VOA新闻杂志2023 印度尼西亚的年轻人清理水道中的垃圾

（单词翻译）

印度尼西亚的年轻人清理水道中的垃圾

Children in the Indonesian city of Bogor are cleaning up a local lake on their own.

印度尼西亚茂物市的孩子们正在自己清理当地的一个湖泊。

The young people take small boats, called kayaks, out on the water.

这些孩子们乘坐一种叫做皮艇的小船去到湖面上。

They direct the kayaks toward floating trash.

他们把皮艇划向漂浮的垃圾。

They remove the trash from the water and place it in their boats.

他们捡起水中的垃圾，放在他们的船上。

Later, on land, all the trash is examined and dealt with.

之后，在陆地上，所有的垃圾都会被检查和处理。

About 20 children take part in the effort to fight pollution but it began with one boy.

大约有20个孩子参加了对抗污染的活动，但这项活动始于一个男孩。

Ten years ago, Giri Marhara decided¹ to start cleaning up the lake.

十年前，吉里·玛哈拉决定开始清理这片湖。

He was just 16 years old at the time and had a habit of cleaning up his environment.

当时他只有16岁，有清理环境的习惯。

Young people like Marhara have been at the front of environmental and climate change movements in recent years.

近年来，像玛哈拉这样的年轻人一直站在环境和气候变化运动的前沿。

Movements like school strikes for climate action, protests at United Nations climate talks, and local clean ups have often been youth-led.

诸如因气候行动而进行的学校罢工、联合国气候谈判过程中的抗议活动以及当地的污染治理等运动通常都是由年轻人领导的。

The small-scale campaigns in Indonesia have been popular with younger people, gaining support and attention.

印度尼西亚的小规模运动在年轻人中很受欢迎，获得了支持和关注。

"For me, cleaning up is catharsis, cleaning up is refreshing," said Marhara.

玛哈拉说：“对我来说，清理是一种精神宣泄方式，清理是一种使人精神振作的方式”。

He said children playing nearby would often ask if they could help him with lake clean up.

他说，在附近玩耍的孩子们经常会问他们是否可以帮他清理湖水。

They formed a group last year, called the Situ Gede Cleanliness Warrior², named after the lake.

他们去年成立了一个组织，名为“斯图格德清洁勇士”，以该湖的名字命名。

They boat across the lake, pick up trash, and identify what can be recycled.

他们划船穿越湖泊，捡垃圾，并确定哪些垃圾可以回收。

Marhara and his friends have collected more than 2,700 kilograms of trash in and around the Situ Gede lake.

玛哈拉和他的朋友们已经在斯图格德湖及其周围收集了2700多公斤垃圾。

The trash problem in Indonesia is widespread.

印尼的垃圾问题很普遍。

Its Environmental and Forestry³ Ministry⁴ says the country produced more than 35 million tons of waste last year.

印尼环境和林业部表示，该国去年产生了超过3500万吨的垃圾。

It estimates that 35 percent of waste in the country is unmanaged.

据估计，该国35%的垃圾是无人管理的。

Garbage along roadways, waterways and natural environments is a common sight.

道路、水道和自然环境沿线的垃圾随处可见。

Waste is also responsible for around 3 percent of global greenhouse gas emissions⁵, says the World Resources Institute.

世界资源研究所表示，全球3%左右的温室气体也是由垃圾排放的。

Much of that comes from food waste.

其中大部分来自食物垃圾。

If left to decompose⁶ in landfills, food waste can release methane⁷.

如果被留在垃圾填埋场分解，食物垃圾会释放出甲烷。

The gas warms the planet and is around 80 times stronger than carbon dioxide.

这种气体使地球变暖，其强度大约是二氧化碳的80倍。

The trash problem has raised health concerns: Plastic waste, for example, gets broken down into tiny pieces called microplastics, which can enter the human body.

垃圾问题引发了人们对健康的担忧：例如，塑料垃圾被分解成被称为微塑料的微小碎片，微塑料可能会进入人体。

Studies suggest it can damage the endocrine, nervous and immune systems, and can carry an increased risk of cancers.

研究表明，它会损害内分泌、神经和免疫系统，并可能会增加患癌症的风险。

There are alternatives to landfill or littering for some waste products: food waste can be composted, for example.

对于一些垃圾产品，除了填埋或乱扔之外，还有其他选择：例如，食物垃圾可以堆肥。

Some other types of waste, like certain types of plastic, can be reused or recycled.

其他一些类型的垃圾，如某些类型的塑料，可以重复使用或回收。

But environmentalists also say the world needs to make less waste in the first place, as much of it ends up in landfills or in the world's oceans.

但环保人士也表示，世界首先需要减少垃圾的产生，因为大部分垃圾最终会进入垃圾填埋场或海洋中。

But as waste continues, youth-led clean ups can still make an impact, even if it is just for small areas or communities.

但随着垃圾增多，年轻人领导的清理工作仍然可以产生影响，即使只是针对小地区或社区。

Marhara believes that lasting⁸ change will require ending "behavior that is causing trash to be out there in the environment," he said, saying the country has a "littering culture."

玛哈拉认为，要想实现持久的改变，就必须结束“在环境中产生垃圾的行为”。他说，这个国家有一种“乱扔垃圾的文化”。

"I think that the only way to counter that culture is by developing a counterculture," a clean up culture, he said.

他说，“我认为对抗这种文化的唯一方法是发展一种反主流文化，”一种清理文化。