2006年VOA标准英语-Minimally Invasive Surgery is New Trend

（单词翻译）

By Melinda Smith
Washington, DC
27 July 2006
 
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Having surgery used to mean the permanent memento¹ of an ugly scar.  But the trend in modern surgery is something called "M.I.P.", which stands for Minimally² Invasive Procedure.  There are distinct advantages to M.I.P. 

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Brenda Voulgardies speaks with her doctor   
  
When tests showed Brenda Voulgarides had a lump on her thyroid, she went to her doctor, who decided³ it needed to be removed.  Doctor Glenn Peters, a head and neck surgeon at the University of Alabama at Birmingham, recommended a minimally invasive surgery rather than a traditional surgical⁴ procedure.

 
Dr. Glenn Peters
  
"The minimally invasive [surgery] involves an incision⁵ that is about an inch long in the lower neck and it's usually oriented within natural skin lines of the neck, so that it blends in with the creases⁶ that go across the neck," says Dr. Peters.

Minimally invasive procedures were first done a half-century ago for head and neck surgery.  The technique has been expanded for almost everything from an appendectomy to gall⁷ bladder surgery, ligament repair, even some areas of the heart. 

Surgeons see the procedure on a monitor as surgery is being performed   
  
Surgeons insert thin tubes, called trocars, into small incisions⁸.  Then carbon dioxide gas is pumped to inflate⁹ the abdomen¹⁰ and create a working space between the organs and skin.  Surgeons use a tiny camera to see what needs to be done. Minimally invasive procedures have some advantages over conventional surgery -- less recovery time and less pain for the patient, plus a shorter hospitalization and less small scarring.

Tests showed the nodule on Brenda Voulgarides's thyroid was not cancerous.  She went home the same day as the surgery.  The scar is barely visible a few weeks after surgery.

"I have piece of mind now that that nodule's gone," said Voulgarides.

Minimally invasive procedures are not for everyone.  Patients who are obese¹¹ are not good candidates. Neither are those with previous abdominal¹² surgery, or people who suffer abnormal bleeding in the operating room. 

The majority of minimally invasive procedures are done in American medical centers. But it has become increasingly popular elsewhere in the world.