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职称英语考试语法复习指导:条件状语从句

时间:2012-02-24 03:22:31

(单词翻译:单击)

   条件状语从句:分真实条件句和非真实条件句(虚拟语气)

  重点:在条件(时间)状语中,用一般时代替将来时(可参见时间状语从句例子)
  虚拟语气(见“第六讲”)
  主要连接词:
  (1)if / unless (除非 = if not 如果不)
  例如:
  Children should not be taken into the room of a very sick person ______ there is some special reason for it.
  A.except B. besides C. unlessD.whereas
  解题思路:根据上面说过的连接原则,这里必须是一个“连接词”,而A,B都是介词,因此正确答案只能在C,D中选。“whereas”意为“而”,故正确答案为C.(不应把儿童带到重病人房间,除非有某种特殊原因。)
  (2)provided / on condition that (跟句子) (如果…)知道这也是连接词就可以了,一般说,当考题中出现这种词时,应倾向选择。
  3) 原因状语从句:
  主要连接词:because/ since / as
  要点:不要把连接词 because与介词短语because of ( + 名词或-ing形式) 相混淆;
  不要把表示原因的since与表示时间的since“自从…”相混淆;
  不要把表示原因的as与表示时间的as“随着…”相混淆;
  顺便提一下, because表示直接“因果关系”,而since, as 是对事实的说明,主句和从句之间并不一定具有“因果关系”。
  例如:
  As you are already 18 years old, you should know what to do and what not to do. (你已经18岁了,应该知道什么该干什么不该干。)
  这个句子用because连接就不太合适。好在军队职称考试中并不要求作这种分辨。
  …for 注意:一般只能放在主句后面,即主句 + for从句,例如:
  He must have gone to bed, for it is too late. (他肯定已经睡了;现在已经很晚了。)—— 该句不能用because
  now that / seeing that / considering that (由于…)
  Seeing that this problem was settled, they proceeded to the next one.(鉴于这个问题已经解决,他们开始进行下一个问题。)
  …in that(在于…)一般放在主句后面,例如:
  Humans are superior to animals in that they can use languages as a tool to communicate. (人比动物高等,因为人能以语言作为工具进行交际。)

