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VOA科学技术2024--New Rice May Help Farmers in Japan Face Climate Change

时间：2025-01-09 02:07:46

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（单词翻译）

In the Japanese village of Kamimomi, a small group of farmers began gathering their rice in extreme heat, two weeks earlier than usual.

Kamimomi is in Japan's western Okayama prefecture. The area is called "the Land of Sunshine" because of its good weather. But farmers working in the mountainside rice fields say climate change is hurting the harvest of rice.

Joji Terasaka farms in Okayama. He said last year a hot period dried up the rice. He added, "I am worried about that this year because it will be just as hot."

This year Japan had its hottest July on record. The Japan weather agency said temperatures were 2.16 degrees Celsius higher than average. Worldwide, there has been a 1.2-degree Celsius rise in average temperature since 1850.

Scientists agreed that warming needs to be limited to 1.5 degrees Celsius to prevent the worst effects of climate change.

Last year, Japan had a poor rice harvest nationwide because of unusually hot weather.

Officials say the drop in harvest in Japan was partly responsible for a shortage of rice this summer. The low supply of rice in markets forced sellers to limit each buyer to one rice bag.

Yuji Masutomi is a researcher at the National Institute for Environmental Studies in Tsukuba, north of Tokyo. He said, "Perhaps people think that an increase of one degree Celsius in average temperature isn't much. But it's quite a big change for plants and crops."

Masutomi said the rising temperatures also hurt the quality of the grain. Last year, the farming ministry noted that at least one-fifth of rice farms have reported a drop in quality from rising temperatures. "Not only is the appearance not good; people say the taste drops too," Masutomi said.

Another problem the farmers in Kamimomi face is working under high heat. The average age of agricultural workers in Japan is nearly 69, among the oldest in the world. Older people are especially likely to suffer from the heat. For half of the year, farmers work in the heat to produce rice.

To deal with climate change, the government is urging the use of heat-resistant varieties of rice. One strain, developed by a research center near Tokyo, is called Sai no Kizuna.

Naoto Ohoka manages rice breeding at Saitama's Agricultural Technology Research Center. Ohoka said, "Last year and this year have been extremely hot, but even in those conditions, Sai no Kizuna maintained a certain level of quality."

Sai no Kizuna was developed in 2012 to better survive high heat, wind and certain pests and diseases. Masutomi recommends that similar varieties of rice should be introduced across Japan by the 2040s.

But it can take up to 10 years to develop a new strain. After it is approved for the market, farmers must then decide to grow it.

The most widely grown strain of rice is Koshihikari, which does not do well in high heat. Even so, older farmers have not always been willing to change to other varieties. Farming ministry data show that heat-resistant varieties grow in only around 15 percent of Japanese rice fields.

Words in This Story

prefecture - n. any one of the areas into which some countries (such as Japan and France) are divided for local government

variety - n. (biology) a kind of a living thing that is different from similar living things because of a genetic difference

strain - n. a group of closely related plants or animals

breed - v. to keep and take care of animals or plants in order to produce more animals or plants of a particular kind


