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考研英语长难句讲解 第150期

时间:2018-07-09 01:47:29

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(单词翻译)

   27.He argued that human evolution was characterized by a struggle he called the "survival of the fittest",in which weaker races and societies must eventually be replaced by stronger, more advanced races and societies.

  【分析】多重复合句。句子主干是He argued that... 。that引导argued 的宾语从句,其中he called the“survival of the fittest”为省略关系词的定语从句,修饰struggle; which引导非限制性定语从句,也修饰 struggle。
  【译文】他认为,人类进化的特点是他称之为“适者生存”的斗争。在这场斗争中,弱小的种族和社会最终将被更强大、更先进的种族和社会所取代。
  【点拨】1) be characterized by意为“以...为特征。”2) eventually“最后,终于”。
  【临摹】欧也妮?葛朗台淋漓尽致地体现出守财奴的特点是贪婪。
  28.Thus, in his view, diverse aspects of culture, such as the structure of families,forms of marriage, categories of kinship, ownership of property, forms of government, technology, and systems of food production, all changed as societies evolved.
  【分析】复合句。主干结构是diverse aspects of culture all changed …。短语 such as …food production作插入语,as societies evolved是as引导的时间状语从句。
  【译文】因此,按照摩根的观点,文化的各个方面——比如家庭结构、婚姻形式、亲属关系类别、财产所有权、政府形式、科技以及食品生产体系——都随着社会的发展而改变。

