngzk     
n.文化,教养,种植;vt.培养
参考例句:
  • I love the national culture very much.我非常喜欢民族文化。
  • I'm learning all about Thai food and culture.我学习所有的关于泰国的食物和文化。
0 developed iuuzlo     
adj.先进的;发达的(国家或地区)
参考例句:
  • financial aid to less developed countries 对欠发达国家的经济援助
  • We have developed rapid order processing to expedite deliveries to customers. 我们已创造了快速处理订单的方法以便迅速将货物送达顾客。
0 ever ZijzR     
adv.曾经;永远;不断地;在任何时候;究竟
参考例句:
  • Have you ever been to hangzhou?你曾经去过杭州吗?
  • I will be young and strong and beautiful for ever.我将永远年轻、强壮,永远漂亮。
0 expert TmNx1     
n.专家,能手;adj.熟练的,有经验的;专门的,内行的
参考例句:
  • She is an expert in training animals.她是驯兽专家。
  • What is a foreign expert card?什么是外国专家证?
0 extraordinary Blgxv     
adj.非常的,特别的,非凡的
参考例句:
  • Her strength of will was extraordinary.她的意志力是非凡的。
  • What an extraordinary hat!多么奇特的帽子!
0 fact olRxe     
n.事实,实情,论据
参考例句:
  • It is close to fact.这更接近于事实。
  • I'm going there tomorrow,as a matter of fact.其实,我明天是准备去那里。
0 first FjMxx     
adj.第一的;adv.首先
参考例句:
  • What should I do first?我该首先做什么?
  • That is the first question.这是第一个问题。
0 highly XdFxR     
adv.高度地,极,非常;非常赞许地
参考例句:
  • It is highly important to provide for the future.预先做好准备非常重要。
  • The teacher speaks very highly of the boy's behaviour.老师称赞这个男孩的表现。
0 indeed 588x0     
adv.真正地,实际上;确实,实在;当然,固然;甚至;真的
参考例句:
  • I thank you very much indeed for this interview.我十分感谢您这次接见。
  • I didn't mind.Indeed,I was pleased.我不在意,甚至还很高兴。
0 influences 9c7fbae9c25adeb6a2c618c974f1a2fe     
n.影响( influence的名词复数 );势力;有影响的人(或事物);[占星学]星力v.影响( influence的第三人称单数 );感染;支配;对…起作用
参考例句:
  • a plurality of influences 众多的影响
  • Industrialization influences social usages. 工业化影响着社会的习俗。 来自《简明英汉词典》
0 insight D6fx4     
n.洞察力,洞悉,深刻的见解
参考例句:
  • Good teachers have insight into the problems of students.好的教师能洞察学生的问题。
  • The research will provide direct insight into molecular mechanisms.这项研究将使人能够直接地了解分子的机理。
0 it's MqtzUn     
(=it is;it has)
参考例句:
  • In "It's a bloody miracle!", "bloody" is used as an intensive word. 在“It‘s a bloody miracle!”一句中,bloody是用作加强语气的词。
  • According to Mick, it's a great movie. 据米克说,这是一部了不起的电影。
0 Japan a3Vxm     
n.日本,日本国
参考例句:
  • She is in Japan now.她现在正在日本。
  • Japan lies to the east of China.日本在中国之东.
0 Japanese W3vxm     
n.日本人;日语;日文;adj.日本的;日本语的
参考例句:
  • This is of Japanese make.这是日本制造的。
  • He began to learn Japanese three years ago.3年前他开始学日语。
0 key V3ZxX     
n.答案;钥匙;关键;adj.基本的
参考例句:
  • I lost my key.我把钥匙丢了。
  • This will be key.这将是关键出路。
0 lady j2ax4     
n.女士,夫人,小姐;举止文雅的女子,淑女
参考例句:
  • Would the lady like a necklace?这位小姐喜欢项链吗?
  • A lady should sit up straight.淑女要坐得直直的。
0 life C1LxR     
n.生活;生命
参考例句:
  • The doctor came in time to save his life.医生及时来抢救他的生命。
  • At last he knew the meaning of life.终于,他知道了生命的意义。
0 literature y8Xzs     
n.文学,文学作品;文献,图书资料
参考例句:
  • He gave up medicine and took to literature.他放弃医学,开始从事文学。
  • That was the high summer of English literature.那是英国文学的黄金时代。
0 lot Z0jxZ     
n.许多;好些
参考例句:
  • We had a lot of difficulties.我们碰到过许多困难。
  • Helen eats a lot of fruit.海伦水果吃得很多。
0 mirror jDkxB     
n.镜子
参考例句:
  • Look at yourself in the mirror! 你在镜子里照照自己吧!
  • Where's the taller mirror?大镜子在哪里呢?
