VOA标准英语2012--Citizens' Access to Information Limited in Many Countries

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“Seeking and receiving information is a fundamental human right," stresses Joel Simon, Executive Director of the Committee to Protect Journalists, an independent organization that promotes press freedom worldwide. His organization recently published a report on the world’s 10 most-censored³ nations. The East African country of Eritrea is at the top of the list.

“Eritrea is just completely closed," he explained. "No journalists are getting in. There are no international bureaus. It’s completely censored. ”

But Dawit Haile from the Eritrean embassy in Washington says the report is groundless. 

"There are various and many types of satellite dishes that are available throughout the city," Haile noted⁴, "but also the countryside - also the city is filled with internet cafes, and people read all kinds of information.”

Eritrea is not alone. This year's CPJ list includes countries like North Korea, Syria, Iran, Equatorial Guinea, Uzbekistan, Burma, Cuba, Belarus, and a new entry from the Middle East. 

“Saudi Arabia has long been a closed society," explained Simon of the CPJ. "A wide range of political criticism that might be defined as blasphemy⁵, as criticism of religious institutions, is heavily suppressed.” 

No immediate⁶ response to the report was available from the Saudi embassy in Washington.

Although professional journalists continue to play a critical role, more of the information flow is being provided by citizen journalists, through blogs and social media platforms. Mark Jurkowitz is with the Pew Research Center’s Excellence⁷ in Journalism⁸ project - a non-partisan and non-profit organization. 

“We have seen journalism, or at least the disseminating⁹ of news and information, move from just those who had the ability to own a printing press or a TV station to frankly¹⁰ almost anyone, any citizen. That’s a tremendously important development,” noted Jurkowitz. 

In the age of information overload¹¹, it can sometimes be hard to know what's true. And governments are still able to censor² information - protecting their own interests, often at the expense of people's right to know. But despite the never-ending challenges of news gathering¹², most journalists go out every day with a simple goal of giving the viewer, listener or reader the truth. Most journalists take that role seriously, some even paying the ultimate price. So far this year, 17 journalists have died. 

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