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VOA科学技术2022--科学家发布银河系黑洞图片

时间：2022-05-31 08:36:49

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On Thursday, scientists released the first image of the very large black hole at the center of our Milky1 Way galaxy2.

The mysterious object – called Sagittarius A* - or SgrA* - is only the second black hole to be imaged.

The University of Arizona's Feryal Ozel called the black hole "the gentle giant in the center of our galaxy" while announcing the new image.

The international group behind the Event Horizon Telescope, EHT, project released the image. The EHT in 2019 revealed the first-ever photo of a black hole that is at the heart of a different galaxy.

Sagittarius A* has 4 million times the mass of our sun and is located about 26,000 light-years from Earth.

A light year is the distance light travels in a year, about 9.5 trillion kilometers.

Black holes are extremely dense3. Their gravitational pull is so powerful that nothing, not even light, can escape. As a result, it is difficult to see them.

Project scientists looked for a ring of light around an area of darkness representing the black hole. This is known as the black hole's shadow or silhouette4.

The image released in 2019 of the supermassive black hole in a galaxy called Messier 87, or M87, showed a ring of red, yellow and white surrounding a dark center.

The M87 black hole is far more distant and large than Sagittarius A*.

The researchers said that Sagittarius A*, despite being much closer to our solar system than M87, was harder to image.

Lindy Blackburn, an EHT data scientist at the Harvard-Smithsonian Center for Astrophysics, said "Sagittarius A* is over a thousand times less massive5 than the black hole at M87, but since it is in our own galaxy it is much closer and should appear just slightly larger on the sky."

The Event Horizon Telescope is a global group of observatories6 working to study radio sources linked to black holes. The project began in 2012 to try to directly observe the immediate7 environment of a black hole.

There are different kinds of black holes. The smallest are called stellar-mass black holes. Intermediate-mass black holes have more mass. And finally there are the supermassive black holes that are at the center of most galaxies8. These are thought to appear relatively9 soon after their galaxies are formed.

Thursday's announcement was made in simultaneous10 news conferences in the United States, Germany, China, Mexico, Chile, Japan and Taiwan(China).

Words in This Story

giant – n. : a person or thing that is very large, powerful, or successful

shadow – n. an area of darkness created when a source of light is blocked

stellar – adj. of or relating to the stars

simultaneous – adj. happening at the same time


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1 milky JD0xg     
adj.牛奶的，多奶的；乳白色的
参考例句：
  • Alexander always has milky coffee at lunchtime.亚历山大总是在午餐时喝掺奶的咖啡。
  • I like a hot milky drink at bedtime.我喜欢睡前喝杯热奶饮料。
2 galaxy OhoxB     
n.星系；银河系；一群(杰出或著名的人物)
参考例句：
  • The earth is one of the planets in the Galaxy.地球是银河系中的星球之一。
  • The company has a galaxy of talent.该公司拥有一批优秀的人才。
3 dense aONzX     
a.密集的，稠密的，浓密的；密度大的
参考例句：
  • The general ambushed his troops in the dense woods. 将军把部队埋伏在浓密的树林里。
  • The path was completely covered by the dense foliage. 小路被树叶厚厚地盖了一层。
4 silhouette SEvz8     
n.黑色半身侧面影，影子，轮廓；v.描绘成侧面影，照出影子来，仅仅显出轮廓
参考例句：
  • I could see its black silhouette against the evening sky.我能看到夜幕下它黑色的轮廓。
  • I could see the silhouette of the woman in the pickup.我可以见到小卡车的女人黑色半身侧面影。
5 massive QBRx2     
adj.巨大的，大规模的，大量的，大范围的
参考例句：
  • A massive sea search has failed to find any survivors.经过大规模的海上搜救仍未找到幸存者。
  • He drank a massive amount of alcohol.他喝了大量的烈酒。
6 observatories d730b278442c711432218e89314e2a09     
n.天文台，气象台( observatory的名词复数 )
参考例句：
  • John Heilbron, The Sun in the Church: Cathedrals as Solar Observatories, 3-23. 约翰．海耳布隆，《教会里的太阳：教堂即太阳观测台》，第3-23页。 来自互联网
  • Meteorologists use satellites, land observatories and historical data to provide information about the weather. 气象学家使用卫星、上天文台和历史资料来提供有关天气的信息。 来自互联网
7 immediate aapxh     
adj.立即的；直接的，最接近的；紧靠的
参考例句：
  • His immediate neighbours felt it their duty to call.他的近邻认为他们有责任去拜访。
  • We declared ourselves for the immediate convocation of the meeting.我们主张立即召开这个会议。
8 galaxies fa8833b92b82bcb88ee3b3d7644caf77     
星系( galaxy的名词复数 )； 银河系； 一群（杰出或著名的人物）
参考例句：
  • Quasars are the highly energetic cores of distant galaxies. 类星体是遥远星系的极为活跃的核心体。
  • We still don't know how many galaxies there are in the universe. 我们还不知道宇宙中有多少个星系。
9 relatively bkqzS3     
adv.比较...地，相对地
参考例句：
  • The rabbit is a relatively recent introduction in Australia.兔子是相对较新引入澳大利亚的物种。
  • The operation was relatively painless.手术相对来说不痛。
10 simultaneous wyrwW     
adj.同时发生的，同时存在的，同步的
参考例句：
  • We need a simultaneous interpreter.我们需要一个同声翻译。
  • This event was almost simultaneous with that one.这件事几乎是与那件事同时发生的。

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