a.最少的，最小的；最不重要的
ad.最少，最小，最不
bit n.一点儿，少许；小片，小块
rare a.稀有的，罕见的；珍奇的，出类拔萃的；（空气等）稀薄的；（肉）煎
得嫩的
rarely ad.不常，难得
seldom ad.很少，不常，难得
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about ad.大约，差不多；在四周，各处；在附近
prep.关于，对于；在……周围，在……各处
above prep.在……上访；多于，大于；高于，优于；超出，超过
a.上面的，上述的
ad.在上面，在顶上；在……以上；在上文
与“方位”相关的单词
below prep.(位置)在下面；（数量）在以下；（地位）低于
ad.在下面，到下面
beneath prep.在下面，往下面；（地位）低于；在……掩盖下；连……也不
值得，有失……身份
ad.在下方，在底下
down ad.向下；由高到低，由强到弱；向下游，往南
prep.沿着……而下
ahead ad.在前面；向前；提前，预先
along ad.向前的；一起
prep.沿着
forth ad.向前，往外
behind prep.在……后面；隐藏在……后面；落后于
ad.在背后
aside ad.在旁边，到一边；撇开不谈
beside prep.在……旁边；和……相比
left a.左边的
ad.左边地
n.左边;左翼
right a.正确的，对的；正当的，公正的；右边的；合适的，恰当的；健康的，
正常的；直角的
ad.正确地；合适地，恰当地；正当地，公正地；正好，立即，马上；直接的，
径直的；往右，向右
int.好，行
n.权利，正确，正当；右面
vt.纠正，恢复正常
相关单词
privilege vt.给予优惠，特免
n.特权，优惠
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stumble vi. ①绊倒，绊脚：I stumbled over a tree root. ②跌跌撞撞地走：A drunk stumbled past US.一个醉汉跌跌撞撞地从我们身边走过。③(说话等)结结巴巴
[考]stumble across/on碰巧发现：Police investigating tax fraud stumbled across a drug ring。警方在调查税收欺诈案件时意外发现了一个贩毒集团。
tumble v. ①跌倒，摔下：tumble down the stairs ②翻滚：The puppy was tumbling about thefloor.小狗在地上打滚。③(价格等)暴跌：Shave prices tumbled on the stockmarket.股市股价暴跌。④不由自主地卷入
n. 跌倒，摔倒：have a nasty tumble重重地摔了一跤
[考]tumble to(突然)明白，领悟：I tumbled to him when l saw the letter.看到信，我才知道他的为人。
相关单词
slide v. ①(使)滑动，(使)下滑：The ship slid into the water.船滑入水中。②(使)悄悄地移动：She slid a coin into his hand.她悄悄把硬币塞人他手中。
[考]let slide放任自流：She got depressed7 and began to let things slide.她情绪低落，一切听之任之。
slip vi. ①滑(倒)，滑落；②溜走：The thief slippedout.小偷溜了出来。
vt. 悄悄放进：slip the waiter a tip 悄悄给服务员小费
[考]slip up 失误，出差错：I slipped up and gave you the wrong number.我错给了你电话号码。
Slippery a. ①滑的：Don’t run on such a slippery floor.②狡猾的，不可靠的：Tell you the truth，he is a slippery man. 实话告诉你，他不可靠。
形近单词
slipper8 n. 拖鞋
与“衣着、织物”相关的单词
wear vt. ①穿着，带着，留(须发)：she was wearing sunglasses.她戴着墨镜。②面带，呈现：The house wore a neglected look．这房子好象没有人照管。
vi. ①穿破，磨损 ②耐穿，耐磨：You should choose a fabric9 that will wear well.你要挑条耐穿的裤子。
n. ①穿，戴②服装，穿戴物③磨损，损坏
[考]wear away①磨损，磨去 ②消磨，流逝：The coin has been worn away by using.硬币被用得磨损了。
wear off 渐渐减少，逐渐消失：The pain is slowly wearing off.痛苦正逐渐消失。
wear out①穿破，用坏：I wore out a pair of shoes.② (使) 疲乏， (使) 耗尽：They were worn out after a long walk.长途后，他们累坏了。
cloth n. 布，织物，衣料
clothe vt. ①给…穿衣 ②覆盖：The sun clothed the hill with light.阳光覆照在小山上。
clothes n. 衣服，服装：a suit of clothes
clothing n. (总称) 衣服，衣着
coat vt. 涂上，覆盖
n. ①外衣，外套 ②表皮，皮毛③覆盖物，层：give sth. a second coat of paint给…上第二层颜料
overcoat n. 外衣，大衣
cloak n. 斗篷；覆盖（物）
dress n. ①连衣裙 ②衣服，服装