0 novel o0ayi     
n.小说,长篇故事;adj.新奇的,异常的
参考例句:
  • She spent a peaceful afternoon by the river,reading a novel.她在河边看小说,度过了一个宁静的下午。
  • She finished writing her novel.她完成了她的小说。
0 novelist 60Uyl     
n.小说家
参考例句:
  • He is really a fruitful novelist.他真是一位多产的小说家。
  • A good novelist needs great power of conception.一个好的小说家需要丰富的想象力。
0 novels f3221bc44ebd23a65c3639080ce2e5c0     
n.(长篇)小说( novel的名词复数 )
参考例句:
  • the cloying sentimentality of her novels 她的小说中令人厌烦的感伤情调
  • Her novels are infused with sadness. 她的小说充满哀伤。
0 outside JJ0xK     
adv.外面的,在外部的,外表,外界;n.外面,外表,外界;adj.外面的,外表的,外界的
参考例句:
  • We stood outside the shop.我们站在商店外面。
  • The children are playing outside.孩子们在外面玩儿呢。
0 own QKbxk     
v.拥有,持有;adj.(属于)自己的,特有的
参考例句:
  • I need my own space.我需要自己的空间。
  • Everything I own is yours.我所有的一切都是你的。
0 period vMNx3     
n.学时,课时;一段时间,时期,周期;句点
参考例句:
  • Trade is always good over the Christmas period.圣诞节期间生意一向很好。
  • He nursed the company through a difficult period.他帮助公司渡过了一段困难时期。
0 person QMBxI     
n.人
参考例句:
  • I would never trust in that kind of person.我绝不会相信那种人。
  • She is the very person I wanted to see.她正是我要见的人。
0 pleasure sOzxl     
n.愉快,快乐,高兴,乐事,乐趣,意志,愿望
参考例句:
  • It's a pleasure talking to you.同您谈话很愉快。
  • He finds pleasure in reading.他从阅读中得到乐趣。
0 pursuit p0pz0     
n.追赶,追求,职业,工作
参考例句:
  • They set off at once along the lane in pursuit.他们立即出发沿着小巷追赶。
  • Life,liberty,and the pursuit of happiness have been called the inalienable rights of man.生命、自由和追求幸福被称为人类不可剥夺的权利。
0 quite Z0qzV     
adv.完全,十分
参考例句:
  • I find English quite difficult.我发现英语相当难。
  • The bottle is quite empty.这瓶子完全空了。
0 reading YiGyU     
n.阅读,知识,读物,表演,对法律条文的解释;adj.阅读的
参考例句:
  • Children learn reading and writing at school.孩子们在学校学习阅读和写作。
  • He finds pleasure in reading.他从阅读中得到乐趣。
0 refined sChyK     
adj.精炼的;精制的;经过改良的;举止优雅的v.精炼( refine的过去式和过去分词);精制;使纯净;使文雅高尚
参考例句:
  • Much of the really nutritive material actually was refined out of food. 大部分真正有营养价值的物质实际上已从食物中提炼出来。 来自《简明英汉词典》
  • They refined gold out of the ore. 他们从矿石中提炼出黄金。 来自《简明英汉词典》
0 role 0XPx2     
n.角色;任务
参考例句:
  • My role has ended here.我的任务已经在这里结束。
  • Mini-computers are playing an important role in our lives.微型电脑在我们生活中扮演着重要的角色。
0 several STMzb     
adj.几个,若干,数个;各个的,各自的
参考例句:
  • Words often have several meanings.单词往往有若干个意思。
  • Several new members have come into the club since last year.自去年以来,又有些新成员加入了俱乐部。
0 significant lyhwH     
adj.相当数量的;意义重大的;意味深长的
参考例句:
  • Your success today may be significant for your whole future.你今天的成功对你的整个未来可能是重要的。
  • She cast him a significant smile.她向他投去意味深长的一笑。
0 society YwWwr     
n.社会;社团
参考例句:
  • He lived a hard life in the old society.他在旧社会日子过得很苦。
  • How many people are there in your society?你们社团有多少人?
0 sophisticated vimzWz     
adj.老练的,精密的,尖端的,高雅的
参考例句:
  • She has become very sophisticated since she went to live in London.移居伦敦后她变得世故多了。
  • This is a very sophisticated machine.这是一台非常精密的机器。
0 still CuMwK     
adj.静止的,寂静的;adv.还,仍然;更;安静地
参考例句:
  • I'm still not interested.我还是不感兴趣。
  • I still remember his face.我仍然记得他的面容。
0 tale 8qQw7     
n.故事,谎言,谣言,陈述,叙述
参考例句:
  • This tale is taken from real life.这个故事取材于现实生活。
  • This is a folk tale.这是一个民间传说。
0 turned e5412b8b872f9bbe68d8e825dd9f1d5c     
v.(使)转动( turn的过去式和过去分词 );旋转;(使)改变方向;(使)不适
参考例句:
  • He always plays his stereo with the bass turned right up. 他放立体声音响时总把低音调得很大。
  • His lawyer turned to address the bench. 他的律师转身对法官讲话。
0 used ajBwV     
adj.用旧了的,旧的;习惯于…;过去惯/经常
参考例句:
  • I used to work until nearly 6:00 o'clock each day.我过去常常工作到6:00左右。
  • He used to walk anywhere from two to five miles an hour.他过去经常一小时走二至五英里。
0 was bglwv     
v.(is,am的过去式)是,在
参考例句:
  • He said he was right.他说他是正确的。
  • He was cold and hungry.他又冷又饿。
0 women ffywf     
n.(woman的复数)妇女
参考例句:
  • Many women choose to go out to work.很多妇女选择了出去工作。
  • The women were discussing hats.女人们在谈论帽子。
0 world hfPw4     
n.世界
参考例句:
  • We have friends all over the world.我们的朋友遍天下。
  • Welcome to my small world.欢迎光临我的小天地。

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