纪录片《大英博物馆世界简史》 068湿婆与雪山女神像（2）
时间：2023-01-09 07:42:28
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（单词翻译）
This week we're looking at the world around seven hundred years ago, and how different religious traditions tried, through objects, to bring people directly into contact with the divine. In this programme we're in Orissa, a densely1 populated rice-producing state in north-east India, on the Bay of Bengal. Around 1300, it was a prosperous, sophisticated Hindu kingdom, which built thousands, literally2 thousands, of magnificent temples. This was the great period of Orissan religious architecture, and the buildings that were most admired were the ones that had the most extravagant3 ornamentation.
Most of these temples were dedicated4 to the god Shiva. For the people of Orissa, Shiva - one of the three central deities5 of Hinduism, the god of paradoxes6, the god who forever creates and destroys - was the lord of their land. In Shiva all opposites are reconciled, and this programme's object, a sculpture, comes from one of the many Orissa Shiva temples.
它来自印度东北部孟加拉湾的奥里萨邦，该邦人口稠密，盛产水稻。1300年前后，它是一个社会发达、经济繁荣的印度教小国，境内修建了数千座宏伟的寺庙。那是奥里萨宗教建筑的鼎盛时期，装饰花样越繁复精美越受人称道。寺庙中供奉最多的是湿婆神，因为对奥里萨人而言，湿婆是国家的保护神。他同时也是印度教三大主神之一，本身便充满矛盾，既负责创造，又热衷毁灭，是印度人家园的主宰。所有的矛盾都在他身上得以调和。
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