vt. ①给…穿衣：He takes ages to dress.他穿衣要用很长时间。②包扎（伤口）：Nurse dressed the wounded man.护士为伤员包扎。③给…加作料
[考]dress up ①穿上盛装，精心打扮：Children like dressing10 up. 孩子都爱打扮。②装饰，修饰
jacket n. 短上衣，茄克衫
gown n. 长袍，长外衣
sweater n. 厚运动衫，毛线衫
robe n. 长袍
vest n. 汗衫；背心
skirt n. ①裙子 ②边缘：We walk along the skirt of the river. 我们沿着河边走。③郊区
cotton n. ①棉，棉花 ②棉线，棉纱：a needle and cotton 针和线
fabric n. ①织物，织品 ②构造，组织：The entire fabric of the house needs renovation11. 这座房子的全部结构需要维修翻新。
fibre n. 纤维，纤维质
linen12 n. 亚麻布；亚麻织物
nylon n. 尼龙
silk n. 蚕丝，丝，丝织品
velvet13 n. 丝绒，天鹅绒
textile n. ①纺织品：This factory produces a range of textiles. 这个工厂生产各种纺织品。②纺织业：She got a job in textiles. 她在纺织业中找到了—份工作。
a. 纺织的：the textile industry 纺织工业
wool n. ①羊毛 ②毛线，毛织品：a ball of knitting wool 一团毛线
woolen14 a. 羊毛制的，毛线的
rag n. ①破布，碎布 ②(pl.)破旧衣服： I met a ramp15 dressed in rags and tatters in the street. 我在街上遇到了一个衣衫褴褛的流浪汉。
canvas n. 粗帆布；一块油画布
sock n. 短袜
stocking n. 长（统）袜
boot n. ①靴 ②(汽车后部的)行李箱：Be sure to put the luggage in the boot. ③解雇：Tom got the boot because of his rudeness to the customer.
shoe n. 鞋
[考]in sb.’s shoes 处于…的地位（或境地）：I would quit the job if I were in your shoes.
button n. ①扣子：lose a button ②按钮
vt. 扣紧，扣上：Debby’s dress buttons at the back.戴比的裙子是在后面系扣的。
clasp n. 扣子，钩子；别针
pin n. ①大头针，别针 ②徽章，像覃：a tie-pin 一个领带夹 ③销子，闩
v. 别住，固定住：Ken16 pinned the papers together incase of losing it.
[考]pin down ①（使）明确说明：Jeff is a difficult person to pin down.杰夫这个人说话办事没个准儿。②确定，证实：There’s something wrong, but I can’t pin it down。
collar n. ①衣领，领子：white collar ②(狗等的)项圈
pocket n. ①衣袋，小袋 ②钱，财力：I'm hard on the pocket now. 我现在手头拮据。
vt. 把…装入口 袋：She pocketed the paper，她把考卷装进口袋.
a. 袖珍的，小型的：pocket book 小型记事本
sleeve n. 袖子，袖套
tie n. ①领带，领结 ②纽带，联系：the ties of friendship 友谊的纽带 ③束缚
vt. ①拴，扎，捆 ②把…打结，系上：tie an apron17 系上围裙 ③连接，使有关联
vi. 不分胜负：The two teams tied.
[考]tie down 限制，牵制：I don’t like to be tied down by things.我不喜欢被事情所牵制。
tie in with 与…一致，配合：The report ties in with what we know.这个报道与我们所知的一致。
tie up ①拴住，捆牢 ②使(钱等)难以动用，阻碍：Most of Gill’s money is tied up in property.吉尔的大部分钱都投资在房地产上无法动用。
veil n. 面纱，面罩；遮蔽物
knit v. ①编织：We knitted a sweater for her son.②使紧密地结合，使紧凑：knit one’s brows ③(折骨)愈合：The broken bones have knitted well. 断骨已愈合良好。
needle n. 针，编织针
sew v. 缝（纫）：sew round the hem18 缝边
[考]sew up ①缝合：sew up a hole in a sock把袜子上的洞补好。②确保…的成功：By the end of the mooting19 everything, should be nicely sewn up.会议结束时一切应妥善解决。
patch n. ①补片，补丁：He wears a coat with patches on the elbows.他穿了一件肘部有补了的衣服。②斑：Lisa has a black dog with a white patch on its neck．③一小块地：Jim has an onion patch.
vt. 补，修补：Lucy was patching a hole in her pants.
