名人轶事:Dian Fossey

（单词翻译）

By George Grow

November 7, 2004

(THEME)

VOICE ONE:

I'm Steve Ember.

VOICE TWO:

And I'm Faith Lapidus with People in America in VOA Special English. Today we

tell about Dian Fossey. She studied the wild mountain gorillas² of central

Africa. Her work resulted in efforts to save these rare and endangered

animals.

(THEME)

VOICE ONE:

Dian Fossey was born in nineteen thirty-two in San Francisco, California. Her

parents ended their marriage when she was young. She stayed with her mother,

who married another man a short time later. Dian said she had a difficult

relationship with both her mother and stepfather.

Dian was interested in animals all her life. She started making plans to be a

veterinarian, a doctor who treats animals. After high school, she attended

San Jose State College in California. There, she was successful in some

subjects, but not others.

She changed her program of study to occupational therapy. Occupational

therapists help injured and sick people learn to do their day-to-day

activities independently. She completed her studies at San Jose State in

nineteen fifty-four.

VOICE TWO:

Dian Fossey left California and moved to the state of Kentucky. She accepted

a position at the Kosair Crippled³ Children's Hospital in the city of

Louisville. People there said she had a special gift of communicating with

children with special needs. Yet she also had a desire to see more of the

world.

Through friends, she became interested in Africa. She read a book about the

wild mountain gorillas of central Africa written by American zoologist⁴ George

Schaller. The mountain gorilla¹ is the largest of the world's apes.

VOICE ONE:

Fossey borrowed money and made a six-week trip to Africa in nineteen sixty-

three. She visited a camp operated by the famous research scientists Louis

and Mary Leakey. The Leakeys were best known for their studies of the

development of human ancestors.

Fossey met with Louis Leakey and discussed the importance of scientific

research on the great apes. She decided⁵ to study mountain gorillas, which

were in danger of disappearing. Later on her trip, she traveled to the

mountains of Rwanda. This is where she first saw mountain gorillas.

VOICE TWO:

Fossey returned to the United States with a desire to work in Africa. She met

with Professor Leakey a second time when he visited the United States to give

a series of talks. This time, he asked her to begin a long-term study of the

gorillas. He said information she collected might help to show how human

ancestors developed.

A group called the Wilkie Foundation agreed to support her research. The

Wilkie Foundation already supported another researcher, Jane Goodall, in her

study of wild chimpanzees. Fossey also received help from a major scientific

and educational organization -- the National Geographic⁶ Society.

VOICE ONE:

Fossey returned to central Africa in nineteen sixty-six. She spent a short

time observing Jane Goodall. Then she began setting up her own research camp

in what was then the country of Zaire. Fossey sought help from the local

native people who knew how to follow mountain gorillas in the wild.

A short time later, political unrest forced her to move to nearby Rwanda. She

settled in a protected area between two mountains, Karisimbi and Visoke.

There, she established the Karisoke Research Center. This would be her home

for most of the next eighteen years. Much of that time, she worked alone.

(MUSIC)
VOICE TWO:

DianFossey spent thousands of hours observing mountain gorillas. She worked

hard to gain acceptance among the animals. To do this, she copied their

actions and sounds. She studied the gorillas daily and developed an

understanding of each individual.

Many people had believed that mountain gorillas are fierce. Fossey found just

the opposite. She learned that gorillas are both gentle and intelligent. They

use their strength mainly when defending other members of their family or

group.#p#副标题#e#

VOICE ONE:

In nineteen seventy, the National Geographic Society wanted to publish a

story about Fossey and her research. It sent a photographer named Bob

Campbell to Karisoke to take pictures. He took a picture of an adult male

gorilla named Peanuts touching⁷ Fossey's hand. This became the first friendly

gorilla-to-human action ever recorded. The picture appeared on the front

cover of National Geographic magazine. It helped to make Fossey and her work

famous.

The American researcher was able to sit among the gorillas and play with them

and their young. She made notes of everything she saw. She took a count, or

census⁸, of the gorilla population. She noted⁹ what the animals ate and their

environment.

Fossey learned a lot about the gorillas. But it became difficult for her to

remain an independent observer. She believed that the animals would disappear

forever unless something was done to protect them and their environment.

(MUSIC)

VOICE TWO:

Dian Fossey needed money to continue her research project. She believed that

she could get more financial assistance for her work by getting an advanced

degree. She left Africa in nineteen seventy and attended the University of

Cambridge in England. She received a doctorate¹⁰ in zoology¹¹ a few years later.

Fossey returned to Rwanda to find that hunters were killing¹² some of what she

called "her gorillas." The hunters earned money by selling the heads, hands

and feet of the animals. Among the gorillas killed was one called Digit¹³.

Fossey had observed Digit for many years and treated him almost like a

friend. His remains¹⁴ were placed with those of other dead gorillas in a

special burial area near her camp.

VOICE ONE:

After Digit was killed, Fossey established a program to increase

international support for efforts to protect mountain gorillas. It was called

the Digit Fund. Fossey also began an active campaign to stop the killing of

the gorillas. She opposed efforts by Rwandan officials to increase the number

of visitors to the animals' native environment.

She formed a small force to help guard mountain gorillas against humans. She

destroyed traps used to catch the animals. She threatened the hunters and the

people who helped them. National Geographic magazine published a report about

her efforts. Many people who read the story sent money to support the

campaign.

However, not everyone supported what Fossey was doing. Some people condemned¹⁵

her treatment of the hunters. Rwandan officials opposed her efforts to

control an area that she did not own. And, some animal experts criticized her

strong emotional links with the gorillas. They also questioned her work as a

scientist.

(MUSIC)

VOICE TWO:

Dian Fossey suffered from a number of health problems. As she grew older, she

spent less time in the field and more time at her camp doing paperwork. This

was partly because she had college students assisting in her research

efforts.

In nineteen eighty, Fossey left Karisoke and accepted a position at Cornell

University in Ithaca, New York. There, she began to write a book about her

years with the mountain gorillas. Her book was published in nineteen eighty-

three. It is called "Gorillas in the Mist." By then, there were only about

two hundred mountain gorillas in the world.

Dian Fossey made a large number of public appearances to publicize her book

and the efforts to save the mountain gorillas. Then she returned to Rwanda.

On December twenty-sixth, nineteen eighty-five, she was found murdered at her

camp. A few days later, her body was buried near the remains of some of her

gorillas.

VOICE ONE:

Even now, her death remains unsolved. Some people believe that she was killed

by someone who opposed her strong attempts to protect the gorillas. Three

years after her death, a major American motion picture based on her book was

released. It is also called "Gorillas in the Mist." It helped tell her story

to millions of people around the world.

Dian Fossey kept a written record of her daily activities. She wrote: When

you understand the value of all life, you think less about what is past and

think instead about the protection of the future.

Dian Fossey loved her work and used her research to help save the gorillas

and their environment. Today, the mountain gorilla population is increasing.

Some people have said that without her efforts the animals would no longer

exist. The Dian Fossey Gorilla Fund International continues her work.

(THEME)

VOICE TWO:

This program was written by George Grow. Lawan Davis was our producer. I'm

Faith Lapidus.

VOICE ONE:

And I'm Steve Ember. Join us again next week for PEOPLE IN AMERICA in VOA

Special English.