英语常见错误B系列之二

　　[误] The meeting¹ will begin from Monday.

　　[正] The meeting will begin on Monday.

　　[误] The film has begun for ten minutes.

　　[正] The film has been on for ten minutes.

　　[析] begin是瞬间动词，所以它的完成时态不能接表示一段时间的状语，如：The film has begun. 这句话是对的，即"电影已经开始"。但要讲已经开始10分钟了则要用has been on即"上演了10分钟"。

　　begin、start

　　begin与start两词后面加不定式或动名词都可以，且意思并无区别，但在表达习惯时接动名词的用法较多，如：How old wern you when you first started learning² English?但这两个词的进行时态中则多用不定式，如：I was³ beginning⁴ to get hungry. 但如果句子的主语是物而不是人，则多用不定式，如：The ice began to melt⁵. It started to get dark⁶ before we got⁷ to school. 当动词是表达某种心理状态时，要用不定式，如：The student began to understand his mistakes⁸.

　　[误] They study hard in the class from the beginning to the end.

　　[正] They study hard in the class from beginning to end.

　　[析] from beginning to end是习惯用法，即自始至终，不要加冠词，但如单独使用则要加冠词，例如：At the beginning,the teacher gave⁹ us an exam¹⁰.

　　behind

　　[误] He missed the class because he was behind the time.

　　[正] He missed the class because he was behind time.

　　[析] behind time一短语意为"晚了"，而behind the times意为"落后于时代"。behind是介词同时又是副词，如Come out from behind the door(介词). He's a long way behind(副词). He fell¹¹ behind with his classmates(副词).

　　below¹²

　　[误] What's that below the chair.

　　[正] What's that under the chair.

　　[析] under意为"正下方"，而below意为"比……低"，或指"在下游"。如：There is a fall below the river. (河的下游有一个瀑布。)其反义词为over，如：There is a big plane flying over the city. 但在"下面的例子"一表达语中则要用the example below, 而不要用under.

　　beside

　　[误] The students stood¹³ besides¹⁴ the teacher.

　　[正] The students stood beside the teacher.

　　[误] I study English beside Chinese.

　　[正] I study English besides Chinese.

　　[析] beside意为"在……旁边"，而besides是"除……以外(还如何)"。

　　beside、by、near

　　beside意为"在……旁"，如：There is a tall tree beside the river. by多指"倚、靠"、"沿着"之意，如：She is standing¹⁵ by the window. near多用来表示两地间距离不远，如：There is a post office near our school.

　　better

　　[误] You had¹⁶ better to do it at home.

　　[正] You had better do it at home.

　　[误] You hadn't better wake¹⁷ me up at six.

　　[正] You had better not wake me up at six.

　　[析] had better在肯定句中为"应该作某事"，其后加不带to的不定式，而在否定句中应用had better+not+动词原形。在简答语中had常省略为'd，如：You'd better not. 又如：

　　Let's go first. No, we'd better not.

　　between

　　[误] Among¹⁸ the two trees there is a space of the feet.

　　[正] Between the two trees there is a space of the feet.

　　[析] 两者之间多用between，三者或三者以上之间则用among.

　　[误] You must choose between this club¹⁹ or that club.

　　[正] You must choose between this club and that club.

　　[析] 在两个之间作出选择要用between…and…，而不能用between…or….

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