[考] patch up①解决(争吵，麻烦等)：It’s hard to patch up their differences. ②修补：They patched up their old car and sold it.
weave v. 织，编：I like the cloth woven from silk and wool.我喜欢用丝和毛混纺的料子。
stitch n. ①(缝，绣，编结等的)一针，线迹 ②缝法，针法，编结法：She is very good at chain-stitch.她很擅长链形缝法。③(跑步引起的肋部)突然剧痛：I got a stitch when running.
v. 缝，绣：She is stitching a shirt by candlelight，她正在烛光下缝衬衣。
tailor vt. ①裁剪，缝制：He got a well-tailored suit as his birthday present.他的生日礼物是一件做工考究的西装。②使适应(特定需要)：These homes are tailored to the needs of the elderly.这些是专门为老人建立的养老院。
n. 裁缝
tail=to cut(割)
同根单词
tail n. 尾巴，尾部
detail n. 细节，详情
v. 详述 [同] specify
[考]in detail 详细地(=at length)
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scarf n. 围巾，头巾；领带
形近单词
scar n. 伤疤，伤痕；创伤
scare vt. 惊吓，使害怕
vi. 受惊：He scares easily.他动不动就害怕。
n. 惊恐，恐慌：You gave me a scare．你吓了我一跳。
scarcely ad. ①仅仅 ②几乎不，简直不 ③决不：I scarcely believe you.我决不相信你。
[考]scarcely...when 一…就：Scarcely did I go to sleep when the bell rang．我刚一睡下铃就响了。
scarce a. ①缺乏的；不足的：The food is scarce.②稀有的
与“稀缺”相关的单词
lack v. 缺乏：lack creativity 缺乏创造力
n. 不足，没有：a lack of water 缺水
want vt. ①要，想要，希望 ②需要 ③缺少，缺乏：He wants the courage.他缺少勇气。
vi. 缺少：I want for money these days.我最近缺钱花。
n. ①需要的东西：Nick is a man of few wants.尼克是个没什么欲望的人。②缺乏
absence n. 缺席，不在场 ②缺乏，不存在：the absence of proof 缺乏证据 ③缺席的时间：during his absence
absent a. ①不在场的：He is absent from meeting.他未到会。②缺乏的
反义单词
presence n. ①出席，到场：No one noticed her presence at the meeting. ②仪表，仪态：Nick is a man of great presence.尼可是一个很潇洒的男子。
[考]in sh.’ s presence 当着某人的面，有某人在场：Don’t mention her dead son in her presence.
同根单词
presently ad. ①不久，一会儿：I’ll be here presently. ②现在，目前：They are presently discussing the plan.
present v. ①赠送，呈献 ②介绍，引见[同]introduce ③提出（论点等）[同]advance：She presented her case to the committee.她提出了自己的理由给委员会考虑。
a. ①出席的，到场的：There are 50 people present at the meeting. ②现在的，目前的：I can solve the present problem.
n. ①现在，目前：The present belongs to youth. ②礼物
[考]at present 目前，现在：I can’t tell the reason why I leave at present.
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与“火焰、火光”相关的单词
blaze n. 火；闪光
vi. 燃烧
flame n. 火焰，火舌：The house is in flame.
flash n. ①闪光，闪烁：A flash of lightning scared her.一道闪光吓倒了她。②闪光灯：l need flash for this shot.我拍这张照片需要用闪光灯。
v. ①闪光，闪烁：A lamp was flashing in the dark. ②闪现：Her eyes flashed joy.她的眼中闪烁着高兴的表情。③飞驰
glow n. 光亮，光辉：The fireplace cast a warm glow on the wall.壁炉的火在墙上呈现出一片光。
vi. ①（脸）红，（身体）发热：Jane glows with health.珍尼红光满面。②发光
spark n. 火花，火星
vi. 放出火花：The fire is sparking dangerously.
vt. 触发，引起：The accident sparked off a chain of disasters．那个事故引发了一连串的灾难。
sparkle n. 火花
vi. 闪耀；发出火光
fire n. ①火 ②火灾，失火 ③火力：The soldiers returned the enemy’s fire. ④热情，激情：His speech lacked fire.他的演讲缺乏激情。
vi. 开火，开枪：” Fire!” orderd the captain.
vt. ①放枪，射出子弹：He fired several shorts at the birds. ②开除，解雇：He was fired by his boss.