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0     
参考例句:
0 advanced yz7zi3     
adj.高等的,在前的,老的;
参考例句:
  • We should learn from advanced workers.我们要向先进工作者学习。
  • She wants to buy some advanced readers.她想买一些高级读本。
0 argued 6600fe2f1952eab3d1c4b40ce3957a1e     
adj.引起争论的v.争吵,辩论( argue的过去式和过去分词 );坚决主张;提出理由证明;说服
参考例句:
  • He argued that the issue had become moot since the board had changed its policy. 他争辩说这项议题已变得毫无实际意义,因为董事会已经改变了政策。
  • Many scholars have argued thus. 许多学者都这样论证过。
0 as pNiyL     
conj.按照;如同
参考例句:
  • He got work in a hotel as a waiter.他在一家旅馆找到了当服务生的工作。
  • In the hotel,the old men were drinking away as usual.在旅馆里,这些老人和往常一样喝个不停。
0 aspects 9074d4992d118978696669561f06dfcc     
n.方面( aspect的名词复数 );面貌;方位;样子
参考例句:
  • The book aims to cover all aspects of city life. 这本书旨在涵盖城市生活的各个方面。
  • The speaker shall limit himself to several aspects of the subject. 这位讲演者将从几个方面来发表对这个问题的看法。 来自《简明英汉词典》
0 called 4f33252742282f871b0617168156fd55     
v.叫( call的过去式和过去分词 );通电话;认为;估计
参考例句:
  • She sensed something was amiss and called the police. 她觉得有点不对头,就叫了警察。
  • I called several times, but only got the answering machine. 我打了几次电话,但只有电话答录机答话。
0 categories b0b5ccb4a195a07fd3eed14affb8695f     
种类,类别( category的名词复数 ); 派别
参考例句:
  • The organisms can be divided into discrete categories. 有机体可分为许多互不相联的种类。
  • All these different ideas can be subsumed under just two broad categories. 所有这些不同的想法可归为两大类。
0 changed changed     
[医]变化的,改变的
参考例句:
  • Names of people in the book were changed to preserve anonymity. 为了姓名保密,书中的人用的都是化名。
  • Rick hasn't changed. He looks exactly the same as he did at school. 里克一点儿没变,他和上学时一模一样。
0 characterized b5a3a6f8ba328c165c65eecbe476fb72     
adj.[医]具有特征的v.是…的特征( characterize的过去式和过去分词 );以…为特征;描述(人或物)的特性;使…具有特点(或最引人注目的特征)
参考例句:
  • Mozart's music is characterized by its naivety and clarity. 莫扎特的音乐特色是纯朴兴清澈。 来自《简明英汉词典》
  • The world situation is characterized by turbulence and intranquility. 世界局势动荡不安。 来自《现代汉英综合大词典》
0 culture 8ngzk     
n.文化,教养,种植;vt.培养
参考例句:
  • I love the national culture very much.我非常喜欢民族文化。
  • I'm learning all about Thai food and culture.我学习所有的关于泰国的食物和文化。
0 diverse I8Qyu     
adj.不同的;相异的;多种多样的;形形色色的
参考例句:
  • Spain is a composite of diverse traditions and people.西班牙是一个汇集了多种传统和民族的国家。
  • Society is now much more diverse than ever before.当今社会较之以往任何时候都要丰富多彩得多。
0 eventually rnBx7     
adv.终于,最后
参考例句:
  • Eventually he won the match.他终于赢得了这场比赛。
  • Their marriage eventually broke up.他们的婚姻终告破裂。
0 evolution ondxC     
n.进展,发展,演变,进化
参考例句:
  • A cultural and social evolution now becomes rapid.现在文化和社会发展很快。
  • It has passed through an interesting procedure of evolution.它经过了一个有趣的进化过程。
0 evolved 517eaa7028931ab6e10a4ebaef3cc179     
动词evolve的过去式和过去分词
参考例句:
  • The idea evolved from a drawing I discovered in the attic. 这种想法是从我在阁楼里发现的一幅画得到启发的。
  • Man was evolved from an ancestor that was probably arboreal. 人大概是从住在树上的祖先进化而来的。
0 forms ac68b62abfd6a9fe26e8ac4236c8ce0c     
n.形状( form的名词复数 );(空白)表格(纸);方式;组成v.形成,构成,产生( form的第三人称单数 );是;(使)成形;结成(友谊)
参考例句:
  • students involved in all forms of college athletics 参加各种大学体育运动的学生
  • Agriculture forms the backbone of the rural economy. 农业是农村经济的基础。
0 government 0f3xf     
n.政府,当局,行政管理机构
参考例句:
  • Tom works for the government.汤姆为政府机关做事。
  • The new government will come into power next month.新政府将在下月开始执政。
0 human gcCxP     
n.人,人类;adj.人类的,人性的,有同情心的
参考例句:
  • Human beings can talk,but animals can't.人会说话,而动物却不会。
  • Kehr is a very human person.凯尔是一个极富人情味的人。
0 marriage FBuxa     
n.婚姻,密切结合,结婚,婚礼,合并
参考例句:
  • They have a happy marriage.他们的婚姻很美满。
  • She is uninterested in marriage.她对结婚不感兴趣。
0 ownership BKQxj     
n.所有(权),所有制
参考例句:
  • The house is under new ownership.那栋房子已易新主。
  • He claimed ownership of the house.他声称那幢房子归他所有。
0 production qQKxS     
n.生产,产品,产量,作品,成果
参考例句:
  • Production goes up faster this month.这个月产量上升更快。
  • A famous actress is to play in our next production.一位著名女演员将在我们下一个剧本中扮演角色。
0 property dRQxd     
n.财产,所有物,所有权,性质,特性,(小)道具
参考例句:
  • He has made over his property to a hospital.他已将财产转交给了一家医院。
  • Oil has the property of floating on water.油有浮在水上的特性。
0 races b065afb8456dd9de53cba425677a47cf     
n.赛马会;种( race的名词复数 );(速度)比赛;(事件等的)进行;人种
参考例句:
  • people of all races, colours and creeds 各种种族、肤色和宗教信仰的人
  • The crowd enjoyed a diving display before the swimming races. 大伙儿在游泳比赛前欣赏了跳水表演。 来自《简明英汉词典》
0 replaced 91bb248359043fe98416e259c9bdf10d     
取代( replace的过去式和过去分词 ); 更换; 把…放回原位; (用…)替换
参考例句:
  • Machines have replaced human labour in many industries. 在许多行业中,机器已经替代了人力。
  • I replaced the taps and reconnected the water supply. 我更换了水龙头再次接通了自来水。
0 societies 249e2e9dd9acd7e2ad1b209280b9c5eb     
n.社会( society的名词复数 );上流社会;社团;社群
参考例句:
  • rising crime in our so-called civilized societies 在我们所谓文明社会中日益增多的犯罪行为
  • distinctions between traditional and modern societies 传统社会和现代社会的差别
0 stronger stronger     
adj.更强壮的;强的( strong的比较级 );坚强的;强烈的;强壮的
参考例句:
  • The hedge of stones is much stronger than a wood hedge. 石头围墙比竹篱笆结实多了。 来自《简明英汉词典》
  • They won a miraculous victory over much stronger enemy. 他们战胜了远比自己强大的敌人,赢得了非凡的胜利。 来自《简明英汉词典》
0 structure PtNw5     
n.结构,构造,建筑物;v.构成;
参考例句:
  • Doctors study the structure of the human body.医生研究人体构造。
  • A flower has quite a complicated structure.一朵花的结构相当复杂。
0 struggle pUWzs     
vi.努力;挣扎;奋斗;n.竞争;努力;奋斗
参考例句:
  • They joined the struggle against him.他们参加了反对他的斗争。
  • After a long struggle,she gained control of the business.她经过长期的努力,在业务上已能应付自如。
0 such psww9     
adj.如此的,这样的;pron.这样的;adv.如此地
参考例句:
  • He is such a man.他是这样一个人。
  • He spent all his money,he is such a fool.他这样傻,花光了所有的钱。
0 survival lrJw9     
n.留住生命,生存,残存,幸存者
参考例句:
  • The doctor told my wife I had a fifty-fifty chance of survival.医生告诉我的妻子,说我活下去的可能性只有50%。
  • The old man was a survival of a past age.这位老人是上一代的遗老。
0 systems b31df235e8aee38fd08600c353af2b52     
n.[物理化学]系( system的名词复数 );制度;身体;系统
参考例句:
  • a comparative study of the educational systems of two countries 两国教育制度的比较研究
  • the increasing complexity of modern telecommunication systems 日益复杂的现代电信系统
0 technology kpfwz     
n.技术,工艺(学)
参考例句:
  • There is a series of science and technology on the desk.桌子上放着一套科技丛书。
  • Many people call the age we live in the age of technology.许多人把我们所处的时代称为技术时代。
0 thus ooswC     
adv.如此,这样;因而,从而;例如
参考例句:
  • She studied hard,thus she got high marks.她用功读书,因此获得高分。
  • The matter stands thus.事情就是这样。
0 view 9hdwt     
n.风景;视野,观点,见解;vt.观看,注视;考虑
参考例句:
  • I disagree with this view.我不同意这个看法。
  • I'll sit here and look at the view.我要坐在这里观看景色。
0 was bglwv     
v.(is,am的过去式)是,在
参考例句:
  • He said he was right.他说他是正确的。
  • He was cold and hungry.他又冷又饿。
0 weaker 88cac3f00d249fd108c2832a94054ad0     
adj.弱的( weak的比较级 );微弱的;无说服力的;淡的
参考例句:
  • The weaker dot-coms have collapsed. 实力较弱的网络公司倒闭了。
  • It's wise to assign special exercises to the weaker students. 给智能不足的学生指定专门的练习是个明智的方法。 来自《简明英汉词典》

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