密歇根新闻广播 重要的事情说两遍?

（单词翻译）

The Rio Grande is certainly a grand river. But not everyone thinks it's grand enough to be called "river" twice, as in the Rio Grande River.

In case you're not up on your Spanish, saying Rio Grande River is redundant¹, since "rio" means "river." This phrase falls into one big category of place names that contain a word or phrase borrowed into English from another language.

Other examples are the Los Altos Hills and the River Avon. These translate to "the the heights hills" and "the river river," respectively.

The other category of redundancies within a phrase is acronym² phrases. ATM stands for Automatic Teller³ Machine, so ATM machine is redundant. Two other common examples are LCD display (Liquid Crystal Display) and PIN number (Personal Identification Number).

There's a very clever term for this, which is the RAP phrase, or the Repeated Acronym Phrase phrase. These types of phrases may be redundant, but if you don't know what the acronym stands for, that redundancy on the end can be helpful.

If you heard someone refer to "HRT" would you know what they were talking about? What if they added "therapy" at the end? That might be enough context for you to figure out that they're talking about Hormone⁴ Replacement⁵ Therapy, or HRT therapy.

"If you're writing formally, I would say it's probably best to avoid redundancy," says English Professor Anne Curzan. However, Curzan does goes on to say that some redundancies can be helpful when you're processing someone else's speech in real time. "[That's] because if you miss it the first time, you can catch it the second time.

Have you noticed any other redundancies that fall into either of these categories?