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0 across JJGy1     
adv.横过，使...被理解(或接受)；prep.穿过，横过
参考例句：
  • He walked across the road carefully.他小心地过马路。
  • You can go across the bridge.你可以越过这座桥。
0 added mzJzm0     
adj.更多的，附加的，额外的
参考例句：
  • They have added a new scene at the beginning.在开头他们又增加了一场戏。
  • The pop music added to our enjoyment of the film.片中的流行音乐使我们对这部电影更加喜爱。
0 agency iKcy0     
n.经办；代理；代理处
参考例句：
  • This disease is spread through the agency of insects.这种疾病是通过昆虫媒介传播的。
  • He spoke in the person of Xinhua News Agency.他代表新华社讲话。
0 agreed uzCzba     
adj.同意的；接受的；经过协议的；双方共同议定的v.同意，赞同( agree的过去式和过去分词)；[语法学]（在性、数、人称或格方面）一致；相同；和睦相处
参考例句：
  • He finally agreed, albeit reluctantly, to help us. 尽管勉强，他最后还是同意帮助我们。
  • Both sides in the dispute have agreed to go to arbitration . 争执双方已同意提请仲裁。
0 agricultural XKqyJ     
adj.农业的；农艺的
参考例句：
  • He was trained for gardening at the Agricultural College.他在农业大学学园艺。
  • France once was an agricultural country.法国曾是个农业国。
0 also 5LHyk     
adv.也，亦；并且；同样；而且，还
参考例句：
  • I also like chocolate ice cream.我也喜欢吃巧克力冰淇淋。
  • People also like to have a Christmas tree in the living-room.人们同样喜欢在起居室内摆一棵圣诞树。
0 always uLSyb     
adv.总是，无例外地；永远，始终
参考例句：
  • The nurse is always full of thought for her patients.这名护士对病人总是关心备至。
  • You are always welcome here.在这儿你永远受欢迎。
0 among mLyyC     
prep.在…中间，在…之中(三者或三者以上)
参考例句：
  • You are only one among many who need help. 你不过是许多需要帮助的人之一。
  • He was among the last to leave.他是最后离开者之一。
0 animals animals     
n.动物( animal的名词复数 )；兽；兽性；粗野残暴的人
参考例句：
  • The time has come for action if these beautiful animals are to survive. 若要使这些美丽的动物能生存下去，现在就要行动起来。
  • All horses are animals, but not all animals are horses. 所有的马都是动物，但并不是所有的动物都是马。
0 another JMzyp     
adj.另外的，再一，不同的；prep.另外一个，另一个人，同类的东西；pron.另一个，另外一个人，他人
参考例句：
  • We waited on for another hour,but still she didn't come.我们又等了一个小时，但她仍然没来。
  • Another snowstorm hit north America.又一场暴风雪袭击了北美。
0 any rMyy5     
adj.任何的；所有的
参考例句：
  • I don't have any hobbies.我没有任何的爱好。
  • It isn't any use.它任何用途都没有。
0 appearance 2V7zL     
n.出现，露面；容貌
参考例句：
  • In appearance, he was a little like his father.他看起来有点像他的父亲。
  • She was a young woman of good appearance.她是一位年轻貌美的女子。
0 approved approved     
adj.经核准的，被认可的v.赞成，同意( approve的过去式和过去分词 )；批准；认可；核准
参考例句：
  • The proposal was approved by both the House and the Senate. 那项提案在众议院和参议院均获通过。 来自《简明英汉词典》
  • This report has been examined and approved by the leadership. 这份报告已经领导审批。 来自《现代汉英综合大词典》
0 area NN4y8     
n.地区，区域，面积，方面
参考例句：
  • John is the london area manager.约翰是伦敦地区经理。
  • The farm covers a large area.这农场面积很大。
0 areas 1d72d805cf9f7a4f75bf0d87e2de111a     
地区，区域(area 的复数形式)；面积；领域
参考例句：
  • to reduce the speed limit in built-up areas 在楼房林立的地区降低最高车速限制
  • the process of decontaminating areas exposed to radioactivity 清除受放射污染地区有害物质的过程
0 around xN9y0     
adv.大约，到处，在周围；prep.在...周围
参考例句：
  • It was dark around me.我周围一片黑暗。
  • Is there a shopping center around?这附近有没有购物中心？
0 as pNiyL     
conj.按照；如同
参考例句：
  • He got work in a hotel as a waiter.他在一家旅馆找到了当服务生的工作。
  • In the hotel,the old men were drinking away as usual.在旅馆里，这些老人和往常一样喝个不停。
0 average FPAyr     
n.平均数，平均水平；adj.一般的，通常的，平均的；v.取平均值，达到平均水平
参考例句：
  • He spends on the average two hours a day on reading.他平均每天用两小时读书。
  • The average flow of the river is 200 cubic metres per second.这条河平均流量为每秒二百立方米。
0 because EQXyl     
conj.由于，因为
参考例句：
  • Because his car is old.因为他的汽车旧了。
  • He was late because of an accident.他是因事故而迟到的。
0 better yoLyT     
adj.更好的(good和well的比较级)；更熟练的；好的；健康的； adv.更好地；更妥；更恰当
参考例句：
  • I know you better than him.我了解你胜过了解他。
  • She is better at singing.她更擅长于歌唱。
0 breed 8NTzT     
n.品种，种类；vi.繁殖，产仔；vt.养殖，产生
参考例句：
  • The parents are trying to breed their son a musician.这对父母尽力要把儿子培养成为音乐家。
  • This breed of horses is both tall and heavily grown.这种马既高且大。
0 breeding vxgz7p     
n.繁殖
参考例句：
  • the breeding of horses 马的饲养
  • This area of the city has become a breeding ground for violent crime. 这个市区已成为暴力犯罪的滋生地。
0 called 4f33252742282f871b0617168156fd55     
v.叫( call的过去式和过去分词 )；通电话；认为；估计
参考例句：
  • She sensed something was amiss and called the police. 她觉得有点不对头，就叫了警察。
  • I called several times, but only got the answering machine. 我打了几次电话，但只有电话答录机答话。
0 Celsius AXRzl     
adj.摄氏温度计的，摄氏的
参考例句：
  • The temperature tonight will fall to seven degrees Celsius.今晚气温将下降到七摄氏度。
  • The maximum temperature in July may be 36 degrees Celsius.七月份最高温度可能达到36摄氏度。
0 center FU5yk     
n.中心，中央；vi.居中；vt.使集中
