密歇根新闻广播 "Rain check"的用法

（单词翻译）

When was the last time you asked for a rain check?

Maybe a store gave you a rain check for a product you wanted that was out of stock. Or maybe you invited a friend out to lunch, but they were busy and asked for a rain check.

If you've ever asked for a rain check, you're actually using a phrase that we can trace back to baseball and, surprisingly, chess.

The earliest citation¹ of "rain check" in the Oxford² English Dictionary is from 1884: "The Toledo Baseball Club will give rain checks this season." By the turn of the 20th century, "rain check" comes to refer to situations other than rained-out baseball games or other sporting events.

Not long after that, we start to see "rain check" used in retail³ situations. In 1955, we get this quote from the Mansfield News Journal in Ohio: "Should any of these specials be out of stock, we furnish every customer desiring one with a rain check authorizing⁴ the purchase of this special at the advertised price."

The "check" in "rain check" goes back to chess. In chess, "check" is the act of threatening the other player's king. You could say that a player's king is "in check" when its position is threatened. Later on, "check" also comes to refer to a sudden stop in the course of something, because it's obstructed⁵ or there's opposition⁶.

From there, "check" becomes a restraint upon an action by a supervising power -- e.g. keeping someone in check. It also comes to mean something that serves as a stop or a restraint, as in "checks and balances."

By the early 18th century, a "check" is a control to assure accuracy or security from fraud. By the 19th century, it can also be a receipt or a ticket that is used to show ownership -- that's where we get "coat check" and "hat check." This kind of check is also related to the check or bill you get at a restaurant as well as the check for money drawn⁷ from a bank account.