[考]catch on fire 着火：The hay caught on fire easily.干草很容易着火。
on fire 起火：The forest was on fire.森林着火了。
play with fire 玩火：Don’t play with fire.
set fire to 使燃烧，点燃：The thief was caught setting fire to the house.小偷在放火时被抓。
under fire 遭到攻击，受严厉批评：The army is under fire from all sides.部队四面遭受攻击。
与“灾难”相关的单词
disaster n. ①灾难，大祸：Many people died in the disaster. ②彻底的失败：His career is a disaster.
drought n. 旱灾，干旱
earthquake n. 地震[同]quake
earth n. ①地球：The moon goes round the earth.月球绕地球转。②陆地，地面 ③土，泥：He filled a hole with earth.他用泥土把洞填起来。
[考]on earth 到底，究竟
typhoon n. 台风
volcano n. 火山
wreck20 v. ①破坏，毁坏：Some robbers wreck the bank. ②造成…失事，使遇难：The plane had been wrecked21 off the Pacific Ocean.飞机在太平洋上失事。
n. ①失事，残骸：The car becomes a wreck in the accident.那辆车在事故中成了废铁。②精神或身体己垮的人：The illness left him a helpless wreck.那场病让他不能自理。
collapse22 vi. ①塌下：The whole building collapsed23. ②崩溃：He collapsed under the pressure of work.他被工作压力压垮了。
n. ①倒塌：The collapse of the building blocked the road. ②崩溃：The economy is in a state of collapse.经济处于崩溃状态。
collision n. ①碰撞 ②冲突，抵触：His activity brought him in to collision with the law.他的行为触犯了法律。
crash vi. ①碰撞，坠落：The tree crashed to the window. ②发出撞击声：The vase crashed to the floor. ③破产：The company crashed with so many debts.那个公司因为负债累累而破产。
vt. ①撞击，撞碎 ②冲，闯：He crashed the party without a permission.他未受邀请就闯进了晚会。
n. ①冲撞：There is a crash in which two cars
collided. 有一个两车相撞的事故。②破碎声：I heard the crash of dishes being dropped at night.晚上我听到盘子破碎的声音。
crush vt. ①压碎，碾碎：Crushing grapes makes wine.葡萄酒是压榨葡萄制成的。②镇压，压垮：The army crushed the rebellion.军队镇压了叛乱。
grind vt. ①磨，磨碎：The farmer ground the corn into flour. ②压迫，折磨：The landowner ground down the peasant. 这个地主压迫农民。
vi. 磨得吱吱作响：The old car ground and shuddered24。那部旧车抖动着发出吱吱的声音。
n. 苦差事：Marking exam papers is a real grind．批改试卷确实是个苦差事。
[考]grind out 生拼硬凑地写出：David finally ground out a composition.大卫终于写出了一篇文章。
同义单词
rack n. 挂架，搁架：a tool rack 工具架
v. ①使痛苦，折磨：rack one’s brains 绞尽脑汁 ②使紧张，使努力：be on the rack 受酷刑
torture n./vt. 折磨，拷打
Smart词汇记忆组群85
purify vt. 使纯净，使洁净：purify air by filtration 用过滤法净化空气
同根单词
purity n. 纯净；纯洁；纯度
pure a. ①纯的，纯净的：The paper is pure white. ②抽象的：pure art 纯艺术 ③完全的，十足的：l do it out of pure habit.我完全是出于习惯而这样做。
purely25 ad. 纯粹地，完全地
与“完全”相关的单词
extreme a. ①极度的，极端的：She is in extreme pain.她处在极度痛苦中。②尽头的，末端的
n. 极端，过分：extreme of passion 感情的极端
extremely ad. 极端，非常
quite ad. ①相当，颇：He plays quite well. ②实际上，确实 ③完全，十分
utter vt. 发出声音：utter a sigh发出叹息声
a. 完全的，彻底的，绝对的
[辨]entire(ly) 用于说话人持肯定态度的场合：We should work entirely26 in the interest of the people. utter(ly) 用于说话人持否定态度的场合：I am utterly27 dissatisfied.
whole n. 全部，整体：Four quarters make a whole.
a. ①全部的，全体的：The whole class are silent ②完整的，无缺的： swallow jujube whole 囫囵吞枣
[考]as a whole整个看来，作为一个整体
on the whole总的来说，大体上：On the whole, I agree with what you said.
wholly ad. 完全地，全部地：lt’s not a wholly good book.
altogether ad. ①完全，全然：I cannot altogether understand you.我不能全然理解你。②总而言之 ③总共：I earn 1000 dollars per week altogether.
together ad. 共同，一起
all a. ①全部的，整个的：He works all day long. ②一切的，所有的：All these letters must be answered.
