英语听力：探索发现 2012-11-21 美洲大平原 American Serengeti—11
时间：2014-01-26 03:53:03
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（单词翻译）
In a Colorado gully, hunters carried out a mammoth1 massacre2, leaving behind the remains3 of at least 16 animals. The site recreated here contains a treasure trove4 of evidence relating to the mammoth's daily life. Again by comparing mammoth bones to elephant's, we can calculate the sex and age of all the animals that died here, and deduce the make-up of a Columbian mammoth herd5.
These are the bones of
juveniles6, up to around 14 years old, both males and females. Several adults lied here, too, all females, including one huge
specimen7, at least 40 years old. This range of age and sex exactly matches that of a modern-day African elephant herd. An older matriarch, the leader of the herd, is accompanied by her daughters and other female relatives. And they in turn are with their young, both male and female.
But where were the adult males when this herd was destroyed? A unique clue to their lives was uncovered in Nebraska. Recreated here are the
skulls8 of two gigantic males that died with their
tusks9 interlocked. How could this have happened? Again our best bet is to look at elephant society. During the breeding season, sexually mature bull elephants fight for access to the female
herds10. The
tangled11 tusks are direct evidence that mammoths were aggressive,too.
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