听美文故事记6级单词05-01

（单词翻译）

UNIT 5 1. The Temple of Zeus

In his right hand a figure of Victory made from ivory and gold.In his left hand, his scepter inlaid with all metals, and an eagle perched on the sceptre.The sandals of the god are made of gold, as is his robe. Pausanias the Greek (2nd century AD)

This is the statue of the god in whose honor the Ancient Olympic games were held.It was located on the land that gave its very name to the Olympics.At the time of the games, wars stopped, and athletes came from Asia Minor¹, Syria, Egypt, and Sicily to celebrate the Olympics and to worship their king of gods: Zeus.

Location

　　At the ancient town of Olympia, on the west coast of modern Greece, about 150 km west of Athens.

History

　　The ancient Greek calendar starts in 776 BC, for the Olympic games are believed to have started that year.The magnificent temple of Zeus was designed by the architect Libon and was built around 450 BC.Under the growing power of ancient Greece, the simple Doric-style temple seemed too mundane², and modifications³ were needed.The solution: A majestic⁴ statue.The Athenian sculptor⁵ Pheidias

was assigned for the "sacred" task, reminiscent of Michelangelo's

paintings at the Sistine Chapel⁶.

For the years that followed, the temple attracted visitors and worshippers from all over the world.In the second century BC repairs were skillfully made to the aging statue.In the first century AD, the Roman emperor Caligula attempted to transport the statue to Rome.However, his attempt failed when the scaffolding built by Caligula's workmen collapsed⁷.After the Olympic games were banned in AD 391 by the emperor Theodosius I as Pagan practices, the temple of Zeus was ordered closed.

Olympia was further struck by earthquakes, landslides⁸ and floods, and the temple was damaged by fire in the fifth century AD.Earlier, the statue had been transported by wealthy Greeks to a palace in Constantinople.There, it survived until it was destroyed by a severe fire in AD 462.Today nothing remains⁹ at the site of the old temple except rocks and debris¹⁰, the foundation of the buildings, and fallen columns.