参考例句：
  • The new sports center is a big success.新建的体育中心获得巨大成功。
  • Alice stood in the center of a large group.爱丽丝站在一大群人的中央。
0 certain HU2y8     
adj.一定的；pron.某几个，某些；肯定的，无疑的，必然发生的
参考例句：
  • She is certain to come.她一定会来的。
  • It's not at all certain whether I'll come tomorrow.我明天还不定来不来呢。
0 change 6U0yB     
n.变化；零钱；vt.改变；更换；vi.变化；更换
参考例句：
  • You should change an idea.你应该换个思路。
  • Shall we change seats?咱们要不要交换座位？
0 climate FWnyz     
n.气候，民意状况，社会趋势，风土
参考例句：
  • Some plants will not seed in a cold climate.有些植物在寒冷的气候条件下不能结果实。
  • They have decided to remove to a warm climate.他们已决定搬到一个气候温暖的地方居住。
0 closely XwNzIh     
adv.紧密地；严密地，密切地
参考例句：
  • We shall follow closely the development of the situation.我们将密切注意形势的发展。
  • The two companies are closely tied up with each other.这两家公司之间有密切联系。
0 conditions b5b399ec1fcfe753f58dbafa197efdc1     
n.（居住、工作或做事情的）环境；（影响某事发生的）物质环境；承保险别；条件( condition的名词复数 )；状况；健康状况；环境
参考例句：
  • The prisoners were living in appalling conditions. 囚犯的居住条件极为恶劣。
  • TV pictures showed the arctic conditions. 电视画面显示了严寒的环境。
0 countries 71bee43a7a930f904d6194833b9619c9     
n.国家( country的名词复数 )；国土；郊外；地区
参考例句：
  • A free trade agreement would be advantageous to both countries. 自由贸易协定对两国都会有利。
  • a comparative study of the educational systems of two countries 两国教育制度的比较研究
0 crops gvSzAB     
pl.农作物
参考例句：
  • Farmers are being encouraged to diversify into new crops. 目前正鼓励农民兼种新的农作物。
  • The crops will not grow on exposed hillsides. 在裸露的山坡上庄稼没法生长。
0 data 5yyxK     
n.数据，论据，资料
参考例句：
  • If you lose these data,I'll never forgive you.你要是把这些资料弄丢了，我可不依你。
  • The computer is useful in processing data.电子计算机在处理资料方面很有用。
0 deal dy8xT     
n.交易，协定，份量；v.(dealt,dealt[delt])处理，应付，分配
参考例句：
  • Be careful. She is very difficult to deal with.可得当心，她很难对付。
  • Deal with a man as he deals with you.以其人之道，还治其人之身。
0 decide wxbxo     
vi./vt.决定；下决心
参考例句：
  • It's a difficult question to decide.这是个难以决定的问题。
  • I can't decide which to choose.我无法决定要选哪一个。
0 degree cx3xN     
n.学位，等级，程度，度数
参考例句：
  • I got my degree last year.我去年获得学位了。
  • Do you know the degree of the round angle?你知道周角的度数吗？
0 degrees 18daee01fc6e54aacd7f4c2eef60ff4d     
n.度( degree的名词复数 )；程度；学位；（组织损伤的）深度
参考例句：
  • It will be a mild night, around nine degrees Celsius. 晚间天气温和，温度约九摄氏度。
  • a temperature of 40 degrees centigrade 40摄氏度的温度
0 develop 2vVx9     
v.发展；研制；开发
参考例句：
  • Plants develop from seeds.植物从种子长大。
  • We must develop the natural resources of our country.我们必须开发我们国家的天然资源。
0 developed iuuzlo     
adj.先进的；发达的（国家或地区）
参考例句：
  • financial aid to less developed countries 对欠发达国家的经济援助
  • We have developed rapid order processing to expedite deliveries to customers. 我们已创造了快速处理订单的方法以便迅速将货物送达顾客。
0 difference 0mTye     
n.不同；差异；区别
参考例句：
  • He doesn't know the difference between right and wrong.他是非不分。
  • The difference is so slight,that I can hardly see it.差别很小，我几乎看不出来。
0 different LmJyb     
adj.不同的，有区别的，不一致的
参考例句：
  • We are in different classes.我们在不同的班级。
  • I had a different idea.我有一个不同的主意。
0 diseases 5c749da591474dd5c2c7f1d77b874f5d     
n.疾病( disease的名词复数 )；弊端；恶疾；痼疾
参考例句：
  • Smoking is a causative factor in several major diseases. 抽烟是引起几种严重疾病的病因。
  • The illness frequently coexists with other chronic diseases. 这种病往往与其他慢性病同时存在。
0 divided skCzv     
adj.分离的，被分割的，分裂的v.分( divide的过去式和过去分词 )；划分；分离；（使）产生分歧
参考例句：
  • The organisms can be divided into discrete categories. 有机体可分为许多互不相联的种类。
  • The government is divided on this issue. 政府在这个问题上意见不统一。
0 dried Ku1zJ2     
adj.干燥的，干缩的v.变干，把…弄干(dry的过去式和过去分词)
参考例句：
  • The inquiry is by no means cut and dried. 调查之事远未盖棺定论。
  • a dried-up river bed 干涸的河床
0 drop 3rJxl     
v.掉下；落下；n.滴；水滴
参考例句：
  • There's not a drop left.一滴也不剩。
  • Don't drop your chopsticks.不要让筷子掉到地上。
0 drops 8459e2a2318870facfc5cf56049ed3d3     
v.（使）落下( drop的第三人称单数 )；投下；（使）降低；减少n.滴剂；滴，少量(drop的复数形式)
参考例句：
  • He tasted different kinds of spirituous liquors in drops. 他把不同的酒都呷一口品尝一下。 来自《简明英汉词典》
  • As the river drops from the plateau, it forms great waterfalls. 河水从高原上下落时，形成了巨大的瀑布。 来自《现代汉英综合大词典》
0 each yrNxG     
adj.每个，每，每一；adv.每个；int.每个，个人，个自
参考例句：
  • Each boy has a textbook.每个男孩都有课本。
  • Each child brought a little present to the mother.每个孩子给母亲带来一件小礼物。
0 earlier uuzzSC     
adj.早期的，初期的adv.早期（地），初期（地）
参考例句：
  • The basic design of the car is very similar to that of earlier models. 这种汽车的基本设计与早期的样式非常相似。
  • The earlier protests had just been dress rehearsals for full-scale revolution. 早期的抗议仅仅是大革命开始前的预演。
0 effects OuYzXG     
