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时间：2015-10-28 05:51:00

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 Conscious, human-like machines are so popular in science fiction that it may come as a surprise to learn Artificial Intelligence researchers aren't even sure what it means to ask whether a computer will ever think.   In the middle of the last century, British mathematician1 Alan Turing proposed the following test for determining whether a computer could think. Put it in a room, he said, connected to the outside world only by a teletype machine. Have a human experimenter hold a conversation with "whomever" is in the room only by means of typed messages. If the person sending and receiving messages cannot tell whether another human being or a machine is inside the sealed room, the machine passes its "thinking" exam.

This imaginary scenario2 is called "The Turing Test."But wait! You probably just said. How can the ability to fool someone into thinking that a machine is a person prove the machine can think? Well, Turing suggested, isn't that the same criterion we apply to each other every day? You don't really know anything about what's inside someone else. All you know is how they respond.
What Turing really wanted to do with this scenario was suggest that the question "Can machines think?" is much too vague to be useful. Perhaps we should just ask: "Can machines act like humans?" It may be the same thing.
Does this make you uncomfortable? Many psychologists, philosophers and computer researchers aren't convinced by Turing's argument -- but some are. Whether he was right or wrong, the "Turing Test" is a useful mind-game because it gets us to question many of the things we think we know...about thinking.  

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1 mathematician aoPz2p     
n.数学家
参考例句：
  • The man with his back to the camera is a mathematician.背对着照相机的人是位数学家。
  • The mathematician analyzed his figures again.这位数学家再次分析研究了他的这些数字。
2 scenario lZoxm     
n.剧本，脚本；概要
参考例句：
  • But the birth scenario is not completely accurate.然而分娩脚本并非完全准确的。
  • This is a totally different scenario.这是完全不同的剧本。

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