2007年VOA标准英语-Microsoft to Tackle 'Digital Divide' in Africa

U.S. software giant Microsoft this week unveiled the latest version of its operating system, Windows Vista¹. Soon, African users may be able to boot up their computers using their native tongue because African language versions of the program are being developed. For VOA, Jordan Davis reports from Dakar.

Windows Vista

But some say the "digital divide" will not disappear if computers do not operate in the same language as their users.

Microsoft's Windows operating system runs a vast majority the world's PCs. The company has rolled out versions of the software in more than 80 world languages, including Afrikaans and Kiswahili. Microsoft's Thomas Hansen says eight more African languages are on the way, including Hausa, Kinyarwanda, Wolof and Yoruba.

"What this is about is making sure that we can provide access to our technology to a much broader group of individuals who may not even have electricity: But may just have it in the future, either in the schools they attend, at the universities they attend, or in their homes," he said. "And when that moment comes, whatever barriers there may be, we want to remove those barriers."

In Senegal, where a Wolof version is set to be released in the coming months, the company turned to linguists³ at Dakar's Cheikh Anta Diop University.

Professor Mame Thierno Cisse says even something as simple as translating Windows' "start" button, was the object of much debate among his colleagues.

He says, a number of technical terms never existed in Wolof and the team of professors often had to try to create new words that could be easily understood by those without technical expertise⁴.

But even if computers are widely available and Windows is in every language on earth, there remain more fundamental barriers to reducing the digital divide.

For instance, the language on a computer screen will not matter much if a user cannot read. In a number of sub-Saharan countries, more than half the population may be illiterate⁵.

And even where local languages may be "spoken," not everyone may be comfortable reading or writing it.

In Senegal, while Wolof is used by an estimated 80 percent of the country, schooling⁶ is still in the official language, French. Most Senegalese web sites are in that language, as well.

But for Mame Thierno Cisse, having the world's most popular operating system in Wolof might encourage the spread of the language. He says, language is a vehicle for culture. And long as that language is not written, it risks disappearing.

In a Dakar cyber café, Assane Thiam, a sharply dressed young man in his twenties is frantically⁷ typing messages to a friend he waves "Hi" to through a webcam.

"We generally write in French, because, it sometimes is hard to translate it into Wolof," he said.

But asked whether using Windows in Wolof would be interesting to him, he nods vigorously.

Thiam says he runs a cyber café in his village, where just 30 percent of the inhabitants actually use the computers. Maybe, using Wolof might change that, he says.