n.动产，财物，家财；结果( effect的名词复数 )；效果；感受；个人财产
参考例句：
  • the accumulative effects of pollution 污染的累积效应
  • I was a little apprehensive about the effects of what I had said. 我有点担忧我说的话的后果。
0 environmental joQx9     
adj.环境的
参考例句：
  • A global environmental meeting is going to be held here.一个全球环境会议将在这里举行。
  • We need to cure our environmental problems.我们需要解决环境问题。
0 especially inCxy     
adv.特别，尤其，格外；专门地，主要地
参考例句：
  • I like to swim,especially in the sea.我喜欢游泳，尤其喜欢在大海中游泳。
  • I am especially by math problems.我对数学问题特别感兴趣。
0 even EiUzR     
adj.平坦的，偶数的，相等的；adv.甚至，恰好，正当
参考例句：
  • It was cold yesterday,but it's even colder today. 昨天冷，今天更冷了。
  • He's the best teacher even though he has the least experience.尽管他经验最少，但教得最好。
0 extreme ylKyp     
adj.末端的，尽头的；极度的，极端的；n.极度，最大程度
参考例句：
  • She lived on the extreme edge of the forest.她住在森林的最边缘。
  • His views are rather extreme.他的见解相当偏激。
0 extremely 2tJzAz     
adv.极其，非常，极度
参考例句：
  • The film is extremely good,I just cannot miss it.这部电影太精彩了，我非看不可。
  • The old man was extremely difficult to get along with.这个老人极难相与。
0 farmers 18fa3b09cc4b1e9819621b16ab9cebeb     
n.农场主，农民( farmer的名词复数 )
参考例句：
  • Water allotments to farmers were cut back in the drought. 在干旱时期配给农民的水量减少。
  • Farmers are being encouraged to diversify into new crops. 目前正鼓励农民兼种新的农作物。
0 farming ituzIo     
n.农事；耕作
参考例句：
  • He lives by farming.他靠务农过活。
  • He is farming in Africa.他在非洲经营农场。
0 farms 816c7e6bffc9b1fb09beb28f420fde6f     
n.农田( farm的名词复数 )；农场；饲养场；农舍
参考例句：
  • On farms the fox is considered vermin and treated as such. 在农场里狐狸被当成有害动物来对待。
  • On big farms cattle are usually stamped with brands. 在大农场，牲畜通常是打烙印的。 来自《现代汉英综合大词典》
0 fields d05b6ed7d2345020440df396d6da7f73     
n.田( field的名词复数 )；（作某种用途的）场地；（学习或研究的）领域；运动场
参考例句：
  • The only access to the farmhouse is across the fields. 去那农舍的唯一通路是穿过田野。
  • We had to make a detour around the flooded fields. 我们只得绕道避开被洪水淹没的田野。
0 forced ts1zkC     
adj.被迫的；强迫的v.强制(force的过去式和过去分词)
参考例句：
  • The protests have forced the government to back-pedal on the new tax. 抗议活动已迫使政府撤销新的税目。
  • The beleaguered party leader was forced to resign. 那位饱受指责的政党领导人被迫辞职。
0 gathering ChmxZ     
n.集会，聚会，聚集
参考例句：
  • He called on Mr. White to speak at the gathering.他请怀特先生在集会上讲话。
  • He is on the wing gathering material for his novels.他正忙于为他的小说收集资料。
0 genetic PgIxp     
adj.遗传的，遗传学的
参考例句：
  • It's very difficult to treat genetic diseases.遗传性疾病治疗起来很困难。
  • Each daughter cell can receive a full complement of the genetic information.每个子细胞可以收到遗传信息的一个完全补偿物。
0 government 0f3xf     
n.政府，当局，行政管理机构
参考例句：
  • Tom works for the government.汤姆为政府机关做事。
  • The new government will come into power next month.新政府将在下月开始执政。
0 grain A6HyM     
n.谷物，粮食；颗，粒；些微，一点儿；纹理；脾气，特性
参考例句：
  • Grain output reached a new high in the three years.谷物产量达到三年中最高水平。
  • We ship grain to Africa.我们把谷物运往非洲。
0 group 2f1xY     
n.小组，这里指演出流行一组演员
参考例句：
  • Have you joined the computer group?你加入电脑小组了吗？
  • Who is the head of your group?谁是你们组的头?
0 grow lyqyr     
v.生长，成长；渐渐变成；栽培，种植；发展
参考例句：
  • Plants can not grow without air.植物没有空气不能生长。
  • She had watched me grow from childhood.她是看我长大的。
0 grown jrCzmF     
adj.成年的，成熟的；被…长满的；栽培的v.种植(grow的过去分词)；生长，变成
参考例句：
  • Over the years, I have grown quite fond of her. 经过这么多年，我越来越喜欢她了。
  • It's pathetic that grown men have to resort to violence like this. 成年人还得这样诉诸暴力，真可悲。
0 had FeBxb     
vbl.have的过去式和过去分词；conj.有
参考例句：
  • I just had a good idea!我有个好主意！
  • The boy had a small branch of a tree in his hand.这个男孩手上拿一条小树枝。
0 half LemzT     
n./adj.半，一半，半个
参考例句：
  • Half of six is three.六的一半是三。
  • Half of the students go to school early.一半的学生上学早。
0 harvest EeDxS     
n.收获，收成，结果，成果；v.收获，收割
参考例句：
  • There was a good harvest that year.那一年收成好。
  • The autumn harvest is about to start.秋收即将开始。
0 heat pdVxo     
n.热，热度，高潮；vi.加热；激昂；发热；vt.把…加热；使激动
参考例句：
  • I can not stand great heat.我受不住高温。
  • He hit his son in the heat of the moment.盛怒中他打了儿子。
0 high hddxQ     
adj.高的，高度的，高级的，高尚的；adv.高高地
参考例句：
  • How high are we flying?我们飞行高度是多少？
  • How high is the mountain?这山有多高？
0 higher srzzNk     
adj.高高的；高级的；上级的；高等的；高的( high的比较级 )；高尚的；高地的；高级的
参考例句：
  • a promise to broaden access to higher education 拓宽高等教育渠道的承诺
  • a BTEC Higher National Diploma in Public Service Studies BTEC公共服务科高等国家证书
0 hot ucDxE     
adj.热的，炎热的
参考例句：
  • I am hot and thirsty!我又热又渴！
  • It is usually hot in summer.夏天天气通常是热的。
0 hottest cqlzyp     
adj.热的，热烈的；热的( hot的最高级 )；辣的；音乐；重视
参考例句：
  • This has been the hottest summer within my memory. 就我所记得的，这是最热的一个夏天。 来自《现代英汉综合大词典》
