VOA标准英语2011--Massive Russian Protest Poses Growing Challenge to Putin

（单词翻译）

Massive Russian Protest Poses Growing Challenge to Putin

When Russia’s protest movement started three weeks ago, many in the Kremlin calculated that winter would kill it off. Saturday's rally to protest alleged¹ fraud in the December 4 parliamentary elections, however, was bigger than the first large protest on December 10.

The protesters shouted “New Elections, New Elections,” and organizers say their densely² packed mass on Sakharov Avenue reached 100,000 people, which would exceed the numbers who showed up to protest at a similar rally in Moscow two weeks ago.
Russian police estimated this Saturday's turnout at only 30,000.

The crowd Saturday wanted free elections and protested the allegedly tainted³ victory on December 4 of Prime Minister Vladimir Putin's United Russia party.

A multicolored sea of flags - of liberals and communists, monarchists and anarchists⁴ - all waved at one rally for one goal: fair elections in Russia.

Demanding change now

Alexei Navalny, an internet blogger and rising star of the opposition⁵, bellowed⁶ through towers of loudspeakers that enough people were gathered to storm Prime Minister Putin’s offices.

Demonstrators hold Russian opposition flags during a rally protesting against election fraud in Moscow, Saturday, Dec. 24, 2011.

He said that Russia’s opposition is peaceful - for now. But he vowed⁷ that “next year the leaders will change.”

The United Russia party denies the charges of election fraud raised by Navalny and others.

Saturday’s mass rally indicated, though, how sharply the mood seems to have turned against Putin.

Focus on Putin

In a gathering⁸ peppered with homemade signs, one man carried a photograph of Putin wearing a white winter shawl shaped like a condom.

Many protesters were insulted last week when Russia’s Prime Minister joked that he confused their white ribbons of peace with condoms.

Bundled in wool scarves and parkas, the crowd rocked as one rapper ridiculed⁹ Putin and corruption¹⁰ in Russia.

Putin has further insulted the protest movement by using old Cold War charges to say that people were demonstrating for money and that they only hit the streets after U.S. Secretary of State Hillary Clinton gave the signal.

Grigory Nikolaevich Zaichenko, a 61-year-old retiree, walked the edges of the crowd holding up a sign that asked, “Where is the money Hillary is handing out?”

He said the combination of blatant¹¹ fraud and the new ability to communicate through the internet meant that people’s patience has run out.

Kremlin's maneuverings

The Kremlin apparently¹² hoped to cut the protest turnout by issuing a statement Saturday morning saying that the government is hurrying through new laws that will liberalize the registration¹³ of parties and presidential candidates.

But hours before the rally, the presidential human rights panel that advises the Kremlin called for the resignation of Russia’s election chief and for new parliamentary elections.

In another reflection of the opposition’s growing strength, Alexei Kudrin, a former finance minister, spoke¹⁴ at the rally. He called for dismissal of the election commissioner¹⁵ and new parliamentary elections.

Looking out at the crowd that stretched for nearly one kilometer, Kudrin said that only dialogue between the opposition and the Kremlin would avoid revolution.

But Leonid Parfyonov, a TV journalist, warned attendees that Russia’s drive for democracy is now or never.

He said if Putin wins a six-year term in the March 4 presidential election, his time in office could equal that of the long-serving Soviet¹⁶ leader Leonid Brezhnev.

Laying out a plan

Mikhail Kasyanov, a former Prime Minister, offered the opposition’s road map for Russia’s political future: Postpone¹⁷ presidential elections to the end of April; hold new, fair and open parliamentary elections next December.

Andrei, a 28-year-old company worker, said he came to the rally to demand the cancellation¹⁸ of the recent parliamentary elections.

“We think that parliamentary election results were a fake actually, so we want the results canceled,” he said.

Reflecting the nationwide nature of the protest movement, demonstrations¹⁹ were also held Saturday in St. Petersburg and dozens of other Russian cities.

By far the biggest was in Moscow, on Sakharov Avenue, a broad boulevard named after the Soviet dissident, Andrei Sakharov.

Ilya, a 31-year-old arts worker, came to the rally with a black-and-white photo of Sakharov pinned to his parka. He said that many of Sakharov’s democracy slogans from the Soviet perestroika period are relevant to Russia today.

In a reminder²⁰ that Russia, the world’s biggest country, can make large and sudden political changes, this Sunday, Christmas Day, marks 20 years since former Soviet leader Mikhail Gorbachev appeared on national television and dissolved the Soviet Union.