③尽量的，极度的：He ran with all speed.他全速向前跑。
prep. 全部，整个：All of the girls are satisfied with the room.
ad. 完全地：Ray lives all alone. 雷一个人独自生活。
[考]above all 首先，尤其是：He is a poet above all.
after all 毕竟：Don’t blame Lisa, after all, she’s just a little girl.
all but ①除了…都 ②几乎，差不多：It's all but impossible to catch the train. 赶上车几乎是不可能的了。
all in all 从各方面说，总的来说；All in all she is a good teacher.
all over 到处，遍及：My body ached all over.
at all 一点，丝毫：l don’t like dancing at all.
for all 尽管，虽然：He’s wealthy but still unhappy for all that. 他有钱却不快乐。
in all 总共，合计：There are 17 people attending the meeting in all.
full a. ①满的：a bag full of apples ②完全的：She told us a full story about the boy.
[考]in full 全部地：You should write your name in full.你要写上全名。
entire a. 全部的，整个的：We are in entire agreement with you.
形近单词
retire vi. ①退下，撤退：The stoop retired28 for 3 miles. 队伍撤退了3英里。②退休：John retired early because of his health. ③就寝：I decided29 to retire early after dinner.
tire v. （使）疲劳，累：The heavy work tired me.
n. 轮胎
[考]tire out 使疲劳不堪：The long walk tired me out.
与“疲惫”相关的单词
tired a. ①疲劳的 ②厌倦的：I’m tired of her boring story.
exhaust vt. ①使筋疲力尽 ②用尽：I’ve exhausted30 a money supply. 我把钱用光了。③详尽论述：We try to exhaust the subject on pollution. 我们试图详尽论述污染问题。
n. ①排气装置，排气孔 ②废气：The exhaust emitted by the cars are bad for people’s health. 汽车排放的尾气危害人们的健康。
fatigue31 n. 疲劳，劳累：We all suffering from fatigue at the end of our journey.
v. （使）疲劳：Writing is really a fatiguing32 work. 写书的确是个累人的工作。
weary a. 疲倦的
Smart词汇记忆组群86
bell=war(战争)
rebel vi．①反叛，起义[同]revolt ②反对[同]disobey, resist
n. 反叛者，起义者[同］opponent
[考]rebel against 反对，反叛：The people have rebelled against their foreign rulers.
rebellion n. 叛乱，反抗，起义
revolt vi./n. 反抗，造反
[考]revolt against 反抗，造反：The people revolted against their king．
反义单词
loyal a. 忠诚的
[考]be loyal to 忠于
faithful a. ①忠实的：be faithful to 忠实于 ②真实的，正确的[同]accurate，exact
honest a. 诚实的，正直的
与“真实，可靠”相关的单词
faith n. ①信任，信心[同]belief，confidence ②信仰[同] religion
[考]have faith in sb. 相信某人：Have you any faith in what he says?
in good faith 真诚的，诚意的：The government has acted in good faith.
keep／break faith with sb. 对某人守信刚／不守信用
[辨]belief 指一般意义上的信仰；faith 指宗教上的信仰
frank a. 坦白的，直率的[同]blunt
[考]to be frank 坦率地说
truly ad. ①真诚地[同]sincerely ②真正地[同]genuinely
truth n. ①真实性 ②事实 ③真理
true a. ①真正的，真实的：come true 成为现实 ②忠实的[同]faithful
sincere a. 诚挚的，真实的 [同]hearty
trust n. 信任
vt. ①信任 ②托付 [同]entrust ③希望
[考]trust to 依靠：Don’t trust to luck.
trust sth. to sb. 把…委托给：When I am out，I trust my cat to our neighbor.
reliance n. (on) ①依靠[同]dependence ②信赖：put reliance on sb.’s promise
reliability n. 可靠性 [同]dependability [反] unreliability
reliable a. 可靠的[同]dependable
confident a. 确信的，自信的：He is confident of victory.
confidence n. ①(in)信任②(in)信心，自信 ③秘密，机密
[考]in confidence 秘密地
与“信贷、租赁”相关的单词
credit n. ①信用，声望[同] prestige：He quickly acquired credit with in the field of education. ②功劳：The credit for the success goes to Mr. Smith. ③贷款，赊款：The bank refused further credits to the company. 银行拒绝再贷款给那家公司。④赞扬[同]approval
vt. 信任[同]trust：He could not credit his exp
lanation.