  • One of the hottest areas of nanoresearch4 is better drug delivery. 纳米技术研究的一个最热门领域是更好的给药方式。 来自英汉非文学 - 生命科学 - 回顾与展望
0 hurt dyEyC     
vt.剌痛，危害，损害，伤痛
参考例句：
  • That will hurt her feelings.那会伤害她的感情。
  • I hurt my left foot.我左脚受了伤。
0 hurting a7ea886ca6dcfc44c7c227ce77d1988d     
v.弄痛( hurt的现在分词 )；使受伤；使伤心；使受皮肉之苦
参考例句：
  • How can I atone for hurting your feelings? 我伤害了你的感情，该怎样来弥补我的过错呢？ 来自《现代英汉综合大词典》
  • He squeezed very hard, hurting her and making her beg for mercy. “你胖得像肥猪，”他以厌恶的语气说。 来自教父部分
0 increase 48Ox9     
n.增加，增强，提高；v.增加，提高
参考例句：
  • The increase has now slowed down.增长的速度现已减缓。
  • We had better increase the amount.我们最好把数量再增加一些。
0 institute tRhzw     
n.学会，协会；讲习会，讲座；vt.建立，设立；开始
参考例句：
  • He thought of trying for a position in a research institute.他想方设法在一个研究机关找个工作。
  • He gave a talk to the Women's Institute on his travels in Asia.他就他的亚洲之旅为妇女协会做了非正式演讲。
0 introduced 2c185ef9194cb7892357f36e8f4c4b94     
adj.[医]引种的，引进的v.提出( introduce的过去式和过去分词 )；介绍；引进；作为…的开头
参考例句：
  • There are bound to be changes when the new system is introduced. 引进新系统后一定会发生变化。
  • Ian, our host, introduced us to the other guests. 主人伊恩把我们介绍给了其他客人。
0 it's MqtzUn     
(=it is；it has)
参考例句：
  • In "It's a bloody miracle!", "bloody" is used as an intensive word. 在“It‘s a bloody miracle！”一句中，bloody是用作加强语气的词。
  • According to Mick, it's a great movie. 据米克说，这是一部了不起的电影。
0 Japan a3Vxm     
n.日本，日本国
参考例句：
  • She is in Japan now.她现在正在日本。
  • Japan lies to the east of China.日本在中国之东.
0 Japanese W3vxm     
n.日本人；日语；日文；adj.日本的；日本语的
参考例句：
  • This is of Japanese make.这是日本制造的。
  • He began to learn Japanese three years ago.3年前他开始学日语。
0 July X3zxG     
n.七月
参考例句：
  • I was born on the fourth of July.我生于七月四日。
  • We usually go on holiday in July.我们通常七月份度假。
0 just M3rxN     
adv.仅仅，只是；刚刚
参考例句：
  • He is just a child.他只是个孩子。
  • We just missed the train.我们正好没有赶上火车。
0 land o28xD     
n.陆地，国土，土地；v.登陆，登岸，卸货
参考例句：
  • Farmers work on the land.农民在土地上干活。
  • How long is it before we land?我们还有多长时间降落？
0 least A1Uxn     
adj.最小(少)的；adv.最少(小；不)；n.最小(少)
参考例句：
  • He spends at least a part of his time in reading. 他至少有一部分空闲时间看书。
  • The trip will take ten days,at least.这趟旅行顶少得10天时间。
0 level 31Ox0     
n.水平，水准，标准；adj.同高的，平坦的，齐平的；v.弄平，瞄准，对准
参考例句：
  • Our level is very low.我们的水平很低。
  • The water level has been raised by 1.1 metres.水位提高了1.1米。
0 likely W1VxW     
adj.有可能的，合适的，前途有望的；adv.或许，可能
参考例句：
  • Look at the sky.It's most likely going to rain.瞧！这天多半要下雨。
  • It's so cloudy and cold that it's likely to snow.天气又阴又冷，大半要下雪。
0 limit P0Yxy     
vt.限制；限定；n.界限；限度
参考例句：
  • We must limit our spending.我们必须限制我们的开支。
  • The speed limit is 120 kilometers per hour.速度限定是120公里每小时。
0 limited lpqzRf     
adj.有限制的，有限的，少的；n.高级快车
参考例句：
  • He limited each person to one cup of tea.他限制每人只喝一杯茶。
  • Since time is limited,I'll have to stop here.由于时间关系，就谈到这里吧。
0 living bpPzW0     
adj.活的，活着的，现存的；逼真的，一模一样的；生活的，维持生活的；n.生活，生计
参考例句：
  • Nowadays it is very easy to earn a living.现今谋生很容易。
  • I'll never forget that as long as I am living.这事我至死也不会忘记。
0 local 2xhyZ     
adj.地方性的，当地的，局部的；乡土的；本地的；n.当地居民，本地新闻
参考例句：
  • She is a local girl.她是个本地姑娘。
  • He reports for a local newspaper.他担任一家地方报纸的记者。
0 low sAYxw     
aaj.低，矮；低级的，下层的，卑贱的；低声的
参考例句：
  • Your price is too low.你们的价格太低。
  • This is a small and low house.这是一个小而低矮的房子。
0 maintained 3a107502cc886dfff455b3d2cd86381d     
保持( maintain的过去式和过去分词 )； 保养； 坚持； 保卫
参考例句：
  • He maintained a professional demeanour throughout. 他始终保持着专业人才的风度。
  • Throughout his trial he maintained a dignified silence. 在整个审讯过程中，他始终沉默以保持尊严。
0 manages 0218a4aa5df8642aed9e3e4c55d84a57     
v.使用( manage的第三人称单数 )；完成（困难的事）；经营；明智地使用（金钱、时间、信息等）
参考例句：
  • Somehow he always manages to outwit his opponents. 他反正总能设法智胜对手。
  • The three-man board manages its business with care and dispatch. 这个三人董事会办事细心、麻利。 来自《简明英汉词典》
0 market rBNxd     
n.市场；集市
参考例句：
  • The next market is on the 15th.下一次集市是15号。
  • There is no market for these goods.这些货物，没有销路。
0 markets cabb7e7072f1b0be286e1f8df97f7609     
n.交易( market的名词复数 )；市集；需求；交易情况v.在市场上出售某物( market的第三人称单数 )；推销；去市场买东西
参考例句：
  • It set off a chain reaction in the international money markets. 这一事件在国际金融市场上引起了连锁反应。
  • Crowded markets are a happy hunting ground for pickpockets. 拥挤的市场是扒手大展身手的好地方。
0 ministry kD5x2     
n.(政府的)部；牧师
参考例句：
  • They sent a deputation to the ministry to complain.他们派了一个代表团到部里投诉。
  • We probed the Air Ministry statements.我们调查了空军部的记录。
0 most 9nczju     
adj.最多的（many，much的最高级）
