名人轶事:Julia Ward Howe

（单词翻译）

By Shelley Gollust

Broadcast: February 27, 2005

(THEME)

VOICE ONE:

I'm Ray Freeman.

VOICE TWO:

And I'm Shirley Griffith with the Special English program, PEOPLE IN AMERICA.

Every week we tell about a person important in the history of the United

States.

Today, we tell about Julia Ward¹ Howe. She wrote one of the great songs of the

American Civil War, the "Battle Hymn² of the Republic."

(MUSIC)

VOICE ONE:

Marching soldiers ... no end to the lines of soldiers marching across the

land. They came from the northern states fighting to keep the Union together.

And they came from the southern states fighting for a separate Confederate

government that would protect their right to have slaves. In summer and

winter, the fighting continued. The sun burned like fire. The soldiers

marched on. The cold winter winds blew snow in their faces. The soldiers

marched on.

The United States was a nation cut in two by a bitter struggle over slavery

and a state's right to leave the Union. America's Civil War lasted four

years. It destroyed the land. And it destroyed the young men of the nation.

VOICE TWO:

Many stories have been told about the soldiers of the Civil War. They have

told of the soldiers’ fear and terror³. . .their great and heroic⁴ acts. .

.how they suffered and died. . .and how they sang before and after battle.

One song, more than any other, caught the spirit of the Union soldiers of the

North. The song is the "Battle Hymn of the Republic." Here is the first part

of the song, sung by Odetta:

(MUSIC)

VOICE ONE:

The words are religious. They are like a hymn, a song of praise to God. This

is the story of the woman who wrote the song.

(MUSIC)

VOICE TWO:

The place was Washington, D.C. The year was eighteen sixty-one. It was a wet

winter night. There were thousands of soldiers in the city. The hospitals

were full. The field of battle was just across the Potomac River in the

southern state of Virginia.

A woman lay asleep in her hotel room. She had had a long, hard day. She had

come to Washington to visit the Union troops. The sight and sounds of the

soldiers gave her no rest. Even in her sleep she seemed to hear them. She

heard their sad voices as they sat beside their fires. She heard them

singing. They sang a marching song she knew. It was a song about John Brown,

an activist⁵ against slavery. The song told about how his body turned to earth

in the grave⁶. It told about how his spirit lived on.

VOICE ONE:

The woman's name was Julia Ward Howe. She was a writer and social reformer.

She was born in New York City in eighteen nineteen. Her father was a wealthy

banker. Julia married Samuel Gridley Howe. He was a reformer and teacher of

the blind. Julia and Samuel Howe moved to Boston. Missus Howe raised five

children. And she published several books of poetry.

VOICE TWO:#p#副标题#e#

Julia Ward Howe and Samuel Gridley Howe were leaders in the movement in

America to end slavery. They published an anti-slavery newspaper called the

"Commonwealth⁷."

Missus Howe had met John Brown. Like him, she was an anti-slavery activist.

She opposed those Americans who used black people as slaves. Unlike him, she

did not approve of using violence to end slavery.

In eighteen fifty-nine, John Brown tried to start a revolt⁸ of slaves. He led

an attack on Harper's Ferry, a town in what was then the state of Virginia.

[Editor's note: That area did not become the state of West Virginia until

1863.] The town had a factory that made guns for the army. It also had a

storage center for military equipment. The attack on Harper's Ferry failed.

John Brown was put on trial for treason⁹. He was found guilty and was

executed¹⁰.
VOICE ONE:

In the northern states, John Brown became a hero. His story was told through

song. The song was most popular with soldiers. It became the unofficial

marching song of the Union Army.

Julia Ward Howe also liked to sing the song. She felt that the music was

beautiful, but the words about John Brown were not. So she decided¹¹ to write

different words to the music.


Those words came to her that night as she lay in her hotel room in

Washington. She was awakened¹² by her dreams of marching soldiers.

VOICE TWO (WOMAN'S VOICE):

"I found to my surprise that the words were forming themselves in my head. I

lay still until the last line had completed itself in my thoughts.

Then I quickly got out of bed. I thought I would forget the words if I did

not write them immediately. I looked for a piece of paper and a pen. Then I

began to write the lines of a poem:

'Mine eyes have seen the glory of the coming of the Lord¹³. He is trampling¹⁴ out

the vintage where the grapes of wrath¹⁵ are stored, He hath loosed the fateful

lightning of His terrible swift¹⁶ sword, His truth is marching on.'

I wrote until I was finished. Then I lay down again and fell asleep. I felt

something important had happened to me."

VOICE ONE:

An American magazine, "The Atlantic Monthly," bought Missus Howe's poem. She

was paid four dollars. The magazine published the poem in eighteen sixty-two.

The poem became very popular. It had just the right words for the great

marching music. The soldiers of the Union Army began to sing the words Julia

Ward Howe had written. It soon became their official marching song -- "The

Battle Hymn of the Republic."

VOICE TWO:

Julia Ward Howe became famous. She was invited to the White House to meet

President Abraham Lincoln. After dinner at the White House, the guests talked

about the Civil War. They were sad. The Union army had suffered many defeats.

Then someone began to sing “The Battle Hymn of the Republic." Missus Howe

and President Lincoln joined in the singing. There were tears in the

President's eyes. Here is the last part of the song, sung by the Mormon

Tabernacle Choir:

(MUSIC)

VOICE ONE:

After the North won the Civil War in eighteen sixty-five, Julia Ward Howe

became involved in other social reform movements. She became a leader in the

movement to gain equal rights for American women, including the right to

vote. She helped establish the New England Woman's Club in eighteen sixty-

eight. This organization worked for equal rights for women in education and

business. She served as president of the group for more than thirty years.

VOICE TWO:

Julia Ward Howe also became involved in the movement for peace. In eighteen

seventy, she issued an "Appeal to Womanhood Throughout the World." This was a

call for an international conference of women to support the peaceful

settlement of conflicts. The next year she helped organize the American group

of the Woman's International Peace Association¹⁷. She became president of the

group.

Julia Ward Howe continued to write books and make speeches about the issues

she felt were important. Through the years, thousands of people came to hear

her recite her most famous poem. She died in nineteen ten. She was ninety-one

years old.

VOICE ONE:

The "Battle Hymn of the Republic" still is one of America's great traditional

songs. No one knows for sure who wrote the music. But the song lives on. And

so does the name of the woman who made the music famous with her words: Julia

Ward Howe.

(THEME)

VOICE TWO:

This Special English program was written by Shelley Gollust. It was produced

by Lawan Davis. I'm Shirley Griffith.

VOICE ONE:

And I'm Ray Freeman. Join us again next week for another PEOPLE IN AMERICA

program on the Voice of America.