[考]on credit 赊帐
a credit card 信用卡
loan n. ①贷款 ②暂借
vt. 借出
borrow vt. 借，借人
[辨]borrow…from 借人；lend...to 借出，借给
give vt. ①送给 ②授予[同]bestow，confer ③交给 ④举行
[考]give away ①赠送 ②泄露
give oneself away 露马脚
give back ①归还[同]return ②恢复[同]recover
give in ①交上[同]turn in ②屈服[同]yield
give off 释放，放出：The eggs were giving off a bad smell.
give out 分发[同]deliver：give out the exam papers.
give up停止，放弃
give oneself up投降，自首：The murderer gave himself up to the police.
give way(to) ①给…让路②被…代替
give oneself to专心于，迷恋
grant n. 授予物
vt. ①授予[同]award②承认[同]admit ③假定
[考](granted) granting that假定…
take it for granted that认为…想当然
hire vt. 租借
n. 租用，雇用
rent n. 租金
v. 租借[同]hire，lease
[考]rent out出租
rent...from向…租借
rent...to sb. 把…租给某人
interest n. ①兴趣，关心[同]concern，care ②(pl.)利益，利害关系[同]advantage ③利息[同] profit：with interest at 5 percent 以5％的利息
vt. 使感兴趣[同]fascinate，attract
[考]have／take (an) interest in 对…感兴趣
be interested in 对…感兴趣
interest sb. in sth. 使某人对…感兴趣：He interested me in chess.
lose (an) interest in对…失去兴趣
interesting a. 有趣的，引人人胜的
funny a. ①有趣的②滑稽的[同]humorous③古怪的［同］odd, queer
ridiculous a. 可笑的，荒谬的
Smart词汇记忆组群87
behave vi. ①举动，举止 ②运转
vt. ①使举止合宜：behave oneself 举止合宜 ②使运转正常
behavior n. ①行为，举止 ②（机器的）运转情况
behalf n. 利益
[考]on one’s behalf/on behalf of代表，为了：I’m writing to you on behalf of my family.
相关单词
beneficial a. 有益的[同]advantageous, favorable
[考]be beneficial to有益于
bene-=well，good同缀单词
benefit vt. 有益于[同]avail, profit
vi. (from)受益(于)
n.恩惠，好处[同]blessing, favor
[考]benefit from／by 从……中受益
for the benefit of 为了……(利益)
同义单词
advantage n. ①好处②优点
[考]take advantage of 利用
have／gain／get an advantage over比……有利
be of advantage to(+n.／doing)有利于
favor n．①好感：He worked hard to get back in the manager’s favor.他努力工作，使经理重新看好他. ②恩惠：Do me a favor and turn off the radio!
vt. 赞同：Did she favor your suggestion?
同根单词
favorite a．特别喜爱的
favorable a．①有利的：The company will lend you money on very favorable terms. ②赞成的：I hear favorable accounts of your work.
同义单词
useful a．有益的，有用的 us，uti=ro use(利用)
同根单词
utilize33 vt．利用
utility n. ①效用，实用②公共事业(指水，电，公交等事业)
abuse vt．／n．①滥用[同]misuse②虐待[同]mistreat
usage n．①使用，对待[同]treatment②惯用法
use vt．①使用[同] employ ②消耗[同]consume
n．①使用[同]application ②功能 ③价值，益处④习惯[同]custom
[考]come into／be in use(开始)被使用
be／go／fall out of use被弃用：That expression has gone out of use.
make use of利用[同]take advantage of put to use投入使用：She put her knowledge of German to good use.
use up用尽，耗尽：Try not to use up all the flour.
[辨]use指为了达到某种．目的而使用事物作工具，作为一般用法；employ指为了比较专一的目的而
采取行动时应用某些事物，作为较正式用法.
used v．过去常常[同]would：used to do sth. 过去常常干某事；a．习惯的：be used to doing习惯于
a. 用过的，用旧的
[辨]used to do过去常做某事，但现在已停止，可用于故事开头；be used to doing习惯做某事，现
在不一定停止，不用于故事开头
useless a．无用的，无价值的
user n. 用户，使用者
unusual a. ①不平常的[同]uncommon ②独特的
[同]remarkable，peculiar
unusually ad. 不平常地，非常
usual a. 通常的，平常的
usually ad. 通常
同义
normally ad. 通常，正常地
abnormal a. ①反常的：an abnormal phenomenon 反常现象 ②变态的 ③不规则的
normal a. ①正常的，普通的[同]average ②正规的，标准的[同]standard
average n. 平均数；a．①平均的②通常的，一般
的；vt．平均为：My mail averages 20 letters a day.
