VOA时事新闻2023 加沙卫生部统计的死亡人数可靠吗?

（单词翻译）

加沙卫生部统计的死亡人数可靠吗?

The Health Ministry¹ in Hamas-run Gaza said Monday that more than 10,000 Palestinians have died in the current conflict with Israel.

由哈马斯控制的加沙地带的卫生部星期一表示，在目前与以色列的冲突中，有1万多名巴勒斯坦人丧生。

The agency, however, does not differentiate² the number of deaths as civilians³ or combatants.

然而，该机构没有划分平民死亡人数和参战者死亡人数。

The conflict began after October 7, when Hamas militants⁴ attacked Israel.

这场冲突始于10月7日，当时哈马斯激进分子袭击了以色列。

They killed at least 1,400 Israelis, most of them civilians.

他们杀害了至少1400名以色列人，其中大多数是平民。

Hamas also kidnapped an estimated 240 people.

哈马斯还绑架了大约240人。

Israel has answered with airstrikes that it says target militants in the territory.

以色列以空袭作为回应，称空袭的目标是该地区的激进分子。

Last week, Israeli military forces entered northern Gaza intending to drive Hamas militants from power.

上周，以色列军队进入加沙北部，意图将哈马斯激进分子赶下台。

Experts expect the number of deaths will rise as street fighting starts in the heavily populated area.

专家预计，随着这个人口稠密地区爆发巷战，死亡人数将会上升。

Since foreign reporters and independent organizations are barred from Gaza, the Hamas-run Health Ministry is the only official source for casualties in the territory.

由于外国记者和独立组织被禁止进入加沙，哈马斯控制的卫生部是该地区伤亡人数的唯一官方来源。

The United Nations and other international organizations said the ministry has made a good-faith effort to count the number of deaths under difficult conditions.

联合国和其他国际组织表示，加沙卫生部在困难条件下为统计死亡人数真诚地付出了努力。

Michael Ryan of the World Health Organization said that the ministry's numbers might not be "perfectly⁵ accurate."

世界卫生组织的迈克尔·瑞安表示，加沙卫生部的数据可能并不“完全准确”。

But he added, "They largely reflect the level of death and injury."

但他补充说，“它们在很大程度上反映了死亡和受伤的程度。”

The recent explosion at al-Ahli Hospital in Gaza showed how difficult it was to estimate the cause and the number of deaths in the conflict.

最近在加沙阿赫利医院发生的爆炸事件表明，估计此次冲突的原因和死亡人数是多么困难。

Hamas militants blamed an Israeli airstrike for the explosion.

哈马斯激进分子将此次爆炸归咎于以色列的空袭。

Gaza's Health Ministry first reported 200 to 300 deaths in the explosion.

加沙卫生部最初报告称，此次爆炸造成200至300人死亡。

Half an hour later, the agency revised the number to 500.

半小时后，该机构将数字修改为500人。

The following day, it changed the number to 471.

第二天，该机构将数字改为471。

Israel, the United States and French officials, however, said the explosion was caused by a misfired rocket.

然而，以色列、美国和法国官员表示，爆炸是由一枚发射失败的火箭弹造成的。

And American intelligence estimates the number of deaths at the hospital parking area to have been between 100 and 300.

美国情报机构估计，医院停车场的死亡人数在100到300人之间。

The Health Ministry says it receives a flow of data from every hospital in the territory.

加沙卫生部表示，其收到了来自该地区每一家医院的数据流。

Hospital officials in Gaza told The Associated Press (AP) that they keep records of every wounded person and every dead.

加沙的医院官员告诉美联社，他们记录了每一名伤者和每一名死者。

And they enter the information in a computerized system shared with the ministry.

他们将信息输入到与加沙卫生部共享的计算机化系统中。

Ashraf al-Qidra is a spokesperson for the ministry.

阿什拉夫·齐德拉是加沙卫生部发言人。

He said when the flow of information is broken because of internet connection or electricity, the agency calls the hospitals to get numbers.

他说，当信息流因互联网连接或电力中断时，该机构会打电话给医院索要数据。

The agency also collects data from other sources, including the Palestinian Red Crescent.

该机构还从其他来源收集数据，包括巴勒斯坦红新月会。

Last week, the ministry released a 212-page report listing every Palestinian killed in the war so far, including their names, identification numbers, ages and gender⁶.

上周，加沙卫生部发布了一份长达212页的报告，列出了到目前为止在战争中丧生的每一名巴勒斯坦人，包括他们的姓名、身份证号、年龄和性别。

A copy of the report, shared with the AP, names 6,747 Palestinians and says an additional 281 bodies have not yet been identified.

与美联社分享的这份报告的副本中列出了6747名巴勒斯坦人的名字，并标注还有281具尸体的身份尚未确定。

The list does not say where a person was killed.

这份名单没有说明死者是在哪里被杀的。

It also does not differentiate between civilians and fighters or say how they were killed – whether from Israeli airstrikes or Palestinian rocket fire.

也没有区分平民和参战者，也没有说明他们是如何被杀死的——是死于以色列的空袭还是巴勒斯坦发射的火箭弹。

It describes all casualties as victims of "Israeli aggression⁷."

它将所有伤亡人员描述为“以色列侵略”的受害者。

Lt. Col. Richard Hecht is an Israeli military spokesman.

理查德·赫克特中校是以色列军方发言人。

He said of the report, "When the Hamas health agency comes out with the numbers, take it with a pinch of salt."

他在谈到这份报告时说，“当哈马斯卫生机构公布这些数字时，要对此持怀疑态度。”

In other words, he dismissed the report as something unlikely to be truthful⁸.

换句话说，他认为这份报告不太可能属实。

But he repeatedly refused to state the number of Palestinian deaths.

但他一再拒绝透露巴勒斯坦人的死亡人数。

International news agencies, humanitarian⁹ workers and rights groups have often used the ministry's numbers when an independent source is not available.

国际新闻机构、人道主义工作者和人权组织在无法获得独立消息来源的情况下经常使用加沙卫生部公布的数据。

"These figures are professionally done and have proven to be reliable," said Omar Shakir, Human Rights Watch's Israel and Palestine director.

人权观察组织的以色列和巴勒斯坦事务主任奥马尔·沙克尔说：“加沙卫生部使用专业方式统计出这些数据，事实证明这些数据是可靠的。”

He noted¹⁰ that the numbers do not differentiate between civilians' and fighters' deaths.

他指出，这些数据没有区分开平民死亡人数和参战者死亡人数。

After the conflict, the U.N. humanitarian office usually publishes final numbers on deaths based on its research into medical records.

在冲突结束后，联合国人道主义办公室通常会根据其对医疗记录的调查，公布最终的死亡人数。

In many cases, the U.N.'s counts have been fairly close to the Gaza Health Ministry's numbers.

在许多情况下，联合国统计的数据与加沙卫生部统计的数据非常接近。

After the 2008 war, the ministry reported 1,440 Palestinians killed; the U.N. reported 1,385.

在2008年的战争结束后，加沙卫生部报告称，有1440名巴勒斯坦人死亡；联合国报告称，有1385人死亡。

In the 2014 war, the ministry reported 2,310 Palestinians killed; the U.N. reported 2,251.

在2014年的战争中，加沙卫生部报告有2310名巴勒斯坦人死亡；联合国报告有2251人死亡。

And in the 2021 war, the ministry reported 260 Palestinians killed; the U.N. reported 256.

在2021年的战争中，加沙卫生部报告有260名巴勒斯坦人死亡；联合国报告有256人死亡。