参考例句：
  • Most students like pop songs.大多数学生喜欢流行歌曲。
  • Math is the most difficult.数学是最难的。
0 national 0FBxW     
adj.国家的，民族的；n.国民
参考例句：
  • In our country new year's day is a national holiday.在我国，元旦是全国性的假日。
  • Tomorrow is a national holiday.明天是全国性节日。
0 nationwide KnEz1E     
adj./adv.遍及全国的(地)；全国性的(地)
参考例句：
  • The price of gasoline continues to drop nationwide.全国范围内汽油价格持续下跌。
  • A nationwide good harvest soon brought down the price of rice.全国性的大丰收很快使米价回跌了。
0 near 3GRxr     
prep.在…附近；靠近
参考例句：
  • Is her school near her home?她的学校靠近她家吗？
  • The zoo is near the school.动物园离学校很近。
0 nearly 5Gtxq     
adv.将近，几乎，差不多
参考例句：
  • I nearly missed the bus.我险些错过了公交车。
  • It is nearly two years since I came here.我来这儿快两年了。
0 needs znUzC6     
adv.必需，一定，务必
参考例句：
  • She wasn't yet attuned to her baby's needs. 她还没有熟悉她宝宝的需要。
  • Your hair needs a good comb. 你的头发得好好梳理一下。
0 north wHSxf     
n./adj.北；北方（的）
参考例句：
  • I'm from the north of China.我来自中国的北方。
  • Canada lies to the north of the United States.加拿大在美国的北面。
0 noted 5n4zXc     
adj.著名的，知名的
参考例句：
  • The local hotel is noted for its good table.当地的那家酒店以餐食精美而著称。
  • Jim is noted for arriving late for work.吉姆上班迟到出了名。
0 officials e71db1255850dd6940fc8111fd8c69f0     
n.行政官员( official的名词复数 )
参考例句：
  • corrupt officials accepting bribes 接受贿赂的贪官污吏
  • Officials are laying the groundwork for a summit conference of world leaders. 官员们正在为世界首脑峰会做准备工作。
0 only bIzxE     
adv.仅仅，只不过；adj.唯一的；conj.可是，不过
参考例句：
  • We have only one earth.我们只有一个地球。
  • I only found it by accident.我只是碰巧找到的。
0 people XMuxp     
n.人们，人；（the-）人民；一国人民，民族
参考例句：
  • Young people like popular music.年轻人喜欢流行音乐。
  • There are more than five billion people on earth.地球上有50多亿人口。
0 percent 3MSxl     
adj./adv.百分之一，(与基数词连用)百分之...；n.百分之...
参考例句：
  • The goal was missed by less than one percent.差不到百分之一就完成目标了。
  • Forty percent of her money is spent on books.她把百分之四十的钱用来买书。
0 perhaps wM0x5     
adv.也许，可能
参考例句：
  • Perhaps it will rain in the afternoon.下午可能有雨。
  • Perhaps I can help you.也许我能帮帮你的忙吧。
0 period vMNx3     
n.学时，课时；一段时间，时期，周期；句点
参考例句：
  • Trade is always good over the Christmas period.圣诞节期间生意一向很好。
  • He nursed the company through a difficult period.他帮助公司渡过了一段困难时期。
0 pests 6bcd39bd18f253bd7a61398a3664b743     
有害的人或物( pest的名词复数 )； 害虫； 害兽； 害鸟
参考例句：
  • Rodents carry diseases and are generally regarded as pests. 啮齿目动物传播疾病，常被当作害虫对待。
  • The whole community turned out to wipe out the four pests. 全体居民出动除四害。
0 plants b946a84bf889cc250531332b85fd6544     
n.(plural form of plant,plant的复数形式)植物，农作物；植物( plant的名词复数 )；工厂；发电厂；幼苗v.种植( plant的第三人称单数 )；建立；移植（动物、植物）；在（某处）栽种
参考例句：
  • Tropical rainforests have the most varied assemblage of plants in the world. 热带雨林集聚了世界上种类最繁多的植物。
  • organic detritus from fish and plants 鱼和植物的有机残渣
0 poor 1OXxS     
adj.贫穷的；可怜的
参考例句：
  • He is poor but honest.他虽穷但诚实。
  • All the village are very poor.全村村民都很贫穷。
0 prevent YQLxg     
v.预防，防止
参考例句：
  • Nobody can prevent our getting married.谁也阻止不了我们结婚。
  • My only idea was to prevent the woman from speaking.我唯一的想法就是不让那女人讲话。
0 problem hQaxH     
n.问题；难题
参考例句：
  • The problem is ongoing.这个问题尚未解决。
  • This problem is too hard for me to solve.这个问题太难，我解决不了。
0 produce kQkxQ     
n.产品，农作物；vt.生产，提出，引起，分娩，制片；vi.生产，制造
参考例句：
  • We expect writers to produce more and better works.我们期望作家们写出更多更好的作品。
  • The company markets its new produce.该公司出售它的新产品。
0 quality fCIyh     
n.品质，特性，才能，质量；adj.优质的
参考例句：
  • Honesty is his best quality.正直是他最好的品质。
  • We provide high quality goods.我们提供高质量产品。
0 quite Z0qzV     
adv.完全，十分
参考例句：
  • I find English quite difficult.我发现英语相当难。
  • The bottle is quite empty.这瓶子完全空了。
0 recommends 339dfef8b0aee16eb7135fccb80f3116     
v.托( recommend的第三人称单数 )；推荐；劝告；使显得吸引人
参考例句：
  • He recommends wearing safety equipment. 他建议佩戴安全装备。 来自《简明英汉词典》
  • Toyota recommends making a quick check of the PCV valve. 丰田汽车公司建议进行PCV阀的快速检查。 来自辞典例句
0 record oUwxa     
n.记录，唱片；v.记录，记载
参考例句：
  • She broke the former record.她打破以前的记录。
  • All the important events are on record.重大事件都有记载。
0 related vkGzSv     
adj.有关系的，有关联的，叙述的，讲述的
参考例句：
  • I am not related to him in any way.我和他无任何关系。
  • We spent days going through all related reference material.我们花了好多天功夫查阅所有有关的参考资料。
0 reported 2kLzWG     
adj.据报告的，据报导的，据传闻的
参考例句：
  • Ten new cases of bird flu were reported yesterday. 昨天新增十例禽流感病例报告。
  • Renewed fighting has been reported on the border. 据报道，在边境地区战火重燃。
0 research SWuxr     
n.探索；调查；研究 vt./vi.调查；研究
参考例句：
  • Research has shown that women live longer than men.调查表明女性比男性寿命长。
