VOA标准英语2012--Experts: Tightening Iran Sanctions Hurts Ordinary Iranians

（单词翻译）

Experts: Tightening² Iran Sanctions Hurts Ordinary Iranians

Tehran's refusal to address international concerns about its atomic ambitions has forced the United States and the United Nations to tighten¹ sanctions on Iran. U.S. authorities are investigating the Royal Bank of Scotland and Germany's second-biggest lender, Commerzbank, in an effort that already has led to large fines for others caught doing business with Iran.

Effects of sanctions

Iran's economy has suffered greatly from the sanctions, according to David Tafuri, a partner at the Washington D.C.-based law firm Patton Boggs, which is active in Middle East development.

"It's certainly made it difficult for Iran to sell oil, which is the main source of funds for Iran," he said. "So Iran needs money, not just to keep the economy going, but to continue these weapons programs."

But Jamal Abdi, policy director of the National Iranian American Council, says U.S. policy toward Iran is doing more harm than good.

"We've gone from a policy that was supposed to be smart sanctions or targeted sanctions instead to ones that are designed to cripple the entire Iranian economy, and this is a counterproductive approach," he said. "This hurts ordinary people. It obstructs³ rather than facilitates diplomacy⁴. And at the end of the day, I think it's going to put us on a collision course for a military confrontation⁵ with Iran."

So what do ordinary Iranians think?

"A lot of people see the reason behind the sanctions, which is the nuclear crisis, but they don't see that. A lot of people don't see that connected to their daily lives," said Negar Mortazavi, host of VOA Persian News Network's "Straight Talk" program. "But they see sanctions connected to their daily lives."

Mortazavi says people call in to her program to complain about rising food prices.

One viewer shows how the price of milk increased by 14 percent in only four days. Another viewer submitted a satirical picture of a "chicken tea bag," mocking how chicken is so expensive that the same bird has to be used to prepare several meals.

"It's an unfortunate by-product⁶ of sanctions. And really, oftentimes it's the people who don't support the regime in these countries that are hurt the most by the sanctions, which is very sad and unfortunate," said David Tafuri. "But sanctions, by their nature, have to be universal and comprehensive. You can't really make exceptions."

Many experts say that relying on international sanctions to dissuade⁷ Iran from pursuing nuclear weapons will be a difficult and lengthy⁸ process.

"I just hope this process of building leverage⁹, we can actually use that leverage before it reaches a breaking point," Jamal Abdi said.

And Tafuri, Abdi, and other experts say the possibility of a military confrontation could increase as the impasse¹⁰ over Iran's nuclear program continues. 

VOA's Persian News Network contributed to this report.