名人轶事:Shirley Chisholm

（单词翻译）

Broadcast: February 20, 2005

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VOICE ONE:

I’m Gwen Outen.

VOICE TWO:

And I’m Doug Johnson with People in America in VOA Special English. Today we

tell about Shirley Chisholm. She was an educator, activist¹ and politician.

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VOICE ONE:

Shirley Chisholm is best known as the first black woman elected to United

States Congress and the first black woman to run for president of the United

States. However, her life was filled with much more than being the first

black woman to do important things. She believed in being a person to fight

for change. All her life, she worked to improve the lives of others.

(MUSIC)

VOICE TWO:

Shirley Anita Saint Hill was born in Brooklyn, New York in nineteen twenty-

four. She was the oldest of four daughters. Her father was a factory worker

from Guyana. He loved to read. Her mother was from the British West Indies

island of Barbados. She made clothes and cleaned other people’s houses.

Shirley’s parents had very little money. They wanted their daughters to get

a good education and to have a better life. When Shirley was three years old

her parents sent her and her sisters to live with their grandmother in

Barbados.

Shirley received a good education from the British school system. She enjoyed

the years she lived with her grandmother. Her family in Barbados was a

strong, organized group that believed in education. Shirley always remembered

the words her grandmother spoke².

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“When I was reared in the British West Indies my grandmother used to always

tell me, you may not be loved by certain forces in a society and you have to

understand why. But always speak the truth.”

VOICE ONE:

In nineteen thirty-four Shirley moved back to Brooklyn. She was ten years

old. She continued to do very well in school. She later graduated from

Brooklyn College with honors. In nineteen forty-nine, she married Conrad

Chisholm who worked as a private investigator³. Together they took part in

local politics. Their marriage ended almost thirty years later.


As a young woman, Shirley decided⁴ to become a teacher. She believed she could

improve society by helping⁵ children. She worked for seven years at a child-

care center in the Harlem area of New York City. She attended Columbia

University at night and received an advanced degree in early childhood

education in nineteen fifty-two. She became known as an expert in children

and early education. From nineteen fifty-nine to nineteen sixty-four Shirley

Chisholm was an education official in the day care division of the city’s

office of child welfare.

(MUSIC)

VOICE TWO:

In ninety sixty-four Shirley Chisholm’s political career began. She was

elected to the New York State Assembly. She served for four years.

In nineteen sixty-eight she announced she would run for the United States

Congress. She was elected from the newly created Twelfth District of New York

City. She became the first black woman elected to Congress. She represented a

poor area of Brooklyn called Bedford-Stuyvesant.

In Congress, Miz Chisholm was assigned to the House Agriculture Committee.

She protested this assignment. She felt it was not important to the poor

people of the city that she represented. She was moved to the Veterans

Affairs Committee. She later served on the Education and Labor⁶ Committee, the

position she wanted. In nineteen seventy-seven she joined the important House

Rules Committee.
VOICE ONE:

Shirley Chisholm was very different from other members of Congress. She

looked different. Her hair was a big cloud of curls. She wore very large

eyeglasses. And she had dark skin.

She also spoke differently. She had developed a minor⁷ Caribbean accent while

living with her grandmother in Barbados. Her voice was strong. She spoke with

power. She said her greatest tool was her mouth. She was not afraid to say

the things others would not say before Congress and the public. #p#副标题#e#

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“But, my friends, I might be strong for some persons in this audience, but I

believe in telling it like it is.” ((applause))

VOICE TWO:

Shirley Chisholm spoke strongly for the poor and for women. She worked for

civil rights for African Americans. She opposed the Vietnam War. In nineteen

sixty-nine she helped form the Congressional Black Caucus⁸. She also was a

member of the National Organization for Women. Miz Chisholm was an activist

for people of color, including Native Americans and Spanish-speaking

immigrants. She often spoke about cultural and social issues.

(((ACT THREE))) :38

“Increasing immigration to the United States suggests that we do face( --

and we better own up to – we do face) new social and cultural problems as

these new Americans are integrated into our society. And because most of the

new immigrants are people of color, cultural adjustments must be made by all

groups in America if we are to learn to live together as one nation.”

VOICE ONE:

Miz Chisholm wrote a book about her life in nineteen seventy called

“Unbought and Unbossed.” She refused to be defined by party politics or

racial comparisons. Sometimes this worked against her.

In nineteen seventy-two Shirley Chisholm announced that she would run for

president of the United States. Many people thought it was a strange thing to

do. Miz Chisholm said during her life in politics she faced more

discrimination as a woman than as a black person.

Shirley Chisholm became the first woman and the first black person to carry

out a presidential campaign within one of the major parties. When she

announced her candidacy for the Democratic Party nomination⁹ for president

this is what she said: “I am not the candidate of black America, although I

am black and proud. I am not the candidate of the women’s movement of this

country, although I am a woman and I am equally proud of that. I am not the

candidate of any political bosses or special interests. I am the candidate of

the people.”

Miz Chisholm did not win the Democratic primaries or the nomination. She said

she did not run for president because she expected to win. She ran to make a

point.

In nineteen seventy-three Shirley Chisholm wrote another book, “The Good

Fight.” In that book she told of her reasons for running for president even

though she did not expect to win. She said: “The next time a woman runs, or

a black, or a Jew or anyone from a group that the country is ‘not ready’ to

elect to the highest office, I believe he or she will be taken seriously from

the start.”

(MUSIC)

VOICE TWO:

Shirley Chisholm left Congress in nineteen eighty-two after fourteen years.

She said many voters did not understand her. She said her influence as a

truthful¹⁰, tough politician was decreasing in conservative times. Also, she

wanted to spend more time with her second husband, Arthur Hardwick.

Miz Chisholm went on to teach at Mount Holyoke College in South Hadley,

Massachusetts. Years after leaving Congress, she continued to be invited to

speak before many groups and organizations.

A reporter once asked Miz Chisholm how she wanted to be remembered. She said

she did not want to be remembered as the nation’s first black congresswoman.

She wanted to be remembered as a brave person, a person who created change.

VOICE ONE:

Shirley Chisholm died January first, two thousand five. She suffered a series

of strokes. She was eighty years old.

Shirley Chisholm loved her country. She wanted to serve all America, not just

African Americans and women. Her work for the community of Bedford-

Stuyvesant, the state of New York and the nation continues through the

changes she helped make in American society.

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“America is a wonderful land. It’s no question about it. That is why every

group from across the waters tries to come to America. I am hopeful. Oh God

am I hopeful that before I die that I will see that America will move toward

a period of real enlightenment (not rhetorical enlightenment, real

enlightenment) and that when we are finally faced with the choice of

exclusion¹¹ or inclusion we will choose inclusion because that’s what America

is suppose to be all about.”

(THEME)

VOICE TWO:

This program was written and produced by Lawan Davis. I’m Doug Johnson.

VOICE ONE:

And I’m Gwen Outen. Join us again next week for People in America in VOA

Special English.