日本去年仅接纳28名难民

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　　去年日本仅接受了28名难民，比2015年多了一个。在其他国家越来越不愿接受逃离战争或迫害的难民的时候，这一数字突显日本对庇护申请采取超级严格态度。

　　The tiny number of successful claims held steady despite a 44 per cent jump in claims for refugee status to 10,901. That meant a success rate for asylum claims of 0.26 per cent.

　　虽然难民申请猛增44%，达到10901人，但成功申请的人数仍然很少。上述数字意味着庇护申请的成功率为0.26%。

　　As restrictions³ on asylum seekers spread around the world, including moves by president Donald Trump⁴ to ban people from certain countries from entry to the US, the figures highlight how Japan has long operated a system to deter⁵ and reject most seeking asylum.

　　随着对寻求庇护者的限制在全球蔓延，包括美国总统唐纳德?特朗普(Donald Trump)采取行动禁止某些国家的人士入境美国，上述数字突显日本长期运行的机制遏止和拒绝了绝大多数庇护申请。

　　“Japan has a very, very strict refugee policy,” said Eri Ishikawa, chair of the Japan Association for Refugees. “They really prioritise immigration control rather than refugee protection.”

　　日本难民支援协会(Japan Association for Refugees)事务局长石川惠理(Eri Ishikawa)表示：“日本的难民政策非常、非常严格。他们真正优先考虑的是移民控制，而不是难民保护。”

　　There were 1,829 asylum applications from Indonesia, 1,451 from Nepal, 1,412 from the Philippines, 1,143 from Turkey and 1,072 from Vietnam. Among those accepted, seven came from Afghanistan, four from Ethiopia, three from Eritrea and two from Bangladesh.

　　来自印度尼西亚的庇护申请为1829个，来自尼泊尔的1451个，来自菲律宾的1412个，来自土耳其的1143个，来自越南的1072个。被接受的难民中7个来自阿富汗，4个来自埃塞俄比亚，3个来自厄立特里亚，2个来自孟加拉国。

　　Tokyo also granted 97 people humanitarian⁶ leave to remain and resettled 18 refugees from Myanmar who were living in Malaysia.

　　东京方面还基于人道主义理由给予97人居留权，并重新安置了马来西亚收容的18个缅甸难民。

　　Japan accepts these tiny numbers of refugees despite nominally⁷ complying with the same international conventions as countries such as the UK, which granted asylum to 9,975 people in 2015; the US, which admitted 84,994 last year; and Germany, which has taken in hundreds of thousands of Syrians over the past few years.

　　日本名义上与英国等国家遵守相同的国际公约，但只接纳这么少难民。2015年英国给予9975人庇护，2016年美国接纳了84994人，德国在过去几年接纳了数十万叙利亚人。

　　Relatively⁸ few potential applicants¹⁰ reach Japan to start with, since they generally need a passport and a visa. They also need to submit extensive documentation in Japanese.

　　首先，抵达日本的潜在申请者相对较少，因为他们通常需要护照和签证，还需要提交大量日文文件。

　　“Japan has a very unique interpretation¹¹ of the rules on asylum,” said Ms Ishikawa. “An applicant⁹ must be individually targeted by the authorities of their home country. “Even if a Syrian had joined an anti-Assad demonstration¹² and feared to return home, for example, their claim would be rejected.”

　　石川表示：“日本对庇护规则有着非常独特的解释。申请人必须在个人层面受到本国当局的迫害。例如，就算一个叙利亚人参加了反阿萨德示威活动，因而害怕回家，他们的申请也会被拒绝。”

　　Decisions on refugee status can take a number of years, so in practice applicants can receive a tough quasi-asylum in Japan for a period.

　　难民申请的裁决可能需要几年时间，因此在实践中申请人可能在日本度过一段艰难的准庇护时期。

　　Of those ultimately rejected, some are deported¹³, although Japan does not publish clear figures on deportations.

　　至于申请最终遭拒的人，有些被递解出境，不过日本没有公布递解出境的明确数字。

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