VOA标准英语2009年-UN: Refugees Increasingly Being Refused As

（单词翻译）

By Lisa Schlein
Geneva
28 September 2009

The U.N. High Commissioner¹ for Refugees, Antonio Guterres, is appealing to countries to open their borders to asylum² seekers. He says the number of places where people fleeing conflict and persecution³ can find refuge is shrinking and this is forcing desperate people to resort to risky⁴ measures to find a safe haven⁵. The High Commissioner outlined some of the most important challenges facing the UNHCR in an opening speech of the 60th annual refugee conference.

 
U.N. High Commissioner for Human Rights Navi Pillay (l) and U.N. High Commissioner for Refugees, Antonio Guterres in Geneva, 28 Sep 2009
This pictorial⁶ montage shows just a few of the 42 million people who have been uprooted⁷ by conflict and persecution. The pictures convey the anguish⁸ of refugees seeking asylum and a roof over their heads. They show what the U.N. refugee agency calls real people with real needs from basic access to clean water to protection.

"I am gravely concerned by the shrinking asylum space, mostly but not exclusively in the developed world," said Antonio Guterres. "These are times of economic crisis, of job losses. And, if I remember well, in times of economic difficulties, there are two easy scapegoats-governments and foreigners."

U.N. High Commissioner for Refugees, Antonio Guterres, says he is concerned about the global trend toward greater restrictions⁹ and fewer rights for asylum seekers. He accuses some developed countries of violating international and regional law by limiting access to those in need of refuge. 

"Pushing asylum-seekers back to where protection is not available or further burdening developing countries who already host the vast majority of the world's refugees is not wise and is not acceptable," he said.

The High Commissioner warns that global conflicts are becoming more complex and lines that used to clearly separate the civilian¹⁰ and the military are increasingly becoming blurred¹¹.

"There are peacekeepers where there is no peace to keep becoming parties to the conflict, while militaries are more and more undertaking¹² "humanitarian¹³" work in an effort to win hearts and minds," said Guterres. "And, the resulting confusion is cynically¹⁴ and brutally¹⁵ exploited by some belligerents¹⁶ to target humanitarian workers." 

The U.N.'s top Human Rights Official, Navi Pillay, pinpoints¹⁷ discrimination as the source of forced displacement¹⁸. She says no society is immune from this scourge¹⁹. She examines the suffering endured by victims of intolerance and inequality and is particularly worried about the plight²⁰ of women and girls.

"Harmful traditional practices, including genital mutilation, discriminatory customs, such as forced marriages, and outright²¹ attacks continue to be factors that make women flee conditions of unbearable²² hardship," said Navi Pillay.

Pillay is urging countries to repeal²³ laws and practices that reduce women and girls to second-class citizens.