VOA标准英语2010年-Distracted Driving Killing More Americ

（单词翻译）

Car accidents are the number one killer¹ of teenagers in the United States.

Government data show that every year over 4,000 teens lose their lives in collisions that are caused mostly by "distracted drivng" - a term that includes everything from having too many noisy passengers, to using a cell phone while driving. 

Now, a new bill introduced in the U.S. Congress seeks to reduce this disturbing trend.

Forever 15

Ryan Didone was a typical, fun-loving teenager. He liked sports, riding his dirt bike and spending time with his friends and family.

But all that changed in a matter of minutes in the fall of 2008. Ryan and four of his friends were riding in a car when
the driver lost control and hit a tree.

Courtesy Capt. Thomas Didone
Ryan Didone, age 15

The impact was so severe it caused major injuries to all the car's occupants. Ryan was flown to a nearby hospital, where he died a short time later. He was 15 years old.

Grieving father

Capt. Thomas Didone has been with the Montgomery County, Maryland, Police Department for almost 25 years. He is Ryan's father.

"I was with my son the day he was born and I, unfortunately, had to be with my son in the hospital on the day he died. And that's something that I would never wish on any parent."

The irony³ of this tragic⁴ story is that Didone spent many years of his life teaching teenagers and their families about safe driving.

That his own son would one day lose his life in a car accident is something the police captain has had a hard time grappling with.

"I thought because I'd been working on teen safety for over 10 years and advocating that parents had to do more to make sure their kids were safe, to communicate with their kids to make sure their kids understood the situation, that it would never happen to me," he says.

Courtesy Capt. Thomas Didone
The aftermath of the accident that killed 15-year-old Ryan Didone.

Distracted driving nightmare

Didone says the crash that took his son's life was a direct result of distracted driving.

"It was an inexperienced, immature⁵ driver who felt that he was invincible⁶; driving at night with a car load of kids. He was distracted, he was going too fast, and it ended up causing one death and serious trauma⁷ and tragedy for the rest of the community."

Ryan's story is all too familiar. According to government estimates, of the more than 30,000 U.S. highway deaths reported in 2008,  about 12 percent involved drivers between the ages of 15 and 20. Most of those fatalities⁸ were the result of distracted driving.

Jim Jennings, a spokesperson for Allstate Insurance Company, says the number one cause of distracted-driving accidents is cell phones.

"If you're texting while driving, you are 23 times more likely to get into an accident than somebody who isn't," he says. "Reaching for a cell phone when it's going off, you're nine times more likely to get into an accident than normally driving." 

Jennings says talking on the phone and reaching for a cell phone "is akin⁹ to having four beers and driving."

'An epidemic¹⁰'

Ray LaHood, Secretary of the U. S. Department of Transportation, says distracted driving is a critical problem.

"I've called it an epidemic in America because just about every American, including many teens, own cell phones and they think they can talk and drive and do it safely, and they can't," he says. 

To counteract¹¹ this disturbing trend, government agencies and private companies are using public service announcements and safety events to raise awareness¹².

At a recent driving event near Washington, D.C., teenage drivers tested their driving skills on a closely-monitored obstacle course comparing how they drove with - and without - distraction¹³.

Orange cones¹⁴ on the track represented curves in the road. And testers threw large, inflatable dolls - representing children - in front of the cars at random¹⁵ mements to test the driver's reaction time.

Fran Hapke
Kevin Schumann, 19, tests his driving skills - with and without distractions¹⁶ - on an obstacle course in Washington, DC.

Sobering experience

Kevin Schumann, 19, was one of the drivers. First, he drove without a cell phone, and was able to easily navigate¹⁷ around the cones and dolls.

But then he was given a cell phone and asked to start texting.

Almost immediately, his driving pattern started to change. Kevin drove erratically¹⁸, knocked down several cones, and ran over at least one of the inflatable dolls.

Kevin found the experience to be eye-opening.

"With talking on the phone you at least are able to keep your eyes on the road, but [with] texting you have to take your eyes off the road and that makes you lose sight of anything," he says.

Knocking down the cones and hitting the makeshift kids said Kevin, "really opened up the experience for me to prove how bad it is to text and drive."

Debbie Pickford, another Allstate representative present at the event, says there are a number of reasons why teens in particular are at risk.

"What we know from research on teen brain development, is that teens don't really have fully¹⁹ developed brains until they're 25 years old," she says.

When you combine immature brain development and inexperience she says, "you get a much, much higher risk."

STAND UP Act

But things are starting to change.

New legislation that's been introduced in the U.S. Congress would require all states to implement²⁰ what's called a "Graduated Driver Licensing²¹" (GDL) system.

Under such a program, young drivers are prohibited from nighttime driving, are limited to the number of passengers they can have in their cars at one time and will be ineligible²² for a full driver's license²³ until they're 18 years old.

The program is designed to give teens a chance to build up their driving experience slowly, and over a longer period of time.

Courtesy Capt. Thomas Didone
Ryan's memorial marker at his high school

The legislation creating the new teen licensing program is now pending² in both the House of Representatives and the Senate.

In the meantime, people like Capt. Didone are using their personal experiences to help educate teens and their families about the dangers of distracted driving. He travels the country, sharing his story with the hope that it may save other lives.

"I never thought I'd be one of those parents that got that phone call, but I was. So I recognize the fact that if it can happen to me, it can happen to anyone."