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英语听力：自然百科 以色列发现最古老希伯莱文字

时间：2014-04-22 07:33:20

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（单词翻译）

 An Israeli archeologist in Jerusalem believes a ceramic1 shard2 found in the ruins of an ancient town bears the oldest Hebrew inscription3 ever discovered.

 
The site overlooks the Elah Valley, said to be the scene of the slingshot showdown between David and the Philistine4 giant Goliath.
The five lines of faded characters have yet to be deciphered, but the finding indicates that a powerful Israelite Kingdom existed at the time of the Old Testament’s King David. 
 
"This is the oldest Hebrew inscription ever found. It is three thousand years old from the time of King David , first found in archeological excavations5 this summer at Hirbet Qeiyafa."
 
Carbon-14 analysis of burnt olive pits found in the same layer of the site dated the shard to between 1000 and 975 B.C., the same time as David’s rule in Jerusalem. History's best known Hebrew text, the Dead Sea scrolls6 were written 850 years later.
 
Other scholars, however, are hesitant to embrace Garfinkel's interpretation7 of the find, debating whether the Bible's account of events and geography is meant to be taken literally8. There is also doubt that the text is Hebrew and not a related language spoken in the area at that time. Some scholars and archeologists argue that the Bible's account of David's time inflates9 his importance and that of his kingdom and is essentially10 myth, perhaps rooted in a shred11 of fact.
 
Modern Zionism has traditionally seen archaeology12 as a way of strengthening the Jewish claim to Israel. So if Garfinkel's claim is supported, it would bolster13 the case for the Bible's accuracy, indicating that the settlement was probably inhabited by Israelites.

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1 ceramic lUsyc     
n.制陶业，陶器，陶瓷工艺
参考例句：
  • The order for ceramic tiles has been booked in.瓷砖的订单已登记下来了。
  • Some ceramic works of art are shown in this exhibition.这次展览会上展出了一些陶瓷艺术品。
2 shard wzDwU     
n.（陶瓷器、瓦等的）破片，碎片
参考例句：
  • Eyewitnesses spoke of rocks and shards of glass flying in the air.目击者称空中石块和玻璃碎片四溅。
  • That's the same stuff we found in the shard.那与我们发现的碎片在材质上一样。
3 inscription l4ZyO     
n.（尤指石块上的）刻印文字，铭文，碑文
参考例句：
  • The inscription has worn away and can no longer be read.铭文已磨损，无法辨认了。
  • He chiselled an inscription on the marble.他在大理石上刻碑文。
4 philistine 1A2yG     
n.庸俗的人；adj.市侩的，庸俗的
参考例句：
  • I believe he seriously thinks me an awful Philistine.我相信，他真的认为我是个不可救药的庸人。
  • Do you know what a philistine is,jim?吉姆，知道什么是庸俗吗?
5 excavations 185c90d3198bc18760370b8a86c53f51     
n.挖掘( excavation的名词复数 )；开凿；开凿的洞穴（或山路等）；（发掘出来的）古迹
参考例句：
  • The excavations are open to the public. 发掘现场对公众开放。
  • This year's excavations may reveal ancient artifacts. 今年的挖掘可能会发现史前古器物。 来自辞典例句
6 scrolls 3543d1f621679b6ce6ec45f8523cf7c0     
n.（常用于录写正式文件的）纸卷( scroll的名词复数 )；卷轴；涡卷形（装饰）；卷形花纹v.（电脑屏幕上）从上到下移动（资料等），卷页( scroll的第三人称单数 )；（似卷轴般）卷起；（像展开卷轴般地）将文字显示于屏幕
参考例句：
  • Either turn it off or only pick up selected stuff like wands, rings and scrolls. 把他关掉然后只捡你需要的物品，像是魔杖(wand)，戒指(rings)和滚动条(scrolls)。 来自互联网
  • Ancient scrolls were found in caves by the Dead Sea. 死海旁边的山洞里发现了古代的卷轴。 来自辞典例句
7 interpretation P5jxQ     
n.解释，说明，描述；艺术处理
参考例句：
  • His statement admits of one interpretation only.他的话只有一种解释。
  • Analysis and interpretation is a very personal thing.分析与说明是个很主观的事情。
8 literally 28Wzv     
adv.照字面意义，逐字地；确实
参考例句：
  • He translated the passage literally.他逐字逐句地翻译这段文字。
  • Sometimes she would not sit down till she was literally faint.有时候，她不走到真正要昏厥了，决不肯坐下来。
9 inflates ad94ef1beb7a2e124456b1879e423c7c     
v.使充气（于轮胎、气球等）( inflate的第三人称单数 )；（使）膨胀；（使）通货膨胀；物价上涨
参考例句：
  • Mass advertising often inflates prices rather than reducing them. 大宗广告常常是抬高物价而不是降低。 来自辞典例句
  • The device periodically inflates the cuff and takes a blood pressure reading. 定期气囊打气及进行血压读数。 来自互联网
10 essentially nntxw     
adv.本质上，实质上，基本上
参考例句：
  • Really great men are essentially modest.真正的伟人大都很谦虚。
  • She is an essentially selfish person.她本质上是个自私自利的人。
11 shred ETYz6     
v.撕成碎片，变成碎片；n.碎布条，细片，些少
参考例句：
  • There is not a shred of truth in what he says.他说的全是骗人的鬼话。
  • The food processor can shred all kinds of vegetables.这架食品加工机可将各种蔬菜切丝切条。
12 archaeology 0v2zi     
n.考古学
参考例句：
  • She teaches archaeology at the university.她在大学里教考古学。
  • He displayed interest in archaeology.他对考古学有兴趣。
13 bolster ltOzK     
n.枕垫；v.支持，鼓励
参考例句：
  • The high interest rates helped to bolster up the economy.高利率使经济更稳健。
  • He tried to bolster up their morale.他尽力鼓舞他们的士气。

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