  • The research group is ready to start its work.这个研究小组已准备好随时开始工作。
0 researcher KkNzX4     
n.研究员
参考例句：
  • First,he had to establish his credentials as a researcher.首先，他得证明自己做调查员的资格。
  • It was an unexpected turn for a researcher.对于一个学术研究者来说，这是一个出乎意料的转机。
0 responsible LWGx7     
adj.有责任的，应负责的；可靠的，可信赖的；责任重大的；vi.休息，睡；静止，停止
参考例句：
  • He must be responsible to me for this matter.这件事他必须对我负责。
  • The police are responsible for the preservation of law and order.警察负责维持法律与秩序。
0 rise xCizr     
v.(rose,risen)上升；升起；起床；起立
参考例句：
  • The sun rises.太阳升起来。
  • I always rise with the bell.我总是听到铃声就起床。
0 rising 637aa1a3f3fe939460e3e6126a3cb76a     
adj.上升的；升起的；增大的；成长中的adv.（年龄）接近，（数量）多于n.隆起；起义；叛乱v.起义( rise的现在分词 )；升起；（数量）增加；休会
参考例句：
  • Note the rising and falling tones. 注意“rising”和“falling”的音调。 来自超越目标英语 第3册
  • Early warnings of rising water levels prevented another major catastrophe. 提前发出的洪水水位上涨警报防止了又一次的重大灾害。
0 said IYtxh     
v.动词say的过去式、过去分词
参考例句：
  • He said to me that he could not come.他对我说他不能来。
  • He said to his mother that he would do it by himself.他对他的母亲说他将自己独立做那件事。
0 scientists 0d40887127bee8f7731f5c4f95eb5331     
n.科学家( scientist的名词复数 )
参考例句：
  • Scientists have established a connection between cholesterol levels and heart disease. 科学家已证实胆固醇含量与心脏病之间有关联。
  • Scientists disagree about how the universe was created. 科学家对宇宙是怎样形成的有分歧。
0 sellers d396cebb1f0e0c0f7cee9aead79c553e     
n.卖者( seller的名词复数 )；卖方；销售者；销售商
参考例句：
  • buyers and sellers transacting business 进行交易的买方和卖方
  • All manner of hawkers and street sellers were plying their trade. 形形色色的沿街小贩都在做着自己的买卖。 来自《简明英汉词典》
0 shortage 1yrwh     
n.缺少，缺乏，不足
参考例句：
  • The city is suffering a desperate shortage of water.这个城市严重缺水。
  • The heart of the problem is a shortage of funds.问题的关键是缺乏经费。
0 show KyYwa     
v.出示；告知；n.展览（会）；演出，节目
参考例句：
  • Please show me your card.请出示你的卡片。
  • Have you seen the show?你看演出了没？
0 similar oyPwO     
adj.类似的；同样的
参考例句：
  • The two boys look very similar.这两个孩子看上去很相似。
  • A cat is similar to a tiger in many respects.猫和虎在很多方面相似。
0 since syswX     
adv.后来；conj.既然，因为，自从；prep.自从
参考例句：
  • He's been working in a bank since leaving school.自从毕业后，他就一直在一家银行工作。
  • I have known him ever since I was a child.我自孩提时代起就已经认识他了。
0 strain iGRzG     
n.紧张，拉紧，血统；v.劳累，拉紧，过份使用
参考例句：
  • Strain the fat off before you serve the soup.在上汤前把里面的油滤掉。
  • He had a muscular strain.他肌肉过劳。
0 studies ahwzDQ     
n.研究；书房( study的名词复数 )；研究论文v.学习，研究( study的第三人称单数 )；想出；详细地检查；背诵（台词等）
参考例句：
  • a BTEC Higher National Diploma in Public Service Studies BTEC公共服务科高等国家证书
  • a degree in business studies 企业管理学位
0 suffer KHszo     
vi./vt.遭受；忍受；经历
参考例句：
  • She couldn't bear to see others suffer.她不忍看见别人受苦。
  • Kings go mad and the people suffer for it.〔谚语〕国王发狂，百姓遭殃。
0 summer bsiwI     
n.夏天，夏季
参考例句：
  • He enjoys swimming in summer.他喜欢在夏季游泳。
  • We wear sandals in summer.我们在夏天穿凉鞋。
0 sunshine vsdwO     
n.日光，阳光
参考例句：
  • She sat in the warm sunshine.她坐在暖和的阳光下。
  • What bright sunshine it is!多么明亮的阳光呀！
0 supply ThyzTI     
n.补给，供给，供应品；vt.补给，供给，提供，补充；vi.替代
参考例句：
  • The shop was unable to supply what she wanted.这商店不能供应她所需要的商品。
  • We can supply the goods from our main store.这些货我们可以由总店供应。
0 survive KrSw9     
vt.幸免于；从…中生还；vi.幸存
参考例句：
  • I didn't know whether I could survive.我不知道我能否幸存下来。
  • I cannot survive without you.没有你我不能幸存。
0 taste PqDwI     
n.味道；v.尝起来
参考例句：
  • People buy them because they like the taste.人们因为喜欢它们的味道而购买。
  • Now how does it taste?现在尝起来怎么样？
0 technology kpfwz     
n.技术，工艺(学)
参考例句：
  • There is a series of science and technology on the desk.桌子上放着一套科技丛书。
  • Many people call the age we live in the age of technology.许多人把我们所处的时代称为技术时代。
0 temperature AILzd     
n.温度
参考例句：
  • The temperature is very low.温度非常低。
  • The temperature is going up.气温正逐渐上升。
0 temperatures 37de8c36dbc6f937afe3c74b1f93fd21     
n.温度( temperature的名词复数 )；气温；高烧；发烧
参考例句：
  • High temperatures can cause hallucination. 高烧可使人产生幻觉。
  • The materials used have to be able to withstand high temperatures. 所使用的材料必须能够耐高温。
0 thing eq7yH     
n.事物，东西，物，用品；事，事件，情况；行为；特征
参考例句：
  • All work and no play isn't a good thing.只工作不玩耍不是件好事。
  • For one thing there isn't time, for another we haven't enough money.首先我们没有时间，其次我们没有足够的钱。
0 things e64c3132023b29762b354a750b474c53     
n.（个人的）用品；需要的东西；生物；事实；物（ thing的名词复数 ）
参考例句：
  • Things ain't what they used to be. 现在情况不比从前了。
  • Things have been going badly . 事情进展得不顺利。
0 Tokyo Bg1zKE     
n.东京（日本首都）
参考例句：