我的日均邮件量为二十。
[考]on the／an average平均，一般来说
ordinary a．平常的，平凡的
common a. ①普通的，平常的②共有的，公用的
[考] common to①对…觉得普遍②是…共有的
in common共有，共用
commonly ad．普通地，—般地
mutual a. 相互的；共同的
Smart词汇记忆组群88
freely ad．①自由地[同]liberally ②直率地[同] frankly34 ③免费地
freedom n. 自由，自主[同]liberty，independence
free a．①空闲的，空余的②自由的③免费的④无.....的；vt．(from，of)使自由，解放[同]release
[考]be free to do sth．自由地做某事
be free from免于……
set free释放
[辨]free 指没有受到束缚的状态；release指免除困难，苦痛，忧虑，债务，囚犯等
与“空闲、繁忙”相关的单词
idle a. ①空闲的②懒散的；v. ①游手好闲 ②(发动机)怠速运转
[考]idle away(one’s time)消磨时光
idle about闲逛
leisure n．①空闲②悠闲，安逸[同]ease
[考]at leisure闲暇的
at one’s leisure当某人空闲时
lazy a. 懒惰的，懒散的[同]slack
busy a. 忙的，繁忙的
[考]be busy at／with sth.=be busy doing sth． 忙于做某事
industrious35 a. 勤奋的
同根
industrial a. 工业的，产业的
industrialize vt．使工业化
industry n．①工业，产业[同]business ②勤劳
与“工业、商业”相关的单词
mill n．①工厂，制造厂[同]works②磨坊
workshop n．①工场，车间②创作室
work n. ①(pl.)工厂②(pl.)著作品③工作④<物理>功
v．①起作用，奏效[同]function②运行，运转[同]operate③工作
[考]at work在工作(=on the job)
go／set about one’s work开始工作
in／out of work就业／失业
work up鼓动，使激动[同]excite，stir：The actor is good at working the audience up.那个演员很会鼓动观众.
work out①制订，设计[同]plan，design②解决，算出
labor n．①劳动②工作③劳工
v. ①劳动 ②努力干
boss n. 老板，上司
vt．指挥[同] direct，supervise
slavery n. ①奴隶制度②苦役
engage vt．①使从事于②聘用③占用(时间等) [同]occupy④订婚
vi．(in)事于，参加
[考]be engaged in (doing) sth．忙于，从事于
be engaged to与……订婚
occupy vt．①占用，占领②使忙碌[同]absorb
[考]be occupied with／in 忙于(某事)
occupation n．①职业，工作[同] employment②占领［同] possession，takeover
business n. ①商业，生意②事务，职责③职业
[考] on business 因公出差
It’s none of your business．不关你的事。
commerce n. 贸易，商业
[考] a chamber36 of commerce商会
commercial a．商业的，商务的
n. (广播、电视的) 广告
merchant n．商人[同] dealer
trade n．①贸易，生意②手艺，行业[同]profession
vi．(in)做买卖
vt．用…交换[同]exchange
[考]trade...for... 用……换……
trade in 做……买卖
trade...with sb. 与某人交换……
Smart 词汇记忆组群89
velocity n．速度，速率
speed n. ①(广义)速度②(狭义)快，迅速
v．① (up)(广义)加速[同]hasten，accelerate②(狭义)迅速前进，急行
[考]speed up使加速
accelerate v．①(使)加快②促进[同]promote [反]decelerate
acceleration n. ①加速②<物>加速度
与“迅速”相关的单词
haste n．①急速，急忙②草率[同]rashness
vi．赶紧，赶快
[考]in haste急忙地(=in a hurry)
[辨]haste指人的动作迅速，匆忙或做事欠考虑； hurry的意味更强烈，含混乱，焦急和忙乱的意思.
