2006年VOA标准英语-US Lobbying Efforts Influence Policy in Middle

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By Sondang Sirait and Yuni Wilcox
Washington, DC
14 September 2006
 
watch Lobbying in US report
 
  
  
Lobbying -- the influencing of public officials -- is a big part of the political process in the United States, with thousands of groups representing a wide spectrum¹ of causes. Over the years, the Jewish-American lobby has emerged as very influential² on issues relating to Middle East. But over the last few years, the Arab-American lobby's influence has grown significantly. On behalf of VOA producers Sondang Sirait and Yuni Wilcox, Jim Bertel narrates³.

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America's unwavering support for Israel has often been a source of contention⁴ in the Middle East. Many Arab-Americans say this was evident during the recent conflict between Israel and Hezbollah in Lebanon. Israel's influence with decision makers⁵ is partly the result of the strong pro-Israeli lobby in the U.S. 

 
Eugene Bird 
  
Eugene Bird is from the Council for the National Interest, a pro-Palestinian lobby group in Washington D.C. "We [the U.S.] are the greatest Jewish power. We have 5.5 million Jews, more Jews here than other [country] in the world. They are an important part of our community.”

Several pro-Israeli lobbying groups declined VOA's requests for interviews. However, lobbying experts say the pro-Israeli lobby is among the most active in influencing U.S. foreign policy. 

Massie Ritsch   
  
Massie Ritsch is from the Center for Responsive Politics, a non-partisan organization that tracks campaign contributions. "Money influences politics, and campaign contributions and lobbying do have an influence on American government. The pro-Israeli lobby is probably the most influential among foreign interests. They account for about one quarter of the money spent on federal lobbying."

 
Nihad Awad 
  
On the other hand, Nihad Awad of the Council on American-Islamic Relations says the pro-Arab-lobby is in its infancy⁶. "The pro-Arab or Islamic lobby in the United States is a new phenomenon. When we work in this young organization, which is 12 years, compared to 60- or 90-year-old Jewish organizations [that] have been working on influencing the administration and the Congress to [support] Israel. We do not look at it that way. We look at it as, we are a civic⁷ organization that cares about domestic issues."

Analyst⁸ Massie Ritsch says money equals influence. "Pro-Israel interests spend more than one million dollars per year lobbying Congress and other arms of the government. Pro-Arab interests in 2005 spent about one-third of that. It is definitely not an even fight, if it is a fight at all between the two sides."

The Center for Responsive Politics notes that the top recipient⁹ of campaign donations from the pro-Israeli lobby is opposition¹⁰ Democratic Party Senator Hillary Rodham Clinton. This election cycle alone the junior senator from the northeastern state of New York received $83,000 in donations from pro-Israeli groups.

For pro-Arab lobbyists the numbers are much more modest. The largest donation went to Republican Party Senator Lincoln Chafee from the northeastern state of Rhode Island, who received $3,000 from pro-Arab interests.