  • Tokyo is the capital city of Japan.东京是日本的首都。
  • Is this plane for Tokyo?这架飞机到东京吗？
0 unusually 6fEzGV     
adv.非常；不寻常地，异乎寻常地；显著地；出奇
参考例句：
  • unusually high levels of radiation 超高的辐射强度
  • The unusually heavy rainfall was an ill omen for the travellers. 异乎寻常的大雨是旅行者的不祥之兆。 来自《简明英汉词典》
0 urging 3dfa730978149da3c02a3f988965cdc5     
v.力劝( urge的现在分词 )；强烈要求；推进；驱策
参考例句：
  • The government issued a statement urging the public to cooperate in this inquiry. 政府发表声明要公众对这项调查给予合作。 来自《简明英汉词典》
  • President Kao, what are you urging him to'speak up' for? 高校长，你有何必来助兴呢？ 来自汉英文学 - 围城
0 use Yj4wU     
v.使用；n.用途，利用
参考例句：
  • Do you often use it?你经常用它吗？
  • What use does it have?它有什么用途？
0 usual OUDzP     
adj.通常的；平常的
参考例句：
  • I got up at six that morning as usual.像往常一样那天早上我六点起床。
  • It's usual to have a holiday in summer.夏天休假是惯例。
0 varieties 1a1d4cb0fac4d95fee0529a5f42bc6fe     
n.种种( variety的名词复数 )；品种；变化；（基于遗传差异的）变种
参考例句：
  • It's difficult to differentiate between the two varieties. 这两个品种很难辨别。
  • There are different varieties of plants in the garden. 花园里有各种各样的植物。 来自《简明英汉词典》
0 variety fifw8     
n.（不可数）多种多样，各种不同的；（可数）种类
参考例句：
  • The variety of goods in this shop is rich.这家商店货物品种丰富。
  • This variety of dog is very useful for hunting.这种狗对狩猎很有用。
0 village 9hDwq     
n.乡村，村庄
参考例句：
  • The village used to be poor.这个村庄过去很穷。
  • We really enjoy village life.我们真的很喜欢乡村生活。
0 warming Reszkj     
adj.（比赛前的）准备动作的，热身的n.加温，升温v.（使）变暖，被加热，暖和起来( warm的现在分词 )；（使）变得更友好，变得更可爱
参考例句：
  • She is a skeptic about the dangers of global warming. 她是全球变暖危险的怀疑论者。 来自《简明英汉词典》
  • He's just warming over ideas he's heard from other people. 他只是在重复从别人那儿听到的想法罢了。 来自《简明英汉词典》
0 was bglwv     
v.(is,am的过去式)是，在
参考例句：
  • He said he was right.他说他是正确的。
  • He was cold and hungry.他又冷又饿。
0 weather gM8zg     
n.天气，气候，气象；经历...而幸存
参考例句：
  • Do you like hot weather?你喜欢热天气吗？
  • The weather changes with seasons.气候随着季节而变化。
0 weeks ae60f11ab51860bdb22794a943335a34     
n.一星期，周( week的名词复数 )；工作周（一个星期中的工作时间）
参考例句：
  • We spent three blissful weeks away from work. 我们无忧无虑地度了三个星期的假。
  • In some cases people have had to wait several weeks for an appointment. 在某些情况下，人们必须等上好几周才能得到约见。
0 western 2gKw4     
n.西方人；西部片；西部小说；adj.西方的，西洋的，西部的
参考例句：
  • He is wearing a western style suit.他穿着一套西式服装。
  • He lives at the western end of the village.他家住在村子尽西头。
0 willing 1gwwV     
adj.愿意的，自愿的，乐意的，心甘情愿的
参考例句：
  • We never lack food and clothing if we're willing to work.如果我们愿意工作,就不会缺吃少穿。
  • He's quite willing to pay the price I ask.他很愿意照我的要价付钱。
0 wind 5gewX     
n.风；v.绕，缠；上发条，旋紧
参考例句：
  • The wind is so light.风很轻。
  • The wind is too strong.风太大了。
0 words se0zHk     
n.字( word的名词复数 )；（说的）话；诺言；口令
参考例句：
  • What were his actual words? 他的原话是什么？
  • Single words are the building blocks of language. 单词是语言结构的基本单位。
0 work OoOyu     
n.工作，劳动
参考例句：
  • We all work hard.我们都努力工作。
  • Her work is to take care of the children.她的工作是照料好孩子。
0 workers a06be211ee1b949b0dc8cef92a4373a9     
n.员工( worker的名词复数 )；工作的人；工蜂；努力工作的人
参考例句：
  • Older workers can be as adaptable and quick to learn as anyone else. 较年长的工人的适应能力和学习速度有时并不亚于其他任何人。
  • workers on the assembly line 装配线上的工人
0 working KeCzHO     
adj.（涉及）工作的；（人）有工作的；（时间）用于工作上的；（想法等）可作为基础的v.（使）工作( work的现在分词)；（使）运作；运转；（使）产生效果n.工作；活动；制作；操纵
参考例句：
  • I had always been attracted by the idea of working abroad. 我总是向往去国外工作。
  • childcare facilities for working parents 为职业父母提供的照管儿童的设施
0 world hfPw4     
n.世界
参考例句：
  • We have friends all over the world.我们的朋友遍天下。
  • Welcome to my small world.欢迎光临我的小天地。
0 worldwide JfVw4     
adj.全世界的，全世界范围的；adv.在全世界，遍及全世界
参考例句：
  • His fame is worldwide.他的名声享誉全世界。
  • They produce news which is sent by satellite worldwide.他们播送的新闻通过卫星发送到世界各地。
0 worried petzJ1     
adj.烦恼的，为难的，焦虑的
参考例句：
  • He was worried about the safety of me.他为我的安全担心。
  • He worried his father to buy a new car.他苦苦缠着父亲要买一辆新车。
0 worst be8zJp     
adj.（bad的最高级）最坏的，最恶劣的，最不利的；n.最坏，最坏的时候；adv.最坏，最糟
参考例句：
  • She is the worst singer I know.她是我所知道的最糟糕的歌手。
  • The storm is at its worst.正是暴风雨最猛烈的时候。
0 year mfzwM     
n.年，年度，学年；adj./adv.每年，一年一次
参考例句：
  • Four seasons make a year.四季构成了一年。
  • Spring is the beginning of the year.春天是一年的开始。
0 years 75aeb98e5241592ad6a6c2c4c78a16ef     
n.年( year的名词复数 )；年纪；一年的期间；某年级的学生
参考例句：
  • She is still very active, in spite of her advancing years. 她尽管年事渐高，仍然十分活跃。
  • Travelling in Europe was something of an anticlimax after the years he'd spent in Africa. 他在非洲生活了多年，到欧洲旅行真是有点太平淡了。

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