hasten vt. 催促
[考]hasten sb．to do 催促某人做
hasty a．①匆忙的，仓促的②草率的[同]rash
hurry vi．赶紧
vt．催促
n．急忙
[考]hurry sb．to do sth．催促某人做某事
hurry up(使)赶快
in a hurry匆忙地
prompt a. 及时的；敏捷的[同]immediate37
vt．敦促，推动[同]evoke，stimulate
quick a．①快的，迅速的②敏捷的，灵敏的
[考] be quick of... 在……方面能力强
be quick at...在……方面敏捷
rapid a．快的，迅速的
rapidly ad. 迅速地
soon ad．①早，快②不久
[考]as／so soon as刚…就
no sooner...than...刚……就……(no sooner放句首，句子用倒装)[同]hardly...when， scarcely...before
sooner or later迟早
swift a. ①快速的②反应快的，敏捷的
[考]be swift to (do) sth．易于……(常接表示人感情或心理活动的名词或动词)：She is swift to take offence.她动不动就生气。
immediate a．①立即的②直接的[同]direct ③最接近的[同]close
immediately ad. ①立刻地[同] right now ②直接地，紧密地[同]directly
fast a. ①快的②紧的，牢固的[同]firm
ad．①快地②紧紧地
[考]be fast asleep正酣睡
stand fast站稳
fasten v．①拴紧，扣紧②(on，upon)固定，集中
n. or a.+ -en ="使成......”
brighten vt．①使发光[同]illuminate②使快活
[同] cheer up：Her face began to brighten.
bright a. ①明亮的，光亮的②聪明的，伶俐的③快乐的[同]cheerful
deepen vt. 加深，深化[同]intensify：The color of the sky deepened as the sun went down.
depth n．深度，深厚
[考]in depth①深度：The river is six feet deep／in depth. ②深入的：He discussed the subject in depth.
deep a. ①深的[反]shallow ②深奥的 ③深情的
ad．深深地
lessen38 v．①减轻，减少[同]decrease ②缩小 [同]shrink
less a．更少的
ad. 更少地
[考]no less than 不少于
loosen vt．使变松 free
[考]loosen up 减轻，放松
loose a．①松的[反]tight ②自由的 ③散漫的
ripen v．(使)成熟
ripe a．①熟的，成熟的[同]matured ②(for)时机成熟的：Time is ripe for setting up our own band.
sharpen vt．①使尖锐 ②使敏锐：sharpen a knife
sharp a．①锋利的，锐利的[同]keen ②轮廓分明的，鲜明的 ③敏锐的，机警的[同]alert，keen ④急转的，突然的：a sharp turn急转弯 ⑤刺耳的[同]harsh
ad．(指时刻)准时地(常放在时间后)：at 8 o’clock sharp在八点整
sharply ad．锐利地，敏锐地
stiffen39 vt．使变硬，使僵硬
stiff a．①硬的，僵直的[同]hardened ②拘谨的，呆板的
strengthen vt．加强，巩固
strength n．实力，力量[同]power，force
[考]threaten sb．with sth．
threaten to do sth.
threat n．①威胁 ②凶兆
wooden a．①木制的 ②呆板的
wood n. ①(pl.)树林 ②木材
weaken vt．削弱
vi．变弱
weakness n. ①虚弱，软弱 ②弱点[同]flaw
weak a．①弱的，衰弱的 ②懦弱的[同]irresolute ③薄弱的
[考]be weak in 在……方面差，不擅长
同义单词
faint a．①微弱的[同]feeble，dim ②将要昏倒的 (只作表语)
n．／vi．昏倒
feeble a．虚弱的，微弱的
[辨]feeble 指说话者带有同情，可怜之意；weak泛指人的身体，声音，力气等，是一般用语。
brittle40 a．脆弱的，易碎的
相关单词
broken① a.被打碎的；骨折的
broken② a.①坏的，破的②断断续续的
break v．①打碎，打破②打断③破坏，违反④打破纪录
n. ①打断，终止②休息
[考]break away from脱离，逃跑
break down①破坏②发生故障
break in①强行闯入②打断，插嘴
break out突然发生，爆发
break off①断绝，结束：Those two countries have broken off relations．②改掉(某种习惯)
break through突破，突围
break up ①终止，结束 ②打碎，拆散
ruin v. (使)毁灭
n．①毁灭，崩溃[同]downfall ②(pl.)废墟，遗迹
[考]be in ruins 是一片废墟
bring／come to ruin 使毁灭
spoil vt．①损坏 ②宠坏，溺爱
damage vt．毁损，损害
n. ①(pl.)损害赔偿费②损害，毁坏
[考]do damage to 对……损害：The storm did damage to the crops．
hurt n．伤害，损害
vt. ①使受伤 ②伤害(感情)；
vi. 伤痛
harm v.／n．伤害，损害
[考]do harm to 损害，对……有害
harmful a. 有害的
[考] be harmful to 对……有害的
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