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0 humans cbf07d0fe08e4c48048f392118e682d8     
n.人,人类( human的名词复数 )
参考例句:
  • Humans cannot digest plants such as grass. 人不能消化草类植物。
  • The bacteria are harmless to humans. 这些细菌对人无害。
0 late GxFyK     
adj.迟的,晚的;已故的;adv.很晚,很迟,晚
参考例句:
  • Why are you so late?你为什么这样晚呢?
  • I'm a little late.我有点迟了。
0 tool YJPzi     
n.工具,器具
参考例句:
  • You'll need a special tool to do that.干那个活儿要用专用工具。
  • A foreign language is a useful tool.外语是有用的工具。
0 unless SjOwz     
conj.如果不,除非
参考例句:
  • You will fail unless you work hard.如果你不积极工作,就会失败。
  • Don't ask me to explain unless you really don't understand.不要叫我解释,除非你真的不懂。
0 sick JyYw1     
adj.有病的,患病的;恶心的;(of)厌恶的
参考例句:
  • Our Chinese teacher was sick yesterday.我们的语文老师昨天病了。
  • I feel a little sick.我觉得有点恶心。
0 animals animals     
n.动物( animal的名词复数 );兽;兽性;粗野残暴的人
参考例句:
  • The time has come for action if these beautiful animals are to survive. 若要使这些美丽的动物能生存下去,现在就要行动起来。
  • All horses are animals, but not all animals are horses. 所有的马都是动物,但并不是所有的动物都是马。
0 special 9r3y6     
adj.特别的;特征的,特殊的
参考例句:
  • The poorer countries have special problems.贫穷的国家存在着特殊的问题。
  • He showed special interest in science.他对科学表现出特殊的兴趣。
0 considering mY7yS     
prep.考虑到,就…而论adv.〈口〉细想起来,认真说,委实v.考虑( consider的现在分词)
参考例句:
  • She's very active, considering her age. 就她的年龄来说,她是十分活跃的。
  • We are considering the options available to us in this no-win situation. 在这种取胜无望的情形下,我们在考虑有什么选择。
0 since syswX     
adv.后来;conj.既然,因为,自从;prep.自从
参考例句:
  • He's been working in a bank since leaving school.自从毕业后,他就一直在一家银行工作。
  • I have known him ever since I was a child.我自孩提时代起就已经认识他了。
0 besides jQsyH     
adv.此外;并且;prep.于…之外;除…以外
参考例句:
  • He had other people to take care of besides me.除了我以外,他还需要照料其他人。
  • Besides English, he has to study German and French.除英语外,他还要学德语和法语。
0 as pNiyL     
conj.按照;如同
参考例句:
  • He got work in a hotel as a waiter.他在一家旅馆找到了当服务生的工作。
  • In the hotel,the old men were drinking away as usual.在旅馆里,这些老人和往常一样喝个不停。
0 settled 4iszma     
a.固定的;稳定的
参考例句:
  • The dispute was settled without acrimony. 没有唇枪舌剑,这场纠纷就解决了。
  • a settled way of life 安定的生活方式
0 superior LsqwV     
n.上级,高手,上标;adj.上层的,上好的,出众的,高傲的
参考例句:
  • This machine is superior in many respects to that.这台机器在很多方面比那台好。
  • He acted in obedience to the orders of his superior.他是遵照他的上级指示行动的。
0 proceeded b78129e1845f27577f6587d1cca78a2a     
v.进行( proceed的过去式和过去分词 );前进;(沿特定路线)行进;(尤指打断后)继续说
参考例句:
  • The lawyer proceeded to tackle him on this subject. 律师在这一问题上继续与他交涉。 来自《简明英汉词典》
  • The horse proceeded at a walk. 马儿慢慢前进。 来自《简明英汉词典》
0 whereas XgQwB     
conj.而,却,反之
参考例句:
  • They want a house,whereas we would rather live in a flat.他们想要一座房子,而我们宁愿住在一套房间里。
  • Some praise him,whereas others condemn him.有些人赞扬他,而有些人谴责他。
0 already wLByk     
adv.已经
参考例句:
  • We have eaten already.我们已经吃过了。
  • I've been there already,so I don't want to go again.我早已去过那里了,所以我不想再去了。
0 years 75aeb98e5241592ad6a6c2c4c78a16ef     
n.年( year的名词复数 );年纪;一年的期间;某年级的学生
参考例句:
  • She is still very active, in spite of her advancing years. 她尽管年事渐高,仍然十分活跃。
  • Travelling in Europe was something of an anticlimax after the years he'd spent in Africa. 他在非洲生活了多年,到欧洲旅行真是有点太平淡了。
0 was bglwv     
v.(is,am的过去式)是,在
参考例句:
  • He said he was right.他说他是正确的。
  • He was cold and hungry.他又冷又饿。
0 except Wn2xN     
v.除,除外,反对;prep.除了...之外,若不是,除非
参考例句:
  • Everybody is here except tom.除了汤姆大家都到了。
  • He never came except when he was in trouble. 除非有了困难,他从来不到这里来。
0 communicate ZXUyn     
vt.传达,传播;vi.交流,沟通,联通
参考例句:
  • I'm afraid we just don't communicate.恐怕我们没法交流。
  • Parents communicate with school by internet.家长通过因特网和学校联系。
0 languages f3e334d42863e8250c7d03efefbfd387     
n.语言( language的名词复数 );表达方式;(某民族、某国家的)语言文字;计算机语言
参考例句:
  • I don't want to boast, but I can actually speak six languages. 不是我吹嘘,我确实能讲六种语言。
  • She has always excelled in foreign languages. 她的外语从来都是出类拔萃。
0 use Yj4wU     
v.使用;n.用途,利用
参考例句:
  • Do you often use it?你经常用它吗?
  • What use does it have?它有什么用途?
0 reason lTYxU     
n.原因,理由,理智,道理;v.劝说,推理
参考例句:
  • That is the reason why we must go now.那就是我们现在必须走的理由。
  • The reason for the flood was that heavy rain.水灾是那场大雨造成的。
0 problem hQaxH     
n.问题;难题
参考例句:
  • The problem is ongoing.这个问题尚未解决。
  • This problem is too hard for me to solve.这个问题太难,我解决不了。
0 because EQXyl     
conj.由于,因为
参考例句:
  • Because his car is old.因为他的汽车旧了。
  • He was late because of an accident.他是因事故而迟到的。
0 condition qYYyn     
n.条件,状况,情况,地位;v.调节,制约,以…为条件
参考例句:
  • The house is in a good condition.房子条件良好。
  • His condition has more or less improved.他的情况多少有些改善。
0 person QMBxI     
n.人
参考例句:
  • I would never trust in that kind of person.我绝不会相信那种人。
  • She is the very person I wanted to see.她正是我要见的人。