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【英语时差8,16】如何得知地球在24小时之类自转一周的呢？-下

时间：2016-03-28 02:27:19

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（单词翻译）

 If you drop the ball, gravity will pull it toward the center of the earth, but will not diminish that extra eastward1 speed. So as the ball falls it’ll outrun the ground and land slightly east of the straight-down point. Edwin H. Hall, a Harvard University physicist2, looked for this effect in 1902. Working in an enclosed tower, he dropped one-inch bronze balls from a height of 75 feet into a pan of tallow. Hall was careful. He built a mechanism3 to release the ball without jiggle or spin, and a cloth tube to protect the path of fall from breezes. He used high-precision surveying telescopes to measure the position of a plumb4 line before each drop, and the position of the ball afterward5. He made a total of 948 drops. The Result? The average eastward deflection was just as predicted by Newton’s laws for a 75-foot tower at the latitude6 of Cambridge, Massachusetts: about one-seventeenth of an inch.


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1 eastward CrjxP     
adv.向东；adj.向东的；n.东方，东部
参考例句：
  • The river here tends eastward.这条河从这里向东流。
  • The crowd is heading eastward,believing that they can find gold there.人群正在向东移去，他们认为在那里可以找到黄金。
2 physicist oNqx4     
n.物理学家，研究物理学的人
参考例句：
  • He is a physicist of the first rank.他是一流的物理学家。
  • The successful physicist never puts on airs.这位卓有成就的物理学家从不摆架子。
3 mechanism zCWxr     
n.机械装置；机构，结构
参考例句：
  • The bones and muscles are parts of the mechanism of the body.骨骼和肌肉是人体的组成部件。
  • The mechanism of the machine is very complicated.这台机器的结构是非常复杂的。
4 plumb Y2szL     
adv.精确地，完全地；v.了解意义，测水深
参考例句：
  • No one could plumb the mystery.没人能看破这秘密。
  • It was unprofitable to plumb that sort of thing.这种事弄个水落石出没有什么好处。
5 afterward fK6y3     
adv.后来；以后
参考例句：
  • Let's go to the theatre first and eat afterward. 让我们先去看戏，然后吃饭。
  • Afterward,the boy became a very famous artist.后来，这男孩成为一个很有名的艺术家。
6 latitude i23xV     
n.纬度，行动或言论的自由(范围)，(pl.)地区
参考例句：
  • The latitude of the island is 20 degrees south.该岛的纬度是南纬20度。
  • The two cities are at approximately the same latitude.这两个城市差